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An Effective Method for Recovering Nonradiative Recombination Loss in Scalable Organic Solar Cells
摘要： Regarded as a critical step in commercial applications, scalable printing technology has become a research frontier in the field of organic solar cells. However, inevitable efficiency loss always occurs in the lab-to-manufacturing translation due to the different fabrication processes. In fact, the decline of photovoltaic performance is mainly related to voltage loss, which is mainly affected by the diversity of phase separation morphology and the chemical structures of photoactive materials. Fullerene derivative indene-C60 bisadduct (ICBA) is introduced into a PBDB-T-2F:IT-4F system to control the active layer morphology during blade-coating process. Accordingly, as a symmetrical fullerene derivative, ICBA can regulate the crystallization tendency and molecular packing orientation and suppress charge carrier recombination. This ternary strategy overcomes the morphology issues caused by weaker shear impulse in blade-coating process. Benefiting from the reduced nonradiative recombination loss, 1.05 cm2 devices are fabricated by blade coating with a power conversion efficiency of 13.70%. This approach provides an effective support for recovering the voltage loss during scalable printing approaches.
关键词： nonradiative recombination loss,organic solar cells,large-area solar cells,blade coating
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Hybrid Ligand Exchange of Cu(In,Ga)S <sub/>2</sub> Nanoparticles for Carbon Impurity Removal in Solution Processed Photovoltaics
摘要： The solution processing of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 photovoltaics from colloidal nanoparticles has long suffered from deleterious carbonaceous residues originating from long chain native ligands. This impurity carbon has been observed to hinder grain formation during selenization and leave a discrete residue layer between the absorber layer and the back contact. In this work, organic and inorganic ligand exchanges were investigated to remove tightly bound native oleylamine ligands from Cu(In,Ga)S2 nanoparticles, thereby removing the source of carbon contamination. However, incomplete ligand removal, poor colloidal stability, and/or selective metal etching was observed for these methods. As such, an exhaustive hybrid organic/inorganic ligand exchange was developed to bypass the limitations of individual methods. A combination of microwave-assisted solvothermal pyridine ligand stripping followed by inorganic capping with diammonium sulfide was developed and yielded greater than 98% removal of native ligands via a rapid process. Despite the aggressive ligand removal, the nanoparticle stoichiometry remained largely unaffected when making use of the hybrid ligand exchange. Furthermore, highly stable colloidal ink formulations using non-toxic dimethyl sulfoxide were developed, supporting stable nanoparticle mass concentrations exceeding 200 mg/mL. Scalable blade coating of the ligand exchanged nanoparticle inks yielded remarkably smooth and microcrack free films with RMS roughness less than 7 nm. Selenization of ligand exchanged nanoparticle films afforded substantially improved grain growth as compared to conventional non-ligand exchanged methods yielding an absolute improvement in device efficiency of 2.8%. Hybrid ligand exchange nanoparticle based devices reached total-area power conversion efficiencies of 12.0%, demonstrating the feasibility and promise of ligand exchanged colloidal nanoparticles for the solution processing of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 photovoltaics.
关键词： hybrid ligand exchange,blade coating,diammonium sulfide,carbon impurity removal,photovoltaics,grain growth,Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2,solution processing,ligand exchange,selenization,microwave-assisted solvothermal,colloidal nanoparticles,device efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Blade-coated efficient and stable large-area organic solar cells with optimized additive
摘要： For the fabrication of large-area devices, achieving both excellent photovoltaic performance and device stability simultaneously is the key to commercialization of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, non-fullerene OSCs with various additives (1,8-diiodooctane (DIO), 1,8-octanedithiol (ODT), chloronaphthalene (CN)) were fabricated by blade-coating in ambient environment. It was demonstrated that all these three additives can improve device performance. However, CN based device shows only a slightly increased power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.34% as compared to the device without additive (PCE=9.19%). Although DIO based device presents an increased PCE of 9.87%, the corresponding device stability is poor. Impressively, due to the enhanced crystallization as well as the small and pure domains, the device with ODT additive not only possesses higher photovoltaic performance (PCE of 10.20%), but also exhibits better device stability. In addition, ODT based large-area device (90 mm2) prepared by blade-coating also exhibits a high PCE of 8.59%, showing great potential in fabricating efficient and stable large-area organic solar cells.
关键词： Stability,Organic solar cells,Large-area,Blade-coating,Additive
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Zwitterion-Stabilizing Scalable Bladed ?±-Phase Cs <sub/>0.1</sub> FA <sub/>0.9</sub> PbI <sub/>3</sub> Films for Efficient Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted considerable attention as a prominent photovoltaic technology, yet the state-of-the-art PSCs still contain thermally unstable methylammonium (MA) cations and use laboratory-level assembly methods, making the device's stability and scalability challenging. Herein, we demonstrate a generic zwitterion-assisted strategy to improve the efficiency and stability of formamidinium (FA)-based PSCs made by scalable blade-coating technique. The zwitterion, 3-(1-pyridinio)-1-propanesulfonate (PPS), plays dual roles in effectively suppressing the formation of undesirable δ-phase and passivating the trap states of FA-based perovskite films. As a consequence, uniform FA-based perovskite films with area as large as 16 cm2 were successfully obtained and the small-area (0.1 cm2) device incorporating PPS achieved a champion efficiency up to 18.9%, as well as enabled a best efficiency of 16.2% for large-area (1 cm2) device. More importantly, unencapsulated devices with PPS also exhibited superior thermal and moisture stability, remaining at 88% of initial efficiency after aging in air for 1000 h. This methodology provides a low-cost and facile pathway to realize the synergistic effect of crystallization modulation and defect passivation for large-scale perovskite devices with excellent optoelectronic performance and stability.
