研究目的
To synthesize and characterize new metallophthalocyanine complexes with sulfur-rich substituents, investigate their photochemical and electrochemical properties, and perform DFT calculations to support experimental findings.
研究成果
The study successfully synthesized and characterized nine new metallophthalocyanine complexes. Compounds with 2,3-bis(methylthio)benzo[b][1,4]dithiine substituents exhibited better solubility, electroactivity, and thermal stability. Cobalt and copper complexes were more soluble and aggregated in H-form, while nickel complexes were less aggregated. DFT calculations supported experimental data, confirming molecular structures and properties.
研究不足
The complexes showed limited solubility and tendency to aggregate, which affected electrochemical measurements and spectral clarity. Theoretical calculations were constrained by molecule size, using a basis set that may not be optimal for all aspects.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved synthesizing nine new tetrasubstituted metallophthalocyanines using microwave irradiation for cyclotetramerization, followed by characterization using various spectroscopic and analytical techniques. DFT calculations were employed for theoretical support.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Compounds were synthesized from precursors like 1,2-dicyan-4,5-dichlorobenzene and specific dithiones, with metal salts (CoCl2·6H2O, NiCl2, CuCl2·2H2O).
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a CEM Discover microwave apparatus, Hitachi U-2000 and Varian Cary 3E UV-Vis spectrophotometers, Shimadzu IR Affinity-1 spectrometer, Pine Bipotentiostat AFCBP1, Varian 300 Unity Plus NMR spectrometer, Shimadzu RF-5301PC spectrofluorophotometer, Mettler/Toledo TGA/DSC1 Stare System, ICP-MS THERMO ICAP-Qc spectrometer, and Bruker UltrafleXtreme MALDI-TOF/TOF spectrometer. Materials were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Synthesis involved nucleophilic displacement and microwave-assisted cyclotetramerization in DMAE solvent under argon. Purification was done via column chromatography or Soxhlet extraction. Characterization included UV-Vis, IR, NMR, fluorescence, CV, TGA, MS, and elemental analysis.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using standard spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques, with DFT calculations performed using Gaussian 09 with B3LYP functional and SVP basis set.
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Hitachi U-2000
U-2000
Hitachi
Used for measuring Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectra.
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Shimadzu IR Affinity-1
IR Affinity-1
Shimadzu
Used for recording Infrared spectra in KBr pellets.
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Shimadzu RF-5301PC
RF-5301PC
Shimadzu
Used for measuring fluorescence spectra.
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ICP-MS THERMO ICAP-Qc
ICAP-Qc
THERMO
Used for recording ICP-MS spectra.
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Bruker UltrafleXtreme
UltrafleXtreme
Bruker
Used for recording Mass spectra (MS) in MALDI-TOF/TOF mode.
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CEM Discover
Discover
CEM
Used for microwave irradiation in synthesis reactions.
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Varian Cary 3E
Cary 3E
Varian
Used for measuring UV/Visible spectra.
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Pine Bipotentiostat
AFCBP1
Pine
Used for electrochemical studies including cyclic voltammetry.
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Varian 300 Unity Plus
300 Unity Plus
Varian
Used for measuring proton and carbon Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra.
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Mettler/Toledo TGA/DSC1 Stare System
TGA/DSC1 Stare System
Mettler/Toledo
Used for Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA).
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Gaussian 09
09
Gaussian
Computational package used for Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations.
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