研究目的
To investigate the effect of CaZrO3 doping on the electric and mechanical properties of (Na0.47K0.51Li0.02)(Nb0.8Ta0.2)O3 ceramics, focusing on the development of core-shell structures and their impact on strain behavior.
研究成果
The research successfully developed a core-shell structure in CaZrO3-doped (NaKLi)(NbTa)O3 ceramics, leading to large electric field-induced strain behaviors. The core is a Nb-rich ferroelectric phase, and the shell is a Ta-rich paraelectric phase, with interactions under electric fields enhancing strain. This finding is significant for advancing lead-free piezoelectric materials in actuation applications, suggesting future studies on optimizing core-shell structures for improved performance.
研究不足
The study is limited to specific compositions of CaZrO3-doped ceramics and may not generalize to other dopants or conditions. The core-shell structure formation depends on sintering processes and material purity, which could vary. Potential optimizations include exploring different sintering temperatures or additional characterizations to better understand phase transitions.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
A conventional solid-state reaction technique was used to prepare (1-x)[(Na0.47K0.51Li0.02)(Nb0.8Ta0.2)O3]-xCaZrO3 ceramics with x=0-0.1. The study aimed to analyze phase transitions, microstructure, and electromechanical properties.
2：47K51Li02)(Nb8Ta2)O3]-xCaZrO3 ceramics with x=0-The study aimed to analyze phase transitions, microstructure, and electromechanical properties.
Sample Selection and Data Sources:
2. Sample Selection and Data Sources: Raw materials including NaNbO3, KNbO3, LiNbO3, KTaO3, CaCO3 (99.99%), and ZrO2 (99.9%) were sourced from Aldrich Co. Samples were calcined, pressed, and sintered to achieve densities >95% of theoretical values.
3：99%), and ZrO2 (9%) were sourced from Aldrich Co. Samples were calcined, pressed, and sintered to achieve densities >95% of theoretical values.
List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment included FE-SEM (Model S-4800, HITACHI Inc.), X-ray diffraction machine (PANalytical X'pert pro MPD), electron microscopy (JEM-2100F, JEOL) with spherical aberration corrector (CEOS GmbH), impedance/gain-phase analyzer (HP4294; Hewlett-Packard Co.), ferroelectric analyzer (Radiant Co.), and linear variable displacement transformer sensor. Materials were the ceramic compositions and binders like PVA.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Powders were mixed, dried, crushed, sieved, calcined at 850°C for 5h, granulated with PVA, pressed into disks at 300 MPa, and sintered at 1080°C for 2h. Microstructure was observed via FE-SEM, crystal structure by XRD, and chemical analysis by TEM/EDS. Electrical measurements involved poling at 30 kV/cm, 80°C for 30 min, followed by piezoelectric constant measurement, dielectric and ferroelectric property characterization, and strain measurement at 0.1 Hz.
5：2h. Microstructure was observed via FE-SEM, crystal structure by XRD, and chemical analysis by TEM/EDS. Electrical measurements involved poling at 30 kV/cm, 80°C for 30 min, followed by piezoelectric constant measurement, dielectric and ferroelectric property characterization, and strain measurement at 1 Hz.
Data Analysis Methods:
5. Data Analysis Methods: Data were analyzed using XRD peak identification, EDS for elemental composition, and calculations of piezoelectric coefficients and strain from measured curves.
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