研究目的
Investigating the impact of minor Er substitutions on the site occupancy and electric-field induced strain response of (Bi0.4Na0.4Sr0.2)TiO3 ceramics.
研究成果
XRD analyses show Er to occupy preferentially the A-site in 0.80Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-0.20SrTiO3 ceramics, leading to a transition from a non-ergodic to ergodic relaxor behaviour. A-site Er doped ceramics exhibited enhanced electric-field induced strain and reduced dielectric losses at high temperature, with an optimum doping level suggested to be lower than 2 mol% Er.
研究不足
The study is limited to the effects of Er doping on (Bi0.4Na0.4Sr0.2)TiO3 ceramics. The impact of other dopants and the detailed mechanisms of Er incorporation require further investigation.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
Er-doped (Bi
2：4Na4Sr2)TiO3 powders were prepared by solid state reactions according to A-site donor and B-site acceptor substitutional doping mechanisms. Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Starting reagents Bi2O3, Na2CO3, SrCO3, TiO2 and Er2O3 were used.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
X-ray diffractometer, micro-Raman spectrometer, scanning electron microscope, ferroelectric/piezoelectric measuring system.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Powders were mixed, calcined, pressed into pellets, sintered, and characterized for microstructure, crystal structure, and electromechanical properties.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Lattice parameters were refined using a least squares method. Electric field-induced polarisation and strain were measured and analyzed.
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