1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

A stepwise copolymerization approach was used, involving primary, secondary, and tertiary polymerizations to sequentially add functional additives (PEGMEMA for hydrophilicity, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone for UV blocking, and ITO nanoparticles for electromagnetic wave shielding) to a base ophthalmological hydrophilic lens material (HEMA, PVP, EGDMA, AIBN). Thermal polymerization at 100°C via cast molding was employed for all steps.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Samples were prepared with varying ratios of additives (e.g., PEGMEMA from 1% to 20%, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone from

3：1% to 0%, ITO nanoparticles at 05% and 10%) based on the base composition. Physical and optical properties were measured after hydration in 9% physiological saline for over 24 hours. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Materials included HEMA, PVP, EGDMA, AIBN (from JUNSEI), PEGMEMA, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, ITO nanoparticles (from Sigma-Aldrich). Equipment included a microwave oven for drying, XS205 dual-range scale (METTLER TOLEDO) for weight measurement, ABBE refractometer (ATAGO) for refractive index, Cary 60 UV-vis spectroscope (Agilent) with Cary Win UV software for transmittance, XE-100 AFM (Park system), and FESEM (JSM-7500F+EDS, Oxford) for surface analysis.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

For each polymerization step, mixtures were prepared according to specified percentages, polymerized at 100°C using cast molding, hydrated, and then measured for water content (gravimetric method), refractive index, optical transmittance (UV and visual ranges), contact angle, and surface morphology (AFM and FE-SEM). Five measurements were averaged for each property.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data were analyzed using averages of multiple measurements; statistical techniques were not specified, but standard deviations or similar may have been implied for reliability.