研究目的
To quantify the photocurrent losses from single particle?particle interfaces in nanostructured photoelectrodes and photovoltaics.
研究成果
A single particle?particle interface in TiO2-nanorod-based photoanodes causes an average photocurrent loss of ～20%, which is largely independent of applied potential in the range studied. This quantitative metric is crucial for optimizing nanostructured photoelectrodes and photovoltaics where such interfaces are common.
研究不足
The study is limited to TiO2 nanorods in specific aqueous electrolytes with a hole scavenger; the nature of the interfaces (e.g., presence of water) is unclear, and results may not directly generalize to other materials or conditions without further investigation.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
A subparticle photoelectrochemical microscopy approach was used with specific electrode configurations to measure photocurrents from single TiO2 nanorods. The method involved focused laser excitation and electrochemical current measurements in a microfluidic cell.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Rutile TiO2 nanorods of 181 ± 7 nm diameter and a few microns length were used as photoanode material. They were spin-casted on a patterned indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and annealed at 450°C for 1 hour.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment includes an inverted optical microscope, microfluidic photoelectrochemical cell with three-electrode configuration, 375 nm laser, patterned ITO electrode on quartz substrate, TiO2 nanorods, aqueous electrolytes (e.g., 0.1 M pH 8.3 sodium borate buffer with 1 M Na2SO4 and 0.6 M Na2SO3 as hole scavenger), Ag/AgCl reference electrode.
4：1 M pH 3 sodium borate buffer with 1 M Na2SO4 and 6 M Na2SO3 as hole scavenger), Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Nanorods were dispersed on the ITO electrode, and cross structures with single interfaces were identified. A 375 nm laser was focused on specific spots (type-A or type-B) to generate photocurrent, which was measured under varying applied potentials and light power densities. Data were collected and analyzed for steady-state photocurrents.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Photocurrents were averaged over multiple spots, and distance-dependent decays were fitted with exponential functions to extract parameters like decay distance and photocurrent loss. Statistical analysis included binning and averaging to reduce heterogeneity effects.
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inverted optical microscope
Used for imaging and positioning during photoelectrochemical measurements.
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microfluidic photoelectrochemical cell
Houses the three-electrode configuration for electrochemical measurements.
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375 nm laser
Focused to locally generate charge carriers on TiO2 nanorods for photocurrent measurement.
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patterned indium tin oxide electrode
Serves as the transparent working electrode with ITO strips for electrical contact.
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TiO2 nanorods
Used as the photoanode material in the experiments.
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Ag/AgCl reference electrode
Provides a stable reference potential for electrochemical measurements.
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