研究目的
Developing techniques for monitoring and removing organic pollutants such as solvents and dyes in environmental media by fabricating eco-friendly multifunctional and recyclable TiO2 hybrid sponges that can sorb, detect, and decompose such compounds.
研究成果
The TiO2 hybrid sponges were successfully fabricated and demonstrated efficient sorption, label-free detection via Raman spectroscopy, and photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants. The sponges showed recyclability over multiple cycles, maintaining their functional properties. This approach provides a simple, eco-friendly platform for managing organic pollutants in environmental media, with potential for broader applications in pollution control.
研究不足
The study may have limitations in the detection of intermediates during photocatalytic decomposition due to their short lifespan, as noted for toluene. Additionally, the method's applicability to a broader range of pollutants or real-world environmental conditions was not extensively tested, and potential optimization of nanoparticle concentration and light intensity for enhanced efficiency could be explored.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved fabricating TiO2 hybrid sponges using water-soluble sugar or salt crystals as templates to form porous structures. Liquid PDMS was filled into the templates by capillary force, and TiO2 nanoparticles were integrated. After curing, the templates were dissolved in water to obtain the sponges. Methods included SEM for morphological characterization, porometry for pore size analysis, swelling tests for sorption ability, Raman spectroscopy for detection, and photocatalytic decomposition tests under UV light.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples included TiO2 hybrid sponges fabricated with sugar or salt templates, and organic pollutants such as toluene, benzene, xylene, chloroform, rhodamine 6G (R6G), and Nile Blue A (NBA). Data were sourced from experimental measurements of swelling ratios, Raman spectra, and absorbance changes during decomposition.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included field-emission SEM (JSM-6000, JEOL), porometer (CFP-1500AEL, Porous Materials Inc.), micro-Raman system (SR-303i, Andor Technology; Olympus BX51 microscope; 532-nm laser module PSU-III-FDA), plate reader for absorbance, and CDM UV-Vis lamp. Materials included PDMS elastomer kit (Sylgard 184, Dow Corning), TiO2 (P25, Evonik Industry), AgNO3, sucrose, R6G, NBA, toluene, benzene, xylene, chloroform, ethanol, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, and others from Sigma-Aldrich, Samchun Chemical, and Junsei Chemical.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Fabrication involved molding templates with crystals and TiO2, filling with liquid PDMS, degassing, curing, and dissolving templates in water. Sorption tests measured swelling ratios after dipping sponges in solvents. Detection used Raman spectroscopy on sorbed pollutants. Photocatalytic decomposition involved exposing pollutant-sorbed sponges to UV light and monitoring changes via Raman or absorbance. Recycling tests repeated sorption, decomposition, and washing steps.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Swelling ratios calculated from weight changes. Raman spectra analyzed for molecular-specific peaks. Absorbance data used to track decomposition kinetics. Statistical analysis included triplicate measurements for swelling tests.
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PDMS elastomer kit
Sylgard 184
Dow Corning Corporation
Used as the polymer network for fabricating the hybrid sponges, providing structural support and sorption properties for organic pollutants.
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Field-emission SEM
JSM-6000
JEOL
Used for morphological characterization of the hybrid sponges to analyze pore structures and nanoparticle integration.
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Micro-Raman system
SR-303i
Andor Technology
Used for label-free detection of sorbed organic pollutants via Raman spectroscopy, enabling molecular-specific identification.
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532-nm laser module
PSU-III-FDA
Changchun New Industries Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd.
Part of the micro-Raman system, used to excite Raman scattering for detecting organic pollutants.
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TiO2 nanoparticles
P25
Evonik Industry
Integrated into the hybrid sponges to enable photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants under UV light.
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Porometer
CFP-1500AEL
Porous Materials Inc.
Used to measure pore size distributions of the hybrid sponges by analyzing gas flow through dry and wet samples.
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CDM UV-Vis lamp
Used to activate TiO2 nanoparticles in the hybrid sponges for photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants.
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Plate reader
Used to measure UV absorbance of samples to track photocatalytic decomposition kinetics of dyes like R6G.
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