1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study used liquid phase reduction and chemical deposition methods to synthesize Ag3PO4 nanorods and Ag3PO4@Cu2O core@shell composites. The design aimed to combine Ag3PO4 and Cu2O to enhance photocatalytic activity and stability.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Samples included nanorod Ag3PO4, flower-like Cu2O, and Ag3PO4@Cu2O composites. Methylene blue (MB) solution was used as the pollutant for degradation tests.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included an ultrasonic cleaner, oven, vacuum dryer, centrifuge, 300 W xenon lamp for visible light irradiation, UV-vis spectrophotometer for absorbance analysis, SEM for morphology, XRD for crystal structure, EDS for elemental analysis, XPS for chemical states, and electrochemical setup for photocurrent and impedance measurements. Materials included PEG, CTABr, AgNO3, Na2HPO4, Cu(CH3COO)2, SDS, N2H4, NaOH, and distilled water.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

Ag3PO4 nanorods were prepared by mixing PEG, CTABr, AgNO3 in water, adding Na2HPO4, aging, and drying. Ag3PO4@Cu2O was prepared by dispersing Ag3PO4 in water, adding Cu(CH3COO)2 and SDS, then adding N2H4 and NaOH, stirring, centrifuging, washing, and drying. Photocatalytic activity was tested by adding catalyst to MB solution, irradiating with xenon lamp, collecting samples every 3 min, centrifuging, and measuring absorbance.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data were analyzed using XRD for phase identification, SEM and EDS for morphology and composition, UV-vis for optical properties, XPS for chemical states, and electrochemical measurements for charge transfer. Photocatalytic efficiency was calculated based on MB degradation rates.