1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved synthesizing six new compounds and characterizing their mesogenic and optical properties using polarizing microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermo-optical analysis, UV-VIS spectroscopy, and luminescence measurements. The synthesis followed a standard esterification method with monitoring by thin-layer chromatography.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Samples were synthesized from 4-nitrocinnamic acid and various 4-halogene-4'-hydroxyazobenzenes. Purity was confirmed by elemental analysis and NMR spectroscopy.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included Vario EL III elemental analyzer, Bruker Avance III 500 MHz NMR spectrometer, Mettler-Toledo DSC 3 calorimeter, Olympus polarized light microscope BX61-P with Bresser digital camera, Linkam THMS600 heating stage, Linkam TMS93 temperature controller, Cary 1 UV-VIS Spectrophotometer, CAMAG UV Lamp 4, and various chemicals like DCC, DMAP, solvents.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

Synthesis involved dissolving reactants in THF, stirring, purification by column chromatography, and recrystallization. Thermal properties were measured by heating and cooling samples in DSC and POM setups. Spectroscopic measurements were conducted with UV-VIS and luminescence setups, including exposure to UV light for isomerization studies.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data were analyzed using Scilab for TOA, and first-order reaction kinetics were applied to UV-VIS data for isomerization processes. Enthalpies and transition temperatures were derived from DSC and POM curves.