1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved preparing phytantriol-based lyotropic liquid crystalline gels using a vortex method with a fixed ratio of phytantriol to water (73:27 w/w). Various characterization techniques were employed, including crossed polarized light microscopy (CPLM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and rheological studies. In vitro release was assessed using a dynamic dialysis method, ex vivo corneal penetration was evaluated using Franz-type cells, and in vivo studies included residence time and ocular irritation tests in rabbits.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Samples were prepared with different concentrations of pilocarpine nitrate (0%, 1%, 2%, 3% w/w). Freshly excised rabbit corneas were used for ex vivo studies, and New Zealand white rabbits were used for in vivo evaluations.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included a Shimadzu LC-16AT HPLC system, CPLM (CK-500), SAXS (Anton Paar SAXS mc2), ATR-FTIR spectrophotometer (Alpha P model), controlled stress rheometer (Discover DHR-2), and Franz-type diffusion cells. Materials included phytantriol, pilocarpine nitrate, oxidized L-glutathione, purified water, and other chemicals of analytical or HPLC grade.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

Gels were prepared by heating phytantriol and aqueous PN solutions to 60°C, mixing, and vortexing. Characterization involved visual observation, CPLM, SAXS, ATR-FTIR, and rheology. In vitro release was conducted in simulated tear fluid, ex vivo permeation used rabbit corneas in Franz cells, and in vivo tests involved fluorescein sodium for residence time and a modified Draize test for irritation.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and statistical tests (one-way ANOVA, Student's t-test). Release kinetics were fitted to zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, and Ritger-Peppas models. Permeability coefficients and corneal hydration levels were calculated using specific formulas.