关键词： formamidinium-based films,perovskite solar cell,blade-coating,stability,defect passivation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Correlated alkyl chain length to defect passivation efficacy in perovskite solar cells
摘要： We for the first time correlated the alkyl chain length of amine molecules to the defect passivation efficacy, either on surface or at grain boundaries of perovskite films. Blade-coated perovskite solar cells with long-chain amines passivation achieved an efficiency of 21.5%, accompanied by a small voltage loss of 0.35 V.
关键词： efficiency,defect passivation,blade-coating,alkyl chain length,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Investigating the influence of the solution-processing method on the morphological properties of organic semiconductor films and their impact on OLED performance and lifetime
摘要： The morphological properties of organic semiconductor films deposited by blade coating and spin coating were investigated. The effect of these solution coating methods in fabricating the hole transport layer (HTL) and emissive layer (EML) of OLEDs was also examined. Transient photoluminescence measurements showed that blade-coated films have longer exciton lifetimes than spin-coated films, indicating that blade coating leads to films with less aggregated and more uniform morphologies. OLEDs with a blade-coated CBP:Ir(ppy)3 EML exhibited an external quantum efficiency (EQE) at 20 mA/cm2 of 8.6 % versus 6.4 % in case of device with the same structure but with a spin-coated EML. Additionally, the blade coated CBP:Ir(ppy)3-based device showed a decrease in electroluminescence emission peak by about 52% from its initial value after 20 min of electrical aging, whereas for the spin-coated device, the decrease was 74%. The higher efficiency and longer lifetime in the blade coated devices is likely a result of a more uniform or less aggregated film morphology. These findings demonstrate that blade coating is a promising solution-based fabrication technique to enable more efficient and longer-lived small molecule, solution-coated OLEDs and organic optoelectronic devices.
关键词： Blade coating,OLEDs,Lifetime,Organic semiconductors,Spin coating,Morphology
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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An Alkoxya??Solubilizing Decacyclic Electron Acceptor for Efficient Ecoa??Friendly Asa??Cast Bladea??Coated Organic Solar Cells
摘要： The rapid development of organic solar cells (OSCs) based on non-fullerene acceptors has achieved significant breakthroughs in power conversion efficiency (PCE) of spin coated devices. However, spin coating method in a protective atmosphere seems unsuitable for the practical scalable coating and eco-friendly manufacturing approaches are necessary to be developed for printing of high-performance solar panels. In addition, the use of highly toxic solvents is also a stumbling block to the commercial application of OSCs. Thus, the photoactive materials for scalable coating and eco-friendly scalable fabrication methods, and it is still a challenge that transition from the existing cutting-edge performance OSCs to eco-environment blade coated devices. Herein, a fused ring electron acceptor named as F10IC2 bearing a decacycle core and solubilizing alkoxyl side chains was synthesized and applied in as-cast blade coated OSCs by blending with polymer donor PTB7-Th. As-cast OSCs based on PTB7-Th: F10IC2 blended films fabricated from chlorobenzene (CB) or chlorine-free o-xylene (XY) solvents in air without any post-treatment, delivered a PCE of 12.5% and 11.4%, respectively, which are among the highest values reported for as-cast blade-coated OSCs. This study provides a strategy of alkoxyl solubilizing to design the high-performance material system for eco-friendly scalable OSCs, which is suitable for the future industrial production.
关键词： Eco-friendly,Blade-coating,Organic solar cell,Fused-ring electron acceptor
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Suppressing the Excessive Aggregation of Non‐Fullerene Acceptor in Blade‐Coated Active Layer by Using n‐Type Polymer Additive to Achieve Large‐Area Printed Organic Solar Cells with Efficiency over 15%
摘要： In this study, we demonstrate that high-efficiency blade-coated organic solar cells (OSCs) can be obtained by using polymer additive N2200 to suppress the excessive aggregation of non-fullerene acceptor. When using blade-coating, OSCs based on the blends of PM6:IT-4F and PM6:Y6 show moderate efficiencies of 9.9% and 13.2%, respectively. However, when a small amount of N2200 is added into the binary active layers, the resulting blade-coated OSCs show much higher efficiencies of 13.0% and 16.0%. Careful investigation reveals that the polymer additive suppresses the excessive aggregation of non-fullerene acceptors in the blade-coated active layer. This enhances the device performance by ensuring a more favorable morphology with appropriate domain size, improving charge extraction, and suppressing charge recombination. Based on these understanding, large-area OSC devices (1.0 cm2) are successfully obtained by blade-coating, which display encouraging efficiencies of 12.3% and 15.1%.
关键词： highly efficient,blade-coating,suppress aggregation,organic solar cell,large-area device
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04