研究目的
To develop high-speed effective sensors for rapid and accurate methanol detection using nano-spindle like In2O3 hierarchical structures with oxygen vacancies.
研究成果
The nano-spindle like In2O3 hierarchical structures exhibit excellent methanol sensing performance with high sensitivity (S=27), ultrafast response time (<1s), good selectivity, and stability. This is attributed to the unique hierarchical structure and abundant oxygen vacancies, facilitating rapid gas diffusion and electron exchange. The material is a promising candidate for low-cost, high-performance methanol sensors.
研究不足
The study is limited to methanol sensing; other gases were tested but not extensively. The operating temperature is relatively high (240°C), which might limit practical applications. Long-term stability was tested for 30 days, but longer durations and real-world conditions were not explored.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
A simplified solvothermal method followed by annealing was used to prepare nano-spindle like In2O3 hierarchical structures. The growth mechanism was investigated based on Ostwald ripening theory and anisotropic growth.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Analytical reagent grade chemicals including In(NO3)3?xH2O, C12H25SO4Na (SDS), CH4N2O (Urea), deionized water, and C3H7NO (DMF) were used without further purification.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment includes X-ray powder diffractometer (Rigaku D/max-Ra with Cu Kα), scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Magellan 400, FEI), transmission electron microscope (TEM, JEOL JEM-2200FS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, ESCALAB MK Ⅱ), photoluminescence spectrometer (Cary Eclipse), UV-2450 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu), and CGS-8 gas analysis system. Materials include ceramic tube, Ni-Cr coil, and absolute ethanol.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
In(NO3)3?xH2O, SDS, and Urea were mixed in deionized water and DMF, stirred, heated at 100°C for 24h, cooled, centrifuged, washed, dried at 60°C, and annealed at 500°C for 2h. The sample was ground with ethanol, applied to a ceramic tube, and tested for gas sensing at various temperatures and gas concentrations.
5：2h. The sample was ground with ethanol, applied to a ceramic tube, and tested for gas sensing at various temperatures and gas concentrations.
Data Analysis Methods:
5. Data Analysis Methods: Response (S) was defined as Ra/Rg, where Ra and Rg are resistances in air and gas. Response and recovery times were measured as time to reach 90% resistance change. XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, PL, and UV-vis spectra were analyzed to characterize structure and properties.
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