研究目的
To propose a modified polarization converter for generating radially and azimuthally polarized beams using a pair of lateral displacement beamsplitters and half-wave plates, aiming for a simple, symmetric, compact, robust, and cost-effective design with potential for high-power applications.
研究成果
The proposed polarization converter successfully generates radially and azimuthally polarized beams simultaneously using LDBs and half-wave plates, offering advantages of simplicity, symmetry, compactness, robustness, and reduced cost. It has potential for high-power applications and can operate with broadband pulsed lasers due to equal optical path lengths eliminating temporal walk-off.
研究不足
The intensity distributions did not show good cylindrical symmetry, which could be improved with highly accurate translation and rotation stages for alignment. The device may have 50% losses if only one beam mode is needed, and the separate components of LDBs could slightly complicate the device.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The experiment is based on a Mach–Zehnder-like interferometric structure. It uses a pair of lateral displacement beamsplitters (LDBs) and two half-wave plates (h-HWP and f-HWP) to manipulate the polarization states of incident linearly polarized light. Jones matrix calculus is employed to describe the operation principles, and coherent superposition in the far field is used to achieve radially and azimuthally polarized beams.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
A prototype device is assembled and tested. The light source is a 632.8 nm helium-neon laser with an output power of 10 mW. Beam profiles are captured using a CCD camera and a laser beam profiler.
3：8 nm helium-neon laser with an output power of 10 mW. Beam profiles are captured using a CCD camera and a laser beam profiler. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Includes cylindrical lenses (LJ1878L1-A and LJ1960L1-A from THORLABS), lateral displacement beamsplitters (PBS251, BS013, PS911 from THORLABS), multiorder half-wave plates (MOWP-633-1/2-10 from BVO), a helium-neon laser (AH100M from ONSET), a CCD camera (XCD-U100CR from SONY), a laser beam profiler (BP109-VIS from THORLABS), a quarter-wave plate (WPQ05M-633 from THORLABS), and an analyzer.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The incident linearly polarized light passes through cylindrical lenses to form an elliptical Gaussian beam. It is then split by an LDPB into orthogonal polarized components, which are manipulated by h-HWP and f-HWP. The beams are concentrated using an LDB, and coherent superposition in the far field is achieved with an imaging lens. Beam profiles are analyzed with an analyzer and CCD camera at different azimuthal angles, and Stokes parameters are measured for polarization quality.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Beam profiles are observed and recorded. Stokes parameters (S0, S1, S2, S3) are calculated to assess polarization quality, with intensity distributions analyzed for cylindrical symmetry.
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Cylindrical Lens
LJ1878L1-A
THORLABS
Transforms the cross-section of the laser beam into an elliptical Gaussian beam
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Cylindrical Lens
LJ1960L1-A
THORLABS
Transforms the cross-section of the laser beam into an elliptical Gaussian beam
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Lateral Displacement Beamsplitter
PBS251
THORLABS
Splits the incident beam into orthogonally polarized components
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Lateral Displacement Beamsplitter
BS013
THORLABS
Splits the incident beam into orthogonally polarized components
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Lateral Displacement Beamsplitter
PS911
THORLABS
Splits the incident beam into orthogonally polarized components
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Laser Beam Profiler
BP109-VIS
THORLABS
Measures and analyzes beam profiles
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Quarter-Wave Plate
WPQ05M-633
THORLABS
Used for demonstrating spatial distributions of Stokes parameters
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Multiorder Half-Wave Plate
MOWP-633-1/2-10
BVO
Manipulates the states of polarization of the incident light
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Helium-Neon Laser
AH100M
ONSET
Provides the light source for the experiment
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CCD Camera
XCD-U100CR
SONY
Captures beam profiles for analysis
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