研究目的
Investigating the upconversion mechanisms in CaTiO3:Er3+:Yb3+ under 980 nm and 1550 nm excitation and its potential as cells luminescent probes.
研究成果
CaTiO3:Er3+:Yb3+ nanoparticles synthesized by the sol-gel process exhibited UC emission under 980 nm and 1550 nm excitation, with mechanisms involving two-photon and three-photon absorption processes, respectively. The material showed low cytotoxicity and was successfully applied as a luminescent probe for cell cytoplasm staining, with approximately 70% of cells stained. The emission at 1550 nm suggests potential applications in optical imaging within the second window for biological systems.
研究不足
The study did not explore the specific sites of interaction between the compound and cellular components, which is crucial for understanding its potential for cell labeling. Additionally, the UC emission intensity was found to be suppressed with increasing Yb3+ concentration under 1550 nm excitation, indicating potential limitations in RE3+ clustering.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved the synthesis of CaTiO3:Er3+:Yb3+ by the sol-gel process, followed by characterization using XRD and SEM to evaluate crystal phase purity, crystallite sizes, and microstrain. UC spectra were recorded under excitation at 980 nm and 1550 nm.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples were prepared with varying concentrations of Yb3+ (
3：0, 5, and 0 mol%) and a fixed concentration of Er3+ (3 mol%). List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a Shimadzu XRD 6000 diffractometer, TM-3000 Hitachi SEM, Spectra pro 300i Acton Research Co. spectrometer, and fiber-coupled diode lasers operating at 980 nm and 1550 nm.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The synthesis involved dissolving CaCl
5：2H2O in 2-ethoxyethanol, adding RE3+ solutions, and then adding Ti(OC4H9)The mixture was dried and heat-treated at 1200 °C for 4h. Data Analysis Methods:
Crystallite size and microstrain were calculated using Scherrer's and Williamson-Hall's equations, respectively. UC emission mechanisms were analyzed based on the spectra.
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