研究目的
To identify the most efficient sol-gel produced thin film heterogeneous photocatalyst among seven materials for the degradation of pharmaceutical products in water, using inexpensive materials and methods.
研究成果
Organic sol-gel syntheses produced more efficient photocatalysts for degradation, with Ag-doped TiO2 and P25-modified TiO2 showing the best performance for pharmaceuticals and methylene blue, respectively. Aqueous syntheses are cheaper and less energy-intensive but less efficient. The technology shows potential for wastewater treatment applications with further development.
研究不足
The study focused on specific photocatalysts and conditions; scalability and long-term durability of coatings were not fully assessed. The aqueous route had lower efficiency, and the organic route required high-temperature calcination. Toxicity reduction was minimal, and mechanisms of degradation varied among pollutants.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved synthesizing photocatalysts via sol-gel processes (aqueous and organic routes), depositing them as thin films on glass slides using dip-coating, and evaluating their photocatalytic activity through degradation tests of methylene blue and 15 pharmaceutical products under UV light. Theoretical models included the Kubelka-Munk function for band-gap determination and Scherrer equation for crystallite size estimation.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples included TiO2, ZnO, and modified TiO2 (with Ag, Evonik P25, MnO2 nanoparticles, and Zn2+ ions). Pharmaceutical products were selected based on EU directives and their low biodegradability.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a dip-coater, XRD diffractometer, profilometer, spectrophotometer, ICP-AES device, and UV lamp. Materials included various chemicals like titanium(IV) tetraisopropoxide, acetic acid, silver acetate, etc., and glass slides.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Sols were prepared via aqueous or organic synthesis, deposited on treated glass slides by dip-coating, dried or calcined, and characterized. Photocatalytic tests involved exposing coated slides to UV light in solutions of methylene blue or pharmaceuticals, with sampling at intervals for concentration analysis.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using spectrophotometry for concentration measurements, ICP-AES for dopant quantification, XRD for crystallographic analysis, and statistical methods for toxicity tests.
独家科研数据包，助您复现前沿成果，加速创新突破
获取完整内容-
Titanium(IV) tetraisopropoxide
TTiP
Sigma-Aldrich
Precursor for TiO2 synthesis in sol-gel process
-
Zinc nitrate hexahydrate
Zn(NO3)2·6H2O
Sigma-Aldrich
Dopant precursor
-
2-methoxyethanol
MetOH
Sigma-Aldrich
Solvent in organic synthesis
-
N-[3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine
EDAS
Sigma-Aldrich
Complexing agent for silver
-
Zinc acetate dehydrate
Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O
Sigma-Aldrich
Precursor for ZnO synthesis
-
Monoethanolamine
MEA
Sigma-Aldrich
Stabilizer in ZnO synthesis
-
Glass slides
AF32ECO
SCHOTT AG
Substrate for thin film deposition
-
X-ray diffractometer
Bruker D8
Bruker
Characterization of crystallographic properties
-
Profilometer
Veeco, Dektak 8 Stylus Profiler
Veeco
Measurement of film thickness and roughness
-
Acetic acid glacial
HAc
Fisher Scientific
Stabilizer in sol-gel synthesis
-
Nitric acid
HNO3
Merck
Peptizing agent in aqueous synthesis
-
MilliQ water
m-H2O
Veolia Water
Solvent in synthesis
-
Isopropanol
i-PrOH
Acros Organics
Solvent in synthesis
-
Silver acetate
AgAc
Aldrich Chemical Company
Dopant precursor
-
Evonik P25
P25
Evonik
Commercial TiO2 photocatalyst additive
-
Absolute ethanol
a-Eth
J.T. Baker
Solvent in ZnO synthesis
-
Dip-coater
Bungard RDC 21-K
Bungard
Equipment for depositing thin films
-
Spectrophotometer
Varian Cary 500
Varian
Diffuse reflectance measurements for band-gap determination
-
ICP-AES device
Varian Liberty Series II
Varian Inc.
Quantitative analysis of dopants
-
UV lamp
Philips TUV F17T8
Philips
Source of UVc radiation for photocatalytic tests
-
登录查看剩余18件设备及参数对照表
查看全部
