研究目的
Investigating the enhancement of room temperature ferromagnetism and two photon absorption cross section in Ce doped BaTiO3 nanoparticles for magneto-optical data storage applications.
研究成果
Ce doping in BaTiO3 nanoparticles enhances room temperature ferromagnetism and two photon absorption cross section due to increased oxygen vacancies and formation of bound magnetic polarons mediated by Ti d orbitals. The highest values were achieved at 4 mol% Ce, making it suitable for magneto-optical data storage devices. Future work should focus on device integration and scaling.
研究不足
The study is limited to Ce doped BaTiO3 nanoparticles synthesized hydrothermally; other dopants or synthesis methods were not explored. The magnetic and optical properties may vary with particle size and defect concentration, and practical applications in devices require further optimization.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
Hydrothermal synthesis was used to prepare pristine and Ce doped BaTiO3 nanoparticles. Characterization included XRD, XPS, FESEM, UV-Vis absorption, PL, ESR, magnetic measurements with SQUID, DFT calculations using VASP, and open aperture Z-scan measurements for nonlinear optical properties.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples were synthesized with Ce concentrations of 0, 2, 4, and 6 mol%. Data were obtained from experimental measurements and computational simulations.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included Rigaku Ultima III XRD, Shimadzu Axis Ultra XPS, FEI Quanta FEG 200 FESEM, Agilent Cary 60 UV-Vis spectrometer, Fp 8300 spectrofluorometer, JEOL ESR 115 spectrometer, SQUID MPMS3-111 magnetometer, Nd:YAG laser for Z-scan, and VASP for DFT. Materials included Ba(NO3)2, Ti[OCH(CH3)2]4, Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, ethanol, nitric acid, sodium hydroxide.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Synthesis involved mixing precursors, adjusting pH, hydrothermal treatment at 200°C for 12h, washing, and drying. Characterization techniques were applied as per standard protocols. Z-scan measurements used a 532 nm laser with energy detectors and neutral density filters.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using Origin lab software for magnetic fitting, numerical fitting for Z-scan data, and DFT calculations for electronic structure and magnetic properties.
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X-ray Diffractometer
Ultima III
Rigaku
Analyze crystal structure of compounds
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X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometer
Axis Ultra
Shimadzu
Identify surface defects and oxidation states
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Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope
Quanta FEG 200
FEI
Observe surface morphology and particle size
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UV-Visible Spectrometer
Cary 60
Agilent
Record absorption spectra
Cary 60 UV-Vis Spectrophotometer
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Electron Spin Resonance Spectrometer
ESR 115
JEOL
Evince presence of defects
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Spectrofluorometer
Fp 8300
Acquire photoluminescence spectra
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Superconducting Quantum Interference Device
MPMS3-111
SQUID
Measure temperature and field dependent magnetization
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Laser
Nd:YAG
Excitation source for Z-scan measurements
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Neutral Density Filter
NG7, NG11, NG12
Applied Optics
Minimize energy fluctuation in laser beam
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Software
VASP
Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package
Perform density functional calculations
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