1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved synthesizing BiTa1-xVxO4 via wet-chemical technique, ZnFe2O4 via microwave hydrothermal method, and Ag/ZnFe2O4/Ag/BiTa1-xVxO4 nanocomposites via UV photoreduction method. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated under visible light irradiation using a Xenon lamp with <400 nm cut-off filters.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Sulfanilamide (SAM) solution (

3：0 mg/L) was used as the target contaminant. Catalysts were synthesized and characterized using various techniques. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included microwave synthesizer (XH-800G), mercury lamp (500 W), Xenon lamp (500 W), HPLC (Pro 210), ion chromatography (ICS 90), XRD (D8 Advance), SEM (Carl Zeiss MERLIN), TEM (Tecnai G2 F20), XPS (XSAM800), FT-IR (Nicolet Avatar 330), UV-vis DRS (U-3900), PL (F-7000). Materials included Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, TaCl5, VCl3, Fe(NO3)3·9H2O, ZnCl2, AgNO3, HNO3, ethanol, NaOH, deionized water, SAM, IPA, EDTA, BQ, TA.

4：0). Materials included Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, TaCl5, VCl3, Fe(NO3)3·9H2O, ZnCl2, AgNO3, HNO3, ethanol, NaOH, deionized water, SAM, IPA, EDTA, BQ, TA. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Synthesis involved dissolving precursors, stirring, aging, drying, calcination, and photoreduction. Photocatalytic tests involved mixing SAM solution with catalyst, stirring in dark for adsorption-desorption equilibrium, illuminating with visible light, sampling at intervals, filtering, and analyzing with HPLC. Reactive species were detected using scavengers and PL.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data were analyzed using HPLC for SAM concentration, ion chromatography for anions, and various spectroscopic techniques for catalyst characterization. Kinetic analysis used pseudo-first-order model.