研究目的
Investigating the compositional correlation and polymorphism in BaF2-PrF3 thin films deposited using electron-beam evaporation to address the challenges of using PrF3 as an infrared low-index coating material due to its tensile stress and the difficulty in congruently depositing PrF3-BaF2 thin films from a single source.
研究成果
The concentrations of BaF2 in thin films can be correlated to the concentration ratios of BaF2 in the sintered ingots of admixtures, allowing for the deposition of BaF2-PrF3 thin films using electron beam evaporation from a single source. The addition of BaF2 into PrF3 eliminates oxygen-containing phases in the films. Further research is needed to assess the influence of secondary phases on stress and the films' reliability and stability.
研究不足
The study is limited by the significant difference in vapor pressures between PrF3 and BaF2, making it difficult to congruently deposit PrF3-BaF2 thin films from a single source. Additionally, the influence of secondary phases on stress in thin films and the reliability and stability of the films require further investigation.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
BaF2-PrF3 thin films were deposited using electron beam evaporation from sintered ingots of PrF3 admixed with BaF2. The compositions and crystallographic structures of the films were characterized using EDX and XRD.
2:The compositions and crystallographic structures of the films were characterized using EDX and XRD. Sample Selection and Data Sources:
2. Sample Selection and Data Sources: Granulates of PrF3 and powders of BaF2 were mixed in various ratios, compacted into ingots, and sintered. The films were deposited on Ge (111) wafers.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a planetary ball miller, electric hydraulic pressing machine, tube furnace, electron beam evaporator, and XRD diffractometer. Materials included PrF3 and BaF2 powders.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The mixtures were ground, compacted into ingots, sintered, and then evaporated onto substrates. The films' compositions and structures were analyzed.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
The compositions were determined using EDX, and the crystallographic structures were explored by XRD.
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PrF3
Hitop Industrial Co. Ltd.
Used as an infrared low-index evaporation material.
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BaF2
China New Metal Materials Technology Co., Ltd.
Used as an admixture with PrF3 to reduce stress in thin films.
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planetary ball miller
XQM-2 L
Used for mixing and grinding the mixtures of PrF3 and BaF2.
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electric hydraulic pressing machine
DY-400
Used to compact the powder blends into ingots.
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tube furnace
GSL-1100×-50-LVT
Used for sintering the ingots in an inert atmosphere.
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electron beam evaporator
C6 four-pocket
Used for depositing BaF2-PrF3 thin films.
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box coater
KD500
Used for the deposition process of thin films.
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multi-film rate/thickness monitor
Inficon SQM-160
Used to control the thicknesses of the thin films.
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energy dispersive X-ray microanalyzer
Horiba EX-220
Used for determining the compositions of BaF2-PrF3 thin films.
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scanning electron microscope
Hitachi S-4300
Used for FE-SEM analysis without coating the surfaces.
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X-ray-diffractometer
Rigaku D/max 2550 V
Used for examining the phase compositions in BaF2-PrF3 thin films.
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