研究目的
To synthesize In2O3-ZnO nanocomposites via a microwave hydrothermal method and evaluate their photoelectrochemical properties, particularly for methylene blue degradation under visible light irradiation.
研究成果
The In2O3-ZnO composites, especially the 5% doped variant, exhibited superior photoelectrocatalytic activity for MB degradation under visible light and bias voltage, attributed to reduced bandgap, enhanced charge separation, and flower-like morphology. The method is efficient and the composites show good stability and reusability, making them promising for practical water treatment applications.
研究不足
The study is limited to laboratory-scale synthesis and testing; scalability to industrial applications may require optimization. The focus is on MB degradation, and performance with other pollutants or under different conditions was not explored. The specific surface areas and pore volumes of composites were similar, which might limit further enhancement insights.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study used a microwave hydrothermal method for synthesis, with characterization techniques including XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, BET, and UV-Vis DRS. Photoelectrocatalytic performance was tested using a three-electrode system under visible light irradiation and bias voltage.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples included pure ZnO, In2O3, and In2O3-ZnO composites with different doping ratios (3%, 5%, 7%), prepared using specific precursors as detailed in Table I.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a microwave hydrothermal parallel synthesizer (XH-800S), SEM (S-4800), TEM (JEM-2100F), XRD (ultima IV), XPS (Thermo Scientific), UV-Vis DRS (UH4150), BET (TriStar II 3020), electrochemical workstation (Autolab), and UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-9000). Materials were Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O, In(NO3)3·4.5H2O, CO(NH2)2, MB, and others from specified suppliers.
4：0). Materials were Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O, In(NO3)3·5H2O, CO(NH2)2, MB, and others from specified suppliers. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Synthesis involved dissolving precursors, stirring, microwave heating at 120°C, washing, drying, and calcination. Characterization and photoelectrocatalytic tests followed standard protocols with specific conditions for light irradiation and voltage application.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using Scherrer formula for crystallite size, pseudo-first-order kinetics for degradation rates, and various software tools for instrument data processing.
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scanning electron microscope
S-4800
Hitachi
Used for microstructure and elemental mapping characterization.
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transmission electron microscopy
JEM-2100F
JEOL
Used for detailed imaging and analysis of nanocomposites.
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X-ray diffraction
ultima IV
Rigaku
Used for determining crystalline phases of samples.
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UV-Visible diffuse reflectance spectrophotometer
UH4150
Hitachi
Used for bandgap energy determination.
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electrochemical workstation
Autolab
Metrohm Co. Ltd.
Used for transient photocurrent, I-V curves, and EIS analysis.
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microwave hydrothermal parallel synthesizer
XH-800S
Beijing XiangHu Science and Technology Development Co.,Ltd
Used for synthesizing nanocomposites via microwave hydrothermal method.
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X-ray photoelectron spectrometer
Thermo Scientific
Used for elemental information analysis.
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Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analyzer
TriStar II 3020
Used for specific surface area and pore volume measurement.
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UV-Vis spectrophotometer
UV-9000
Used for measuring MB solution absorbance.
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Xe lamp
Used as visible light source for irradiation.
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