研究目的
To develop methods for obtaining and investigating the luminescence properties of nanocomposite films produced by embedding cadmium selenide and silicon nanoparticles into a fibrous material based on a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and vinylidene fluoride (F42 material) in the SC-CO2 medium.
研究成果
New film composite materials based on F42 copolymer with embedded luminescent semiconductor nanoparticles (CdSe and nc-Si) were successfully created using diffusion embedding in SC-CO2 medium. The composites exhibit luminescence covering 500–1000 nm, with properties influenced by laser exposure (e.g., intensity increase for CdSe and decrease for nc-Si). The materials retain advantages of the initial copolymer, such as transparency, hydrophobicity, and good mechanical properties, demonstrating potential for applications in optoelectronics and other fields. Future studies could optimize pressing parameters and explore long-term stability.
研究不足
The treatment in SC-CO2 medium increases porosity and surface defects in pressed films, which may affect mechanical properties and uniformity. Cold pressing for nc-Si composites requires higher pressure to achieve transparency, and thermal-oxidative effects during hot pressing could influence nanoparticle properties. The method's efficiency depends on the fibrous morphology, and aggregation effects or environmental factors (e.g., oxidation) might alter luminescence behavior over time.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The overall experimental design involved using the diffusion embedding of ready-made semiconductor nanoparticles (CdSe quantum dots and nanocrystalline silicon) into a porous fibrous matrix of F42 copolymer in a supercritical CO2 medium. The method included swelling the polymer in SC-CO2 to increase internal free volume, efficient transport of nanoparticles due to low viscosity of SC-CO2, and compression after pressure release to isolate nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. Cold or hot pressing was used at the final stage to create transparent and mechanically robust film composites.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Initial samples were fibrous F42 copolymer porous films (1 × 1 cm, 2–3 mm thick) obtained by electroforming a copolymer with 85% tetrafluoroethylene and 15% vinylidene fluoride. Colloidal solutions of CdSe quantum dots (5 mg/mL in toluene, Sigma-Aldrich) and nanocrystalline silicon particles (in hexane) were used as nanoparticle sources. Nanoparticles were synthesized via disproportionation reaction from silicon monoxide.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a supercritical CO2 chamber (pressure 18–20 MPa, temperature 50°C), pressing apparatus (for cold pressing at room temperature and hot pressing at 140°C with pressures of 7–20 MPa), USB4000 fiber spectrometer (Ocean Optics), KLM-405-200 semiconductor laser (Russia), Phenom ProX desktop scanning electron microscope (SEM, Phenom-World BV), Charge Reduction Sample Holder, metal substrates (Agar Scientific), conductive carbon adhesive tape, graphite suspension, and optical fibers with short-focus lenses.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Porous F42 films were maintained in colloidal nanoparticle solutions, then treated in SC-CO2 medium at 18–20 MPa and 50°C for 1 hour. Pressure was lowered to atmospheric over 30 minutes while maintaining temperature above 31°C. Impregnated films were pressed (cold for nc-Si at room temperature and 20 MPa, hot for CdSe at 140°C and 7 MPa) to enhance transparency and mechanical properties. Photoluminescence spectra were measured using a USB4000 spectrometer with excitation from a 405 nm laser, and SEM images were recorded at accelerating voltages of 5, 10, and 15 kV.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
Photoluminescence spectra were analyzed for intensity changes and band shifts under laser exposure. SEM images were used to study surface morphology and porosity. Kinetic curves of photoluminescence intensity decay or growth were approximated using exponential or linear functions, and comparisons were made with previous studies on similar composites.
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USB4000 fiber spectrometer
USB4000
Ocean Optics
Used to obtain photoluminescence spectra of synthesized film samples upon excitation by laser radiation.
Ocean Insight USB4000 Spectrometer
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KLM-405-200 semiconductor laser
KLM-405-200
Russia
Used to excite luminescence in composite samples at a wavelength of 405 nm.
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Phenom ProX desktop scanning electron microscope
Phenom ProX
Phenom-World BV
Used to record electron micrographs of film samples to study surface morphology and structure.
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Charge Reduction Sample Holder
Designed for operating with charged samples in the SEM to obtain high-contrast images.
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Colloidal solutions of CdSe quantum dots
Sigma-Aldrich
Used as a source of semiconductor nanoparticles for embedding into the polymer matrix to create luminescent composites.
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Colloidal solution of nanocrystalline silicon particles
Used as a source of semiconductor nanoparticles for embedding into the polymer matrix to create luminescent composites.
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Supercritical CO2 chamber
Used for diffusion embedding of nanoparticles into the porous polymer matrix under supercritical conditions.
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Pressing apparatus
Used for cold or hot pressing of impregnated porous films to enhance transparency and mechanical properties.
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Optical fiber
Used to transfer the image of the probed sample region to the spectrometer slit for photoluminescence measurements.
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Short-focus lens
Used in conjunction with the optical fiber to focus and transfer the sample image for spectral measurements.
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Metal substrates
Agar Scientific
Used to hold samples during SEM imaging.
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Conductive carbon adhesive tape
Used to fix samples to metal substrates for SEM imaging.
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Graphite suspension
Used to fix samples to metal substrates for SEM imaging.
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