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Transition kinetics of impurity doped quantum dots under time-dependent confinement potential: role of noise
摘要： Present study endeavors to analyze the role of Gaussian white noise and fluctuating confinement potential on time-average excitation rate (TAER) of impurity doped quantum dot (QD). The TAER profiles are exhaustively monitored as a number of physical quantities are varied over a range with and without noise. Application of noise to the system takes place in two different pathways known as ‘additive’ and ‘multiplicative’. And the fluctuation of the confinement potential has been considered to be cosinusoidal and random which induces the excitation of ground state electronic population to the higher states. The TAER profiles comprise of features like steady increase/decrease, maximization, minimization and saturation. However, the specific characteristics of a particular profile depend on presence/absence of noise, the noise mode, the nature of fluctuating confinement potential and the identity of the physical quantity being varied. Production of large TAER of doped QD depends on noise-mode and nature of fluctuating confinement potential based on which the noise strength is required to be maintained in the vicinity of some typical values.
关键词： additive noise,Gaussian white noise,time-average excitation rate,impurity doped quantum dot,multiplicative noise,fluctuating confinement potential
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Laser based method for dynamic calibration of thermocouples
摘要： In dynamic temperature measurement, thermocouple sensors are widely used in harsh environments, and their dynamic characteristics directly affect the accuracy of dynamic temperature measurement. When the dynamic characteristics do not meet the requirements of dynamic test, dynamic errors will occur. In order to obtain the dynamic characteristics, it is necessary to calibrate the thermocouple dynamically. In this paper, a dynamic calibration system for the thermocouple was built. In the system, a high power laser was used to generate pulse temperature excitation. In order to realize the uniform heating, the laser beam homogenization system based on microlens array was studied and added to the dynamic calibration system. The homogenization system was designed and simulated, and the uniformity of the laser spot was measured after homogenization. A K-type butt-welded thermocouple was dynamically calibrated by using the dynamic calibration system. The dynamic mathematical model of the thermocouple was obtained by the system identification method, and the dynamic characteristics of the thermocouple were analyzed.
关键词： pulse excitation,laser,dynamic calibration,microlens array,thermocouple
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Hybrid perovskite light emitting diodes under intense electrical excitation
摘要： Hybrid perovskite semiconductors represent a promising platform for color-tunable light emitting diodes (LEDs) and lasers; however, the behavior of these materials under the intense electrical excitation required for electrically-pumped lasing remains unexplored. Here, we investigate methylammonium lead iodide-based perovskite LEDs under short pulsed drive at current densities up to 620 A cm?2. At low current density (J < 10 A cm?2), we ?nd that the external quantum ef?ciency (EQE) depends strongly on the time-averaged history of the pulse train and show that this curiosity is associated with slow ion movement that changes the internal ?eld distribution and trap density in the device. The impact of ions is less pronounced in the high current density regime (J > 10 A cm?2), where EQE roll-off is dominated by a combination of Joule heating and charge imbalance yet shows no evidence of Auger loss, suggesting that operation at kA cm?2 current densities relevant for a laser diode should be within reach.
关键词： ion movement,electrical excitation,lasers,Auger loss,light emitting diodes,Hybrid perovskite semiconductors,Joule heating,external quantum efficiency,charge imbalance
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Tapping Mode AFM Imaging in Liquids with blueDrive Photothermal Excitation
摘要： Photothermal excitation represents a significant instrumentation advance for imaging with dynamic modes of the atomic force microscope (AFM). Using a power-modulated laser to directly drive the cantilever oscillation provides substantial benefits over conventional piezoelectric excitation. Here we discuss photothermal excitation and its implementation as blueDrive by Oxford Instruments Asylum Research. We explain its operating principles and discuss its use for a range of practical applications. The results show that blueDrive sets new standards for imaging in liquid, visualizing dynamic events, and mapping nanomechanical properties.
