研究目的
To propose and demonstrate an ultrasensitive refractive index sensor based on parallel-connected dual Fabry-Perot interferometers with Vernier effect for enhanced sensitivity in liquid and gas refractive index measurements.
研究成果
The proposed sensor achieves an ultra-high refractive index sensitivity of 30,801.53 nm/RIU, which is about 33 times higher than a single FPI. It demonstrates good stability, repeatability, and rapid measurement capabilities. Temperature effects must be managed for precision applications. The sensor is suitable for chemical and biological liquid refractive index detection.
研究不足
Temperature cross-sensitivity (approximately 0.000268 RIU/°C) due to thermal expansion of UV glue; trade-off between high sensitivity and dynamic range (FSR of Vernier node is around 120 nm, limiting safe detection range to about 0.00337 RIU); potential need for temperature compensation and calibration for high-precision measurements.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The sensor uses parallel-connected dual Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs) with Vernier effect. The closed cavity FPI serves as the reference unit, and the open cavity FPI serves as the sensing unit. The Vernier effect is achieved by superimposing reflective comb spectra from both FPIs through a fiber coupler.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
NaCl solutions with refractive indices ranging from 1.33347 to 1.33733 are used as test liquids, measured by a refractometer.
3：33347 to 33733 are used as test liquids, measured by a refractometer. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Single-mode fiber (SMF), capillary (inner diameter 126.0 μm, outer diameter 1.80 mm), glass tube (inner diameter 1.81 mm, outer diameter 3.0 mm), Al mirror (diameter 3.00 mm, thickness 0.70 mm), UV glue, grooved glass tube (groove width 1 mm, groove length 2 mm), 3 dB SMF fiber coupler, supercontinuum (SC) light source, optical spectrum analyzer (OSA, YOKOGAWA AQ6370C), refractometer (A670, Hanon), thermostatic chamber, iron support.
4：0 μm, outer diameter 80 mm), glass tube (inner diameter 81 mm, outer diameter 0 mm), Al mirror (diameter 00 mm, thickness 70 mm), UV glue, grooved glass tube (groove width 1 mm, groove length 2 mm), 3 dB SMF fiber coupler, supercontinuum (SC) light source, optical spectrum analyzer (OSA, YOKOGAWA AQ6370C), refractometer (A670, Hanon), thermostatic chamber, iron support. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Fabricate closed and open cavity FPIs on fiber tips of the coupler arms. Place reference unit in a thermostatic chamber; fix sensing unit on an iron support. Illuminate with SC light source; monitor superimposed reflective spectra using OSA. Fill open cavity with liquids and measure spectral shifts.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Analyze spectral shifts using Vernier effect principles; calculate sensitivity from wavelength changes versus refractive index; perform numerical simulations based on reflectivity equations.
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Optical Spectrum Analyzer
AQ6370C
YOKOGAWA
Monitor and analyze reflective spectra from the sensor setup.
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Refractometer
A670
Hanon
Measure refractive indices of NaCl solutions used in experiments.
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Supercontinuum Light Source
Provide incident light for illuminating the sensor setup.
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Fiber Coupler
3 dB SMF
Connect and superimpose reflective spectra from dual FPIs.
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Single-Mode Fiber
SMF
Used in fabricating the FPIs and as part of the sensor structure.
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Capillary
Form the cavity for the FPIs.
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Glass Tube
Encase the capillary for structural firmness.
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Al Mirror
Serve as a reflector in the FPI cavities.
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UV Glue
Seal the FPI structures.
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Grooved Glass Tube
Facilitate filling and draining of the open cavity.
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