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Bulk luminescent solar concentrators based on organic-inorganic CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite fluorophores
摘要： In this paper, we report characterization and performance results of lead bromide perovskite luminescent solar concentrator. CH3NH3PbBr3 fluorophores are synthesized by sonication method and examined by their X-ray diffraction pattern and scanning electron microscopy. Synthesized perovskite shows excitonic absorption at 524 nm and PL emission peak located at 532 nm with a Stokes shift around 8 nm. Micron-sized fluorophores are dissolved in prepared solutions and uniformly embedded in PMMA host with 0.006–0.120%wt concentration. Then, Fabricated devices are cut into 50 × 30 × 5 mm cuboid shapes and placed in a mirror surrounded configuration with an attached photovoltaic cell. Fabricated device is put under standard AM1.5 illumination and the output spectrum from the concentrator is acquired. Re-absorption in the samples is also measured by variable optical path method, showing red-shifts up to 13 nm in the output spectrum. Spatially resolved photo-luminescence maps and optical efficiencies are also presented for each sample. Plus, a Monte-Carlo ray tracing algorithm is developed to assist better understanding the experimental results. Stability of fabricated samples are evaluated under high intensity UV illumination, reporting efficiency reduction around 15% after 24 h. Finally, Comparing current-voltage characterization of the attached photovoltaic cell reveals optimized efficiency enhancement in the 0.04%wt sample above 65%.
关键词： Perovskites,Monte-Carlo simulation,Re-absorption,Luminescent solar concentrators,Photovoltaic conversion efficiency,Solar cells
更新于2025-11-14 15:30:11
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Sustainable Liquid Luminescent Solar Concentrators
摘要： Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are photovoltaic (PV) complementary devices to overcome the mismatch between the Si-based PV cells, response and the solar spectrum, allowing PV urban integration. Challenges for the luminescent layer include the use of abundant and sustainable natural organic molecules. Here, LSCs composed of a glass container and based on bundles of cylindrical hollow-core plastic optical fibers filled with aqueous solutions of R-phycoerythrin (R-PE), extracted from Gracilaria sp. algae are presented. The R-PE solutions absorb in the UV/visible spectral range (300–550 nm) and convert this radiation into red-emission (550–700 nm) with a maximum absolute quantum yield of ≈0.39. In this work, LSCs with distinct geometries are reported, in which the R-PE emission yields optical conversion efficiency values up to ≈6.88% and ≈4.74% for a planar device and for a bundle of cylindrical LSCs, respectively, which are the largest values known for liquid-based LCSs using sustainable emitting centres. Moreover, the coupling of the LSCs to commercial Si-based PV devices yields power conversion efficiency values of ≈0.27% (planar) and ≈23.03 × 10?3%, (bundle). These values illustrate the potential of this approach for the development of natural-based LSCs meeting the requirements of reliable, sustainable, and competitive energy systems.
关键词： sustainability,organic–inorganic hybrids,luminescent solar concentrators,R-phycoerythrin,natural optically active center,bundles
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Impact of Stokes Shift on the Performance of Near-Infrared Harvesting Transparent Luminescent Solar Concentrators
摘要： Visibly transparent luminescent solar concentrators (TLSC) have the potential to turn existing infrastructures into net-zero-energy buildings. However, the reabsorption loss currently limits the device performance and scalability. This loss is typically defined by the Stokes shift between the absorption and emission spectra of luminophores. In this work, the Stokes shifts (SS) of near-infrared selective-harvesting cyanines are altered by substitution of the central methine carbon with dialkylamines. We demonstrate varying SS with values over 80 nm and ideal infrared-visible absorption cutoffs. The corresponding TLSC with such modification shows a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.4% for a >25 cm2 device area with excellent visible transparency >80% and up to 0.6% PCE over smaller areas. However, experiments and simulations show that it is not the Stokes shift that is critical, but the total degree of overlap that depends on the shape of the absorption tails. We show with a series of SS-modulated cyanine dyes that the SS is not necessarily correlated to improvements in performance or scalability. Accordingly, we define a new parameter, the overlap integral, to sensitively correlate reabsorption losses in any LSC. In deriving this parameter, new approaches to improve the scalability and performance are discussed to fully optimize TLSC designs to enhance commercialization efforts.
关键词： transparent luminescent solar concentrators,overlap integral,reabsorption loss,Stokes shift,near-infrared harvesting
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Luminescent Solar Concentrators Based on Renewable Polyester Matrices
摘要： This study reports for the first time the use of bio-based alternatives for PMMA as host matrix for luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). Notably, two types of renewable polyesters were synthesized in varying molar ratios via a two-step melt-polycondensation reaction with dibutyl tin oxide as catalyst. The first is a homopolymer of diethyl 2,3:4,5-di-O-methylene galactarate (GxMe) and isosorbide (IGPn), and the second is a random copolymer of GxMe with 1,3-propanediol and dimethyl terephthalate (GTPn). The two polyesters were found to be optically transparent, totally amorphous with a Tg higher than 45 8C and temperature resistance comparable to PMMA. Lumogen Red (LR) and an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorophore, TPETPAFN, were utilized as fluorophores and the derived thin polymer films (25 mm) were found highly homogeneous, especially for those prepared from GTPn, possibly due to the presence of compatibilizing terephthalate units in the matrix composition and the higher molecular weight. The spectroscopic characterization and the optical efficiency determination (hopt) evidenced LSCs performances similar or superior to those collected from LR/PMMA thin films. Noteworthy, hopt of 7.7 % and 7.1 % were recorded for the GTPn-based matrix containing LR and TPETPAFN, respectively, thus definitely supporting the bio-based polyesters as renewable and highly high-performance LSCs.
关键词： luminescent solar concentrators,renewable host matrices,aggregation-induced emission,fluorophores,polyesters
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Rational design of colloidal core/shell quantum dots for optoelectronic applications
摘要： Colloidal core/shell quantum dots (QDs) are promising for solar technologies because of their excellent optoelectronic properties including tunable light absorption/emission spectra, high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), suppressed Auger recombination, efficient charge separation/transfer and outstanding photo-, thermal-/chemical stability. In this review, engineered core/shell QDs with various types of band structures and corresponding device performance in luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), solar-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) devices and QDs-sensitized solar cells (QDSCs) are summarized. In particular, the applications of interfacial layer engineering and eco-friendly, heavy metal-free core/shell QDs in optoelectronic device are highlighted. Finally, strategies towards the developments and practical perspectives of core/shell QDs are briefly mentioned to offer guidelines for achieving prospective high-efficiency and long-term stable QD devices.
关键词： Core/shell quantum dots,Photoelectrochemical cells,Light-emitting diodes,Solar cells,Luminescent solar concentrators
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Solar spectral conversion based on plastic films of lanthanide-doped ionosilicas for photovoltaics: down-shifting layers and luminescent solar concentrators
摘要： The mismatch between the photovoltaic (PV) cells absorption and the solar irradiance on earth is one of the major limitations towards more efficient PV energy conversion. This aspect was addressed by down-shifting the solar irradiance on Earth through luminescent down-shifting layers based on lanthanide-doped surface-functionalized ionosilicas (ISs) embedded in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) coated on the surface of commercial Si-based PV cells. The IS-PMMA hybrid materials exhibit efficient solar radiation harvesting (spectral overlap of ~ 9.5· 1019 photons/(s· m)) and conversion (quantum yield ~ 52%). The direct solar radiation and the down-shifted radiation are partially guided and lost through total internal reflection to the layer edges being unavailable for PV conversion of the coated PV cell. By tuning the down-shifting layer thickness, it also acts as luminescent solar concentrator enabling the collection of the guided radiation by flexible PV cells applied on the borders of the down-shifting layer leading to an enhancement of the PV energy conversion from ~ 5% (in the case of the single-use of the luminescent down-shifting layer) to ~ 13% comparing to the bare PV cell. The overall electrical output of the device resulted in an absolute external quantum efficiency increase of ~32% for the optimized Eu3+-based films in the UV spectral region (compared with the bare PV device, which is among the best values reported so far).
关键词： silicon photovoltaic cells,photovoltaics,ionosilicas,lanthanides,luminescent solar concentrators,down-shifting layers
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Luminescent solar concentrators based on melt-spun polymer optical fibers
摘要： Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) collect incoming sunlight and direct it to a smaller-area photovoltaic cell. In the presented work, form factor and illumination angle-dependent performance of LSCs consisting of bi-component melt-spun fibers is demonstrated. Three thermoplastic polymers act as dispersing host material for the luminescent dye Lumogen Red 305 (LR305). Molecular dynamics simulations provide numerical access to Hildebrand solubility parameters, which are an estimate for the mixing compatibility of dye with polymer matrix. Actual emission intensity measurements from material samples are compared to Monte Carlo ray tracing simulations. Some samples show an increased absorption, which led to the hypothesis that there exist optically passive dye aggregates if the dispersion is not optimal. The best-performing polymer/dye pair is identified and used to melt-spin fibers. Geometrically defined bundles of LSC fibers are studied in a scenario of white light illumination and variation of illumination-angle. This experiment simulates a theoretical daily course-of-sun illumination in absence of atmospheric effects. We report optical conversion efficiencies of the prepared LSCs between 2% and 15%, depending on illumination angle and bundle geometry.
关键词： Polymer optical fibers,Melt spinning,Energy harvesting,Luminescent solar concentrators
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Spectral converters for photovoltaics – What’s ahead
摘要： The effective incorporation of photovoltaic (PV) elements into the urban environment, specifically in buildings, is a challenging process. Apart from the aesthetic limitations of having black and opaque PV cells when installed in building fa?ades, they are not optimally positioned for high-efficiency electric energy generation because of shadowing effects due to neighboring trees and buildings. Emphasis is given to luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) that have emerged as an appealing solution for concentrating a large area of sunlight into a small beam of high field intensity. The coupling of PV cells to the edges of LSCs also presents an exciting strategy to PV urban integration. Here, we outline the mechanistic framework for LSCs, review the current experimental state of the art involving optically active centers in various geometrical device configurations, and discuss the performance quantification of LSCs currently in development. For the sake of completeness, a brief discussion of the other spectral converters suitable for PV applications is also reported.
关键词： solar energy,photovoltaic,spectral converters,luminescent solar concentrators,urban integration
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering || Application of Luminescence Spectroscopy in New Materials for Solar Energy Utilization
摘要： The most important problems of our age are the search of new energy sources and the ways to decrease the pollution from organic fuels. Solar energy could provide a partial solution to the problem. If luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) will be applied to the existing and modern buildings a part of the problem could be solved. In the following I describe the principle of LSCs and the ways by which their efficiency can be achieved.
关键词： Luminescence Spectroscopy,Solar Energy,Lanthanides,New Materials,Luminescent Solar Concentrators,Surface Plasmons
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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Quantum Cutting Luminescent Solar Concentrators Using Ytterbium Doped Perovskite Nanocrystals
摘要： We introduce and demonstrate the concept of quantum-cutting luminescent solar concentrators (QC-LSCs) using Yb3+-doped perovskite nanocrystals. These NCs feature a photoluminescence quantum yield approaching 200% and virtually zero self-absorption loss of PL photons, defining a new upper limit of 150% for the internal optical efficiency (ηint) of LSCs that is almost independent of LSC sizes. An unoptimized 25 cm2 QC-LSC fabricated from Yb3+-doped CsPbCl3 NCs already displayed an ηint of 118.1±6.7% that is 2-fold higher than previous records using Mn2+-doped quantum dots (QDs). If using CsPbClxBr3-x NCs capable of absorbing ~7.6% of solar photons, the projected external optical efficiency (ηext) of QC-LSCs can exceed 10% for >100 cm2 devices which still remains a big challenge in the field. The advantage of QC-LSCs over conventional QD-LSCs becomes especially obvious with increasing LSC sizes, which is predicted to exhibit more than 4-fold efficiency enhancement in the case of window size (1 m2) devices.
关键词： Luminescent solar concentrators,Solar energy,Doped nanocrystals,Quantum cutting,Ytterbium doping
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14