研究目的
To synthesize and characterize Co2+ substituted ZnCuFe2O4 ferrites for their photocatalytic performance in degrading methylene blue dye under visible light and sunlight.
研究成果
Co2+ substitution in ZnCuFe2O4 ferrites enhances structural, magnetic, and photocatalytic properties, with Co0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 achieving 91% degradation of methylene blue under sunlight. The ferrites are magnetic and reusable, making them promising for wastewater treatment applications.
研究不足
The study is limited to specific Co2+ substitution levels (0.0 to 0.5) and uses methylene blue as the only model dye; other pollutants or conditions were not tested. The synthesis method may lead to agglomeration, affecting morphology and properties.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study used the auto-combustion method for synthesis, with characterization via XRD, SEM, EDAX, UV-DRS, FT-IR, and VSM. Photocatalytic tests were conducted under visible light and sunlight using methylene blue as a model dye.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples were Zn0.5?xCoxCu0.5Fe2O4 ferrites with x from 0.0 to 0.5, synthesized from A.R. grade chemicals without further purification.
3：5?xCoxCu5Fe2O4 ferrites with x from 0 to 5, synthesized from A.R. grade chemicals without further purification. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment included X-ray diffractometer (Siemens D-500), SEM and EDX (Jeol JSM-6360), FT-IR spectrometer (Jasco FT-IR-4600 type A), UV-DRS-NIR spectrophotometer (Jasco V-770), VSM, and a photo-reactor with a 125 W visible light source. Materials included zinc nitrate, cobalt nitrate, copper nitrate, iron nitrate, ammonia, urea, and methylene blue.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Synthesis involved dissolving nitrates and urea, adjusting pH to 9.0-9.5 with ammonia, heating to form a gel, auto-ignition, and sintering at 800°C. Photocatalytic tests involved dissolving 50 mg catalyst in 50 mL MB solution, stirring in dark for 30 min, then irradiating under light with aliquots collected and analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer.
5：0-5 with ammonia, heating to form a gel, auto-ignition, and sintering at 800°C. Photocatalytic tests involved dissolving 50 mg catalyst in 50 mL MB solution, stirring in dark for 30 min, then irradiating under light with aliquots collected and analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Data Analysis Methods:
5. Data Analysis Methods: Data were analyzed using Debye Scherer's formula for crystallite size, Langmuir-Hinshelwood model for kinetics, and methods for band gap, magnetic properties, and COD removal as detailed in the paper.
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X-ray diffractometer
D-500
Siemens
Used to identify crystal structures of the ferrites by analyzing X-ray diffraction patterns.
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SEM and EDX
JSM-6360
Jeol
Employed for morphological and elemental analysis of the synthesized ferrites.
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FT-IR spectrometer
FT-IR-4600 type A
Jasco
Used to record FT-IR spectra of the ferrites via KBr pellet formation to study metal-oxygen bonding.
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UV-DRS-NIR spectrophotometer
V-770
Jasco
Measured ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra to determine band gap and optical properties.
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Vibrating sample magnetometer
Used for magnetic measurements at room temperature to determine coercivity, saturation magnetization, etc.
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Photo-reactor
Used for photocatalytic degradation experiments under visible light and sunlight.
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UV-visible double beam spectrophotometer
Analyzed the decrease in concentration of methylene blue aliquots by scanning at 664 nm.
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