研究目的
To synthesize mesoporous SiO2/TiO2 composite particles using the sol-gel method and investigate the effects of surfactant (CTAB) amount and hexane as a swelling agent on their structural properties, including surface area, pore size, and pore volume.
研究成果
The synthesis of mesoporous SiO2/TiO2 composite particles via sol-gel method was successful. Increasing CTAB surfactant amount enhanced surface area, pore size, and pore volume. Hexane addition further improved these properties without disrupting structural order. Si-O-Ti bonds increased thermal stability of the anatase phase, with uniform distribution of titania particles. Future work could explore other swelling agents and applications in fields like catalysis or biomedicine.
研究不足
The study is limited to specific CTAB and hexane amounts; other surfactants or swelling agents were not explored. Calcination temperatures were fixed at 600°C and 700°C for some samples, potentially missing optimal conditions. The synthesis method may not scale easily for industrial applications, and the focus was on structural properties without testing functional applications like catalysis or drug delivery.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The sol-gel method was employed for synthesis under acidic conditions using CTAB as a structure-directing agent and hexane as a swelling agent. The design aimed to vary CTAB amounts and hexane/CTAB molar ratios to optimize structural properties.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples were prepared with different CTAB amounts (molar ratios x=
3：25, 35, 45 in TEOS:
CTAB:H2O:EtOH:HNO3 = 1:x:120:4:0.75) and hexane/CTAB molar ratios (5, 10, 15). Data were obtained from synthesized powders analyzed using various techniques.
4：75) and hexane/CTAB molar ratios (5, 10, 15). Data were obtained from synthesized powders analyzed using various techniques.
List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Materials included TEOS, TTIP, CTAB, nitric acid, hexane, absolute alcohol, and deionized water from Merck Company. Equipment included stirrer, pH meter, electrical furnace, XRD (PW1800 Philips diffractometer, X-Pert Pro MPD), SEM (TESCAN VEGA/XMU), EDS, FTIR (SHIMADZU8400S), and N2 adsorption-desorption analyzers (Be1Japan, Belsorp mini II).
5：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
For silica sol, mix water and alcohol, add CTAB, adjust pH to 1 with nitric acid, add TEOS, and stir. For titania sol, mix ethanol and acid, add TTIP, stir, then combine with silica sol. Age the sol for one week, wash, filter, dry at 100°C, calcine at 600°C. For hexane samples, add hexane to the mixture and maintain temperature at 15°C.
6：Data Analysis Methods:
XRD for phase and crystallite size, low-angle XRD for structural order, SEM and EDS for morphology and elemental analysis, FTIR for surface groups, N2 adsorption-desorption for surface area, pore size, and volume using BET method.
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