研究目的
To develop a low-cost structured light-based 3D measurement and reconstruction system for cultural relic packaging, addressing the need for fast, accurate, and non-damaging methods in this field.
研究成果
The developed low-cost structured light system achieves a relative accuracy of 1/1000 and is efficient, taking about 13 seconds for reconstruction. It outperforms traditional methods in terms of accuracy and data density, with no color damage to cultural relics. The system is suitable for packaging, museum displays, and other applications, with future work focusing on automation and precision improvements.
研究不足
The system requires manual splicing for large objects, as it has a limited scanning scope. It may not handle very large scenes efficiently without additional equipment like a turntable. The accuracy for large objects is about 0.1 mm, which might not be sufficient for all applications. The method relies on specific wavelengths and phase shifts, which could be sensitive to environmental factors.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The system uses a binocular 3D reconstruction setup with structured light projection. A three-wavelength grating projection method is employed for phase unwrapping and correction, avoiding the need for synthetic phases. This method involves projecting fringe patterns with specific wavelengths and phase shifts to capture wrapped phases, which are then unwrapped and corrected using mathematical formulas.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Experiments were conducted on various objects including grey anime dolls, colored puppets, colorful kittens, air valves, flat surfaces, and Terra-Cotta Warriors (head and body parts). The Terra-Cotta Warriors were used as primary cultural relic examples, with actual size data provided for comparison.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment includes an LG HX300G projector (resolution 1024x768), industrial camera RS-A1300-GM60 (1280x1024 resolution, 4 frames/s), 8 mm M0814-MP2 lens, computer, and calibration tools like a high-precision plane calibration board and a calibrated sphere.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The system projects three frequency cosine white stripes (wavelengths 1008, 144, and 16 pixels) onto the object. Images are captured by two grayscale cameras. Phase shifting is applied (0, 2π/6, 4π/6, π, 8π/6, 10π/6), and wrapped phases are calculated. Unwrapped phases are derived and corrected using specified equations. Point cloud data is preprocessed (denoising using octree structure), registered (using ICP algorithm), merged, thinned, and grid reconstructed (triangulation method).
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Accuracy is evaluated by comparing with actual sizes and traditional methods (multi-frequency heterodyne). Metrics include absolute mean error, standard deviation, root mean square, and relative precision. Software like Geomagic Studio is used for fitting and analysis.
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