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Mesoporous NiCo2O4 network constructed from ultrathin-mesoporous nanosheets as high performance electrocatalyst in dye sensitized solar cell
摘要： Three-dimensional (3D) mesoporous network provides favorable structural features for ion diffusion, electroactive sites and contact with electrolyte, but fabricating the 3D networks of transition metal oxides is still challenging. Based upon template-free method, NiCo2O4 network constructed from ultrathin mesoporous nanosheets (NiCo2O4 MNN) was designed and synthesized. NiCo2O4 nanosheets (~5 nm of thickness, 2~5 nm of pore diameters) are highly interlaced with each other to form a 3D network and create porous nanostructure. Benefiting from the specific structural advantages, NiCo2O4 MNN delivers superior electrocatalytic performance as counter electrode (CE) in dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC), with a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.05 % than Pt electrode (7.32 %). We believe that this research will open a new avenue for the design and development of efficient and cost-effective metal oxides electrocatalysts in DSSC.
关键词： electrocatalytic performance,mesoporous network,ultrathin-mesoporous nanosheets,NiCo2O4,template-free synthesis
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Triple stimuli-responsive ZnO quantum dots-conjugated hollow mesoporous carbon nanoplatform for NIR-induced dual model antitumor therapy
摘要： Aiming at the inef?ciency and toxicity in traditional antitumor therapy, a novel multifunctional nanoplat-form was constructed based on hollow mesoporous carbon (HMC) to achieve triple stimuli response and dual model antitumor therapy via chemo-photothermal synergistic effect. HMC was used as an ideal nanovehicle with a high drug loading ef?ciency as well as a near-infrared (NIR) photothermal conversion agent for photothermal therapy. Acid-dissoluble, luminescent ZnO quantum dots (QDs) were used as the proper sealing agents for the mesopores of HMC, conjugated to HMC via disul?de linkage to prevent drug (doxorubicin, abbreviated as Dox) premature release from Dox/HMC-SS-ZnO. After cellular endocytosis, the Dox was released in a pH, GSH and NIR laser triple stimuli-responