1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study uses a high-temperature solid-state reaction method to prepare transparent ceramics, with characterization techniques including XRD, SEM, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and luminescence spectroscopy to analyze structural, optical, and thermal properties. The fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technique is employed for temperature sensing.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Samples are (YbxHo0.01Y0.87-xLa0.09Zr0.03)2O3 with x=0.03, 0.05, 0.08, and 0.10, prepared from high-purity oxide powders.

3：01Y87-xLa09Zr03)2O3 with x=03, 05, 08, and 10, prepared from high-purity oxide powders. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment includes an X-ray diffractometer with Cu Kα1 radiation, SEM (SU8010 model), SHIMADZU UV-3600 UV-Vis spectrophotometer, spectrometer (HORIBA JOBIN-YVON Fluorolog-3) with 980 nm laser diode, and a heating device (TAP-02 temperature controlling system). Materials are Yb2O3, Ho2O3, Y2O3, ZrO2, and La2O3 powders (99.99% purity).

4：99% purity). Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Powders are mixed, ground, calcined at 1100°C, pressed into pellets, and sintered at 1700°C. Characterization involves XRD for phase analysis, SEM for microstructure, transmittance measurements, and luminescence spectra recording under 980 nm excitation. Temperature-dependent measurements are done from 293 K to 563 K.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data is analyzed using fitting functions for FIR (e.g., FIR = A * exp(-B/T) + C * exp(-D/T)) and sensitivity calculations (Sa = dFIR/dT).