研究目的
To describe the comparative hierarchical area ratio (CHAR), a novel parameter derived from the photoplethysmographic (PPG) pulse wave and differences in CHAR values in parturients with and without preeclampsia (PE).
研究成果
The novel parameter CHAR, derived from PPG pulse waves, shows significant differences between parturients with and without PE, with high sensitivity and specificity. It outperforms the previously proposed ADR parameter. CHAR may be an effective noninvasive tool for distinguishing PE, but further studies are needed to validate its use in early pregnancy and clinical settings.
研究不足
First, the study observed differences in CHAR values in parturients already diagnosed with PE late in gestation, but it is unclear if CHAR can predict PE before traditional diagnosis. Second, the sample size was relatively small, which may affect generalizability. Third, the study focused on PE, so differences from gestational hypertension or other non-PE related hypertension are unknown.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study was designed to compare CHAR values derived from PPG pulse waves between parturients with and without preeclampsia (PE). The CHAR calculation algorithm was developed to analyze PPG morphology.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
A total of 59 parturients (37 without PE and 22 with PE) were recruited from the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics at the Women’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Exclusion criteria included history of cardiovascular, renal, or hypertension-associated diseases, antihypertensive drug use, pregestational diabetes, alcohol or illicit drug abuse, multiple gestation, congenital fetal abnormalities, fetal chromosomal disorders, or in vitro fertilization.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
PPG pulse wave was recorded using the CARESCAPE B650 Patient Monitor (General Electric Company, Boston, USA) with a sample rate of 100 Hz, and an oxygen sensor (DS-100A Durasensor, OxiMax, Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc, USA) placed on the index finger. Data were exported to a PC for analysis.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
After at least 5 minutes of rest, PPG signals were recorded noninvasively. The signals were processed in arbitrary units and exported as comma-separated values. The CHAR values were calculated from the PPG pulse waves using the developed algorithm.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Raw data filtering, pulse wave detection, and CHAR calculation were performed using MATLAB (R2010b, MathWorks, Inc.). Statistical analysis, including Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, ROC analysis, and AUC calculation, was conducted using SPSS Statistics (version 25.0, IBM, Inc.). Figures were generated using Origin Pro (version b9.2.272, Northampton, MA, USA).
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