研究目的
To study the impact of various channel depths and steeper inclination angles on the performance of BIPV in real desert conditions and to demonstrate experimental and computational models for passive convection cooling to increase heat transfer and electrical efficiency.
研究成果
Inclusion of a passive cooling channel beneath BIPV panels reduces operating temperatures by 5-10°C and increases electrical output by 3-4%. This method is effective for enhancing performance in desert conditions, with good agreement between experimental and computational results. It suggests that displacing PV panels from roofs can significantly improve energy output over their lifecycle.
研究不足
The study is limited to specific channel spacings (0 cm, 15 cm, 30 cm) and a fixed inclination angle of 30 degrees; it was conducted in a desert climate, which may not generalize to other environments. The computational model assumes laminar flow and may not account for all real-world complexities such as turbulent flow or varying wind conditions.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved experimental and computational modeling to investigate passive cooling of BIPV panels using air channels. PV panels were mounted with different channel spacings (0 cm, 15 cm, 30 cm) at a 30-degree inclination to simulate rooftop conditions. Temperature and electrical output were measured, and a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed using ANSYS Fluent to simulate heat transfer and fluid flow.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Three PV panels (each 97 cm x 164 cm x 0.5 cm, rated 240 W) were used, mounted on a wood surface (Balsa) attached to a stainless steel frame. Data were collected in the Arava valley under real desert conditions with high solar radiation and ambient temperatures.
3：5 cm, rated 240 W) were used, mounted on a wood surface (Balsa) attached to a stainless steel frame. Data were collected in the Arava valley under real desert conditions with high solar radiation and ambient temperatures.
List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: PV panels, aluminum frames, wood surface (Balsa), stainless steel frame, K-type thermocouples, ADAM-VIEW software for data acquisition, Kipp and Zonen CMP3 pyranometer for global radiation measurement, Campbell Scientific CS215 temperature sensor for ambient temperature, Solar Edge? power optimizer and inverter for electrical output monitoring.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Thermocouples were attached to the back of PV panels at specific distances (30 cm, 80 cm, 130 cm from channel inlet) and in the channel air. Temperature data were scanned every second and averaged every 7 minutes. Global radiation and ambient temperature were measured every 2 minutes and averaged every 10 minutes. Electrical output was continuously monitored. The setup was tested with 0 cm, 15 cm, and 30 cm channel spacings.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Temperature and electrical output data were analyzed to correlate cooling effects with channel geometry. The CFD model solved conservation equations for laminar flow and radiation heat transfer using ANSYS Fluent, with second-order upwind method and SIMPLE algorithm for convergence.
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