1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study used spin coating to fabricate P(VDF-TrFE) thin films on different substrates (Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si(1 1 1) and ITO/glass) and annealed them at 140°C to induce β-phase crystallinity. Analytical methods included XRD, P-E hysteresis measurements, AFM, and PFM to assess crystallinity, ferroelectricity, surface morphology, and piezoelectricity.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

P(VDF-TrFE) 70/30 copolymer solution (2 wt% in methylethylketone) was used. Substrates were Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si(1 1 1) (crystalline) and ITO/glass (polycrystalline).

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Spin coater, thermal evaporator for Al electrodes, SmartLab XRD (Rigaku), precision LC analyzer (Radiant Technologies Inc.), AFM (XE-100, Parksystems), PFM.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

Films were spin-coated at 2000 rpm for 10 s, dried at 70°C for 10 min, annealed at 140°C for 2 h. Al electrodes were deposited. XRD measured crystallinity, P-E loops measured ferroelectric hysteresis, AFM measured surface morphology, PFM measured ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

XRD patterns analyzed for β-phase peak, P-E loops analyzed for remnant polarization and coercive field, AFM images analyzed for surface roughness and rod dimensions, PFM analyzed phase and amplitude responses.