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Low-cost, Inkjet-printed UHF RFID Tag based System for Internet of Things Applications using Characteristic Modes

DOI:10.1109/JIOT.2019.2893677 期刊:IEEE Internet of Things Journal 出版年份:2019 更新时间:2025-09-23 15:22:29
摘要: The radio frequency identification (RFID) has emerged Internet of things (IoT) into the identification of things. This paper presents, a low-cost smart refrigerator system for future internet of things applications. The proposed smart refrigerator is used for automatic billing and restoring of beverage metallic cans. The metallic cans can be restored by generating a product shortage alert message to a nearby retailer. To design a low-cost and low-profile tag antenna for metallic items is very challenging, especially when mass production is required for item-level tagging. Therefore, a novel ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tag antenna is designed for metallic cans by exploiting the metallic structure as the main radiator. Applying Characteristics mode analysis (CMA), we observed that some characteristic modes associated with the metallic structure could be exploited to radiate more effectively by placing a suitable inductive load. Moreover, a low cost, printed (using conductive ink) small loop integrated with meandered dipole used as an inductive load, which was also connected with RFID chip. The 3-dB bandwidth of the proposed tag covers the whole UHF band ranging from 860 - 960 MHz when embedded with metal cans. The measured read range of the RFID tag is more than 2.5 meters in all directions to check the robustness of the proposed solution. To prove the concept, a case study was performed by placing the tagged metallic cans inside a refrigerator for automatic billing, 97.5 % tags are read and billed successfully. This study paves the way for tagging metallic bodies for tracking applications in domains ranging from consumer devices to infotainment solutions, which enlightens a vital aspect for the Internet of Things (IoT).
作者: Abubakar Sharif,Jun Ouyang,Feng Yang,Hassan T. Chattha,Muhammad Ali Imran,Akram Alomainy,Qammer H. Abbasi
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To design a low-cost UHF RFID tag antenna for metallic cans using characteristic mode analysis for IoT applications, specifically for a smart refrigerator system enabling automatic billing and product restoration.

The proposed low-cost RFID tag antenna effectively tags metallic cans with a read range over 2.5 meters and covers the entire UHF band. The smart refrigerator system achieves high accuracy in automatic billing and enables product tracking and restoration, demonstrating potential for IoT applications in supply chain management and consumer devices.

The tag may have reduced read range in certain orientations or when multiple cans are packed together; fabrication tolerances can cause slight shifts in performance; the system requires integration with online payment apps and may have security concerns in uncontrolled environments.

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