研究目的
To investigate the cause of ripples in the frequency response of microwave photonic phase shifters implemented using a 90° hybrid coupler and to present a technique to suppress these ripples.
研究成果
The investigation confirmed that ripples in the frequency response are caused by amplitude and phase imbalances in the 90° hybrid coupler, leading to an unwanted RF modulation sideband. Incorporating a low-cost optical filter significantly reduces amplitude variation and phase deviation, improving the phase shifter's performance over a wide frequency range. This approach provides a practical solution for enhancing microwave photonic phase shifters.
研究不足
The study is limited by the performance of the 90° hybrid couplers, which exhibit amplitude and phase imbalances, especially at high frequencies. The use of an optical filter adds insertion loss, and the system may require optical amplifiers in practical applications, which could introduce noise and degrade dynamic range. The technique is specific to phase shifters using 90° hybrid couplers and may not be directly applicable to other configurations.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved theoretical modeling of the phase shifter system, simulations using VPITransmissionMaker photonic simulation software, and experimental verification. The methodology focused on analyzing the effects of 90° hybrid coupler imbalances and incorporating an optical filter to suppress unwanted sidebands.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Three commercial 90° hybrid couplers (Marki Microwave QH-0440) were used, with their frequency responses measured. Experimental data were collected using a vector network analyzer and optical spectrum analyzer.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a wavelength tunable laser (Keysight N7714A), dual-polarization dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DPMZM), 90° hybrid coupler (Marki Microwave QH-0440), modulator bias controller (PlugTech MBC-DPIQ-01), polarization controller, polarizer, optical filter, photodetector (U2t XPDV2120R), vector network analyzer (Agilent N5224A), and optical spectrum analyzer.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The setup involved generating RF signals, modulating them optically, filtering unwanted sidebands, and measuring amplitude and phase responses. Specific steps included biasing modulators, applying RF signals, and using an optical filter to suppress the unwanted sideband before detection.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using simulation software for loss and dynamic range comparisons, and experimental results were compared with simulations to verify performance improvements.
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Wavelength Tunable Laser
N7714A
Keysight
Provides the optical carrier signal for the phase shifter system.
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Vector Network Analyzer
N5224A
Agilent
Measures the amplitude and phase response of the phase shifter.
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90° Hybrid Coupler
QH-0440
Marki Microwave
Used to produce a pair of 90° phase difference RF signals for driving the optical modulator in the phase shifter.
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Dual-Polarization DPMZM
Acts as an integrated optical frequency shifter and optical phase shifter in the phase shifter setup.
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Modulator Bias Controller
MBC-DPIQ-01
PlugTech
Controls the bias voltages of the modulators to achieve desired modulation states.
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Photodetector
XPDV2120R
U2t
Converts the optical signal back to an RF signal for measurement.
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Optical Spectrum Analyzer
Used to measure the optical spectrum at various points in the setup.
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Optical Filter
Suppresses the unwanted RF modulation sideband to reduce ripples in the frequency response.
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