关键词： tapping mode,liquid imaging,photothermal excitation,atomic force microscopy,nanoscale surface characterization
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Image, Vision and Computing (ICIVC) - Chongqing (2018.6.27-2018.6.29)] 2018 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Image, Vision and Computing (ICIVC) - Voice Pathology Detection Based on the Vocal Fold Signal and the Vocal Tract Signal Separation
摘要： Voice pathology correlates with vocal fold problems, so extracting valid features from the vocal fold excitation signal is helpful for classifying the normal and pathological voice. A novel feature extraction method which combines wavelet packet decomposition and nonlinear feature extraction is proposed in this paper. The original speech signals are firstly decomposed into 5 layers using wavelet packet-based method, and the high frequency signals which correlate with the vocal fold are reconstructed. Then nonlinear features are extracted from the reconstructed signals. Support Vector Machine is used to classify the normal and pathological voice using the nonlinear features. The proposed method and features are evaluated on the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary databases. The second-order renyi entropy features give very promising classification accuracy of 98.21%. The highest accuracy is 99.21% when the Hurst parameter and second-order renyi entropy features are combined. Experimental results show that the vocal fold excitation signal can express the pathological information about sound efficiently, which can be used for the automatic detection and classification of the pathological voice.
关键词： support vector machine,wavelet packet,entropy,vocal fold excitation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Four-Photon Adiabatic Excitation of Rydberg States
摘要： Propagation of four laser pulses in the five-level ladder system in the case of arbitrary intensities and the different strengths of oscillators is investigated, when one of the eigenstates of the interaction Hamiltonian is formed in the whole volume of the medium. Taking into account the first non-adiabatic correction, the equations of propagation are obtained. An analytical solution of these equations is obtained. The conditions for an effective excitation of the fifth level in the whole volume of medium and the limitations on the interaction parameters are obtained as well.
关键词： laser pulse,adiabatic excitation,Rydberg state
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Editorial: Advances in Label Free Tissue Imaging With Laser Scanning Microscopy Techniques
摘要： Significant efforts are being spent at the time being for transferring various laser scanning microscopy (LSM) techniques to the realm of tissue characterization, because of their potential to circumvent some of the most important disadvantages of traditional histopathology approaches based on excisional biopsy and tissue staining. Although conventional histopathology is currently regarded as a golden standard for the diagnosing pathologies that reflect in tissular modification (e.g., cancers), limitations such as long diagnosis time, invasiveness, artifacts, sampling error, time consumption, high costs, and interpretive variability make such approaches to be impractical in many scenarios, while also placing considerable pressure on the sustainability of healthcare systems around the world. The potential of LSM techniques to contribute to overcoming these aspects derives from their “non-invasive” character. They can exploit various endogenous optical signals generated by tissues upon interaction with a laser beam and are able to provide optical sections (virtual biopsies) that reflect the tissular architecture at controlled depths. Many studies reported to date showed that LSM techniques can provide label-free information of similar pathologic relevance to the information collected for characterization/confirmation purposes with traditional histopathology approaches. These techniques are thus capable of probing optical properties of tissues with deep implications for resolving important anatomical and physiological aspects which represent hallmarks for disease predisposition and progression. To date techniques such as Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) [1], Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (FLIM) [2], Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence Microscopy (TPEF) [2–6], Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy (SHG) [5, 6], Third Harmonic Generation Microscopy (THG) [4], Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy (CARS) [3, 7], as well as other LSM variants such as the Brillouin Microscopy [8] have already been demonstrated to be powerful tools for investigating tissue morphology, functionality, and biochemical composition with high spatial and temporal resolution. In the opinion of many, these techniques, together with investigations approaches based on their combined use, will soon become the central element of the default tissue characterization frameworks for both ex vivo and in vivo assays. Furthermore, emerging LSM techniques exploiting various ingenious strategies to achieve superresolved images in a label-free manner [9–12] are also likely to be transferred soon toward applications addressing tissue imaging.
关键词： tissue imaging,two photon excitation fluorescence microscopy,Brillouin microspectroscopy,laser scanning microscopy,second harmonic generation microscopy
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Tunable photoluminescence from YTaO4: Bi3+ for ultraviolet converted pc-WLED with high chromatic stability
摘要： To avoid the color drift of WLED at high temperature, it is significant to develop color stable luminescent materials. Herein we report on a phosphor YTaO4:Bi3+ with a stable blue emission upon ultraviolet excitations even as the temperature changes between 300 and 480 K. Upon excitations into host absorptions a tunable blue emission can be led from 400 nm to 450 nm due to the enhanced energy transfer efficiency from host to bismuth ions as the concentration of bismuth increases. As excitation scheme is modulated between 355 and 370 nm the white emission can be achieved in the compound of YTaO4 single doped with Bi3+, which has rarely been reported previously. For proof of concept the prototype WLEDs have been demonstrated with the phosphor YTaO4:Bi3+ and the 365 nm InGaN chips under different driving currents. Our findings make it possible for single phase white emitting phosphors activated by a single ion of Bi3+ for WLEDs, and also can inspire to develop WLED devices with high chromatic stability.
关键词： YTaO4:Bi3+,ultraviolet excitation,chromatic stability,white light emitting diodes,phosphor
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT) - Guangzhou, China (2019.5.19-2019.5.22)] 2019 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT) - A Waveguide Bandpass Filter with High Selectivity Using Slot Excitation
摘要： Under the excitation of a pair of shifted inclined slots, TE101, TE011 and TM110 modes in a single rectangular cavity are excited, and exploited to form a passband of bandpass filter (BPF). The pair of slots are fed through microstrip lines at the input and output port. Based on the single triple-mode rectangular cavity, a dual-cavity BPF is designed, fabricated and measured to enhance the selectivity of filter by cascading two single ones. The BPF could achieve about 32 MHz bandwidth at center frequency of 2.98 GHz, and two transmission zeros (TZs) at 2.925 and 3.005 GHz, leading to the suppression outside passband larger than 50 dB in the vicinity of center frequency.
关键词： Waveguide,Slot Excitation,High Selectivity,Bandpass Filter
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Procedure to build a signal transfer set, independent of the target analytes, between a portable fluorimeter based on light-emitting diodes and a master fluorimeter
摘要： The need of performing “in situ” analytical determinations together with the availability of high-power deep UV-LEDs have led to the use of fluorescence spectroscopy. However, it is necessary to register excitation-emission matrices (EEM) to obtain three-way data which can be decomposed using parallel factor analysis for enabling the unequivocal identification of the analytes. In this context, the feasibility of transferring EEM between a portable fluorimeter based on LEDs and a master fluorimeter based on a xenon source has been recently reported without losing analytical quality. To build the transfer function, the signals of the same N samples must be recorded in the portable and in the master fluorimeter. In literature, these samples always contained the target analytes so the EEM signal transfer methodology is very limited in practice. Therefore, the challenge is to search for a set of samples whose EEM enable to perform the signal transfer without previously knowing the target analytes. The aim of this work is the design of a procedure to build N mixtures of P fluorophores so the N EEM would be optimal for the signal transfer. Five criteria have been defined a priori to identify the quality of a transfer set made up of N EEM. Then, a procedure has been designed to obtain the n mixtures of the P fluorophores “in silico” using the Pareto front of the optimal solutions and a desirability function to choose the desired N EEM. The procedure has been used to find five mixtures of the three chosen fluorophores for the signal transfer (coumarin 120, DL-Tyrosine and DL-Tryptophan) which are chemically different from the analytes of interest (enrofloxacin and flumequine) and are contained in a different matrix. These two analytes are antibiotics which have maximum residue limits set in the EU legislation in force. The correlation coefficients between the experimental reference spectra and the PARAFAC spectral loadings of the data registered with the master fluorimeter were greater than or equal to 0.999 in all cases. On the other hand, the correlation coefficients obtained with the portable fluorimeter ranged from 0.900 to 0.950 once the procedure was applied to the two antibiotics. Therefore, the unequivocal identification of the analytes was ensured.
关键词： Excitation-emission fluorescence,Desirability function,Pareto front,PARAFAC,Signal transfer,Portable fluorimeter
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57