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Translating chemometric analysis into physiological insights from in vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy of the human stratum corneum
摘要： The superficial layer of the skin, the stratum corneum (SC), consists of corneocytes surrounded by lipid regions and acts as a protective barrier for the body against water loss, toxic agents and microorganisms. As most substances permeate the stratum corneum through the lipid regions, lipid organization is considered crucial for the skin barrier function. Here, we investigate the potential of in vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy to describe the composition and organization of the SC. Confocal Raman spectroscopy is finding increasing use in the characterization of skin in biomedical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications. In this work, we analyze the spectra using chemometric methods and obtain principal components that correspond to the primary skin constituents: protein (keratin), natural moisturizing factor (NMF), water and lipid contributions in both ordered (orthorhombic) and disordered structural organization. By identifying these important components of the SC, these results highlight the utility of this in vivo, non-invasive, and depth resolved tool at the forefront of skin research.
关键词： Skin barrier,Natural moisturizing factor,Multivariate curve resolution,Keratin,Lipid organization
更新于2025-11-14 15:16:37
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Formation of a keratin layer with silk fibroin-polyethylene glycol composite hydrogel fabricated by digital light processing 3D printing
摘要： Silk fibroin (SF)-incorporated 4-arm polyethylene glycol acrylate (PEG4A) was used as a bioink for digital light processing three-dimensional printing. A visible range of light was adopted for the process to assure the safety of the cells in the bioink. Fibroblast cells were embedded in the printed hydrogels, and the keratinocyte cells were cultured at the surfaces of the hydrogels. The proliferation of cells with the bioink materials, PEG4A and SF-PEG4A, and the toxicity of these materials, were verified by live/dead and alamarBlue assays. The primary human keratinocytes on the SF-PEG4A hydrogel scaffold generated a keratin layer by the tissue culture at the air-liquid interface, promoting maturation and stratification. SF-polyethylene glycol hydrogels showed higher cell proliferation and cell spreading, and the thicker keratin layer was formed with SF-PEG4A hydrogels compared with PEG4A hydrogels.
关键词： Digital light processing,Silk fibroin,3D printing,4-arm polyethylene glycol acrylate,Keratin
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Study of keratin hair of domestic cat under methionine and cystine experimental diet using FT-Raman spectroscopy
摘要： FT-Raman spectroscopy has been extensively used to study human keratotic biopolymers, such as skin, nail and hair, since the disulfide bonds of keratin protein is Raman-active vibrational mode. In this context, animal hair can also be evaluated by Raman spectroscopy, for the main protein is keratin. In this study, domestic cats were submitted to an experimental diet with different levels of methionine and cysteine; then their hair was evaluated by using FT-Raman spectroscopy on the first and on the last day of the diets. The results were compared with tensile rupture measurements. They showed that FT-Raman spectroscopy was able to monitor disulfide bonds (510 cm-1) and keratin protein conformation (amide I) in different sulfur amino acids levels, indicating that the levels above the minimum recommended were not efficient to improve the hair quality.
关键词： Raman spectroscopy,cat hair,cystine,keratin
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Keratin Film as Natural and Eco‐Friendly Support for Organic Optoelectronic Devices
摘要： This work describes the preparation of a novel substrate based on keratin extracted from wool and its application as potential support for solution-processed organic solar cells. Optically transparent, free-standing, and resistant keratin films are successfully prepared, starting from water solution, and characterized in terms of morphology, structure, thermal and mechanical properties. The effect of solvents and thermal annealing is also investigated in order to mimic and evaluate the impact of the processing conditions used for devices fabrication. Thermally annealed keratin films exhibit enhanced optical transparency (>87%) in the visible region of the spectrum, a transition from α-helix to β-sheet and turn structures, improved thermal stability and Young’s modulus. The good transparency, flatness, and resistance of as-cast substrates allow the successful preparation of organic solar cells. Photovoltaic performances similar to those reported for other natural/biobased supports are achieved, confirming the potential of keratin film as an alternative and promising support material for eco-friendly, fully printable, sustainable, and inexpensive optoelectronic devices.
关键词： natural support,optoelectronic devices,eco-friendly systems,keratin film,solution processing
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Raman spectroscopic characterisation of photo-active keratin doped with Methylene Blue for wound dressings and tissue engineering
摘要： BACKGROUND: The design of wound dressings with extraordinary functionalities that fully address the problem of wound healing is an ambitious challenge in biomedical ?eld. Keratin is a protein most abundant in nature, being the major component of wool, feather, hair, etc., with promising applications in biomedical and regenerative medicine ?elds. A high level of antibacterial functionality is another desirable property for applications in biomedical ?eld in response to the increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics. One of the emerging methods of disinfection and sterilization is the antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT), which uses light combined to a photosensitizer and oxygen to produce phototoxic species. OBJECTIVE: Biomatrices (photo-active keratin) made of wool keratin functionalized with methylene blue, a powerful photo-sensitizer, have been developed and tested as systems that combine the bioactive properties with the antimicrobial photodynamic functionality. METHODS: The biomatrix resistance to photo-degradation and the formation of reactive oxygen species were evaluated by spectroscopic methods, whereas the antibacterial properties were tested towards gram-positive bacteria. RESULTS: The Raman analysis revealed that speci?c damages occur at sensitive amino acid sites, selectively, rather than indiscriminately. However, keratin resulted to be a suitable biomaterial for APDT, since it has enough resistance to photo-degradation and the radical-induced oxidation is not able to induce strong structural changes in the protein. CONCLUSIONS: The results clearly indicate the potential use of these novel photo-active keratin biomatrices in wound dressing and tissue engineering.
关键词： reactive oxygen species,Raman spectroscopy,antimicrobial photodynamic activity,Keratin
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36