1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved synthesizing Kiwi peel activated carbon (AC), MIL-88B (Fe), and AC/MIL-88B (Fe) composite via hydrothermal methods. Photocatalytic degradation of Reactive Red 198 (RR198) was conducted under UV light with H2O2 as an oxidant. The least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) optimized with Cuckoo optimization algorithm (COA) was used for data modeling.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Kiwi peel was sourced from local farms in Iran. RR198 dye and other chemicals were commercially obtained. Experimental data on degradation efficiency were collected under varying conditions of pH, dye concentration, catalyst loading, and time.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included FTIR, BET-BJH analyzer, XRD, FESEM, EDX, TGA, UV–Vis/DRS spectrometer, autoclave, centrifuge, and UV light source. Materials included ZnCl2, KOH, FeCl3·6H2O, H2BDC, DMF, ethanol, H2O2, and RR198 dye.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

Synthesis involved chemical activation and carbonization for AC, hydrothermal synthesis for MIL-88B (Fe) and composite. Photocatalytic tests involved adding catalyst to dye solution, stirring in dark for equilibrium, UV irradiation with H2O2 addition, sampling, centrifugation, and concentration measurement.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data were analyzed using LSSVM with COA optimization in MATLAB, with statistical parameters like R2, MSE, and AARD% for model validation. Kinetics were fitted to second-order models.