研究目的
To review recent research advances in phased array antennas for mobile satellite communications, focusing on low-cost solutions, coverage improvements, and calibration methods.
研究成果
The developed phased arrays are low-cost and suitable for commercial satellite communications, with advancements in coverage, calibration, and measurement. Future efforts should focus on optimizing physical and power characteristics.
研究不足
The arrays have issues with panel fixing structures causing vibration and fading in overlapping areas. Future work is needed to reduce height, weight, and power consumption for commercial use.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study reviews various phased array designs, including a six-panel structure for half-sphere coverage, a Ka-band linear array using discrete components, and an S-band dual-polarized array. Calibration methods involve air-gap coupled mechanisms and mechanical positioning systems.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Phased array prototypes developed in the State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, such as the Ku-band array with 256 elements, Ka-band array, and S-band array.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Phased array panels, vector modulators, PCBs, heat sinks, mechanical positioning systems, anechoic chambers, and test antennas.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
For coverage testing, arrays are mounted on vehicles and tested outdoors. Calibration involves moving a test antenna across array channels to measure S-parameters and calculate beam phase codes.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Analysis of radiation patterns, EIRP, G/T values, and phase shifting accuracy using measured S-parameters and far-field pattern generation.
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vector modulator
Used as the phase shifting element in phased arrays for controlling beam direction.
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PCB
Integrated with power splitter/combiner and used for mounting T/R module ICs and thermal management.
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heat sink
Attached to the PCB bottom layer for better thermal conduction in the S-band phased array.
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mechanical positioning system
1-D and 2-D scan systems
Used for calibrating phased array channels by moving a test antenna to measure S-parameters and generate radiation patterns.
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anechoic chamber
Used for integrated calibration and measurement of phased arrays in a controlled environment.
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test antenna
Placed in front of the phased array during calibration to measure S-parameters for each channel.
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