研究目的
To prepare and evaluate Bi metal modified defective-Bi5O7Br nanotubes as efficient photocatalysts for the degradation of organic pollutants like phenol under visible light irradiation.
研究成果
Defective Bi/Bi5O7Br nanotubes show enhanced photocatalytic activity for phenol degradation due to improved charge separation, increased active sites, and better light absorption. The study provides a novel method for modifying Bi-based materials, with potential applications in water treatment.
研究不足
The methods involve high-temperature hydrothermal processes and use of chemicals that may not be scalable or environmentally friendly. The photocatalytic efficiency might be limited by the stability and reproducibility of defect introduction. Further optimization is needed for industrial applications.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
Hydrothermal synthesis was used to prepare Bi5O7Br nanotubes and defective Bi/Bi5O7Br-OV nanotubes with glucose as a reducing agent to introduce oxygen vacancies and Bi metal. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to study electronic properties.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples included pristine Bi5O7Br and Bi/Bi5O7Br-OV with varying glucose concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.1 mol). Phenol solution (10 mg/L) was used as the pollutant for degradation tests.
3：01, 05, 1 mol). Phenol solution (10 mg/L) was used as the pollutant for degradation tests. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment included centrifuge (18000 r·min-1), Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave, 300 W Xe lamp with 420 nm UV cut filter, UV-vis spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), photoelectrochemical setup for photocurrent and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), photoluminescence (PL) spectrometer. Materials included Bi(NO3)3·H2O, KBr, oleylamine, glucose, n-hexane, absolute ethanol, phenol, scavengers (triethanolamine, tert-butylalcohol, benzoquinone), DMPO.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Bi5O7Br nanotubes were synthesized by stirring Bi(NO3)3·H2O and KBr in oleylamine for 10 days, adding water, centrifuging, washing, and drying. Defective samples were prepared by adding glucose to Bi5O7Br, hydrothermal treatment at 180°C for 3 h, centrifugation, washing, and drying. Photocatalytic tests involved adding catalyst to phenol solution, stirring for adsorption equilibrium, irradiating with visible light, sampling at intervals, and measuring concentration with UV-vis. Characterization involved XRD, TEM, XPS, EPR, TGA, UV-vis, photocurrent, EIS, PL, and active species trapping.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using Langmuir-Hinshelwood model for kinetics, DFT calculations for electronic structure, and various spectroscopic techniques for material properties.
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X-ray diffraction
Characterization of crystal structure and phase of catalysts
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transmission electron microscopy
Morphology and structural analysis of samples
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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Analysis of chemical states and elemental composition
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electron paramagnetic resonance
Detection of oxygen vacancies
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thermogravimetry analysis
Thermal stability and weight loss analysis
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UV-vis spectrophotometer
Measurement of absorption spectra and pollutant concentration
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photoelectrochemical setup
Measurement of photocurrent and electrochemical impedance
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photoluminescence spectrometer
Study of charge carrier recombination
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centrifuge
18000 r·min-1
Separation of synthesized materials
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Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave
45 mL
Hydrothermal synthesis at high temperature
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Xe lamp
300 W
Light source for photocatalytic experiments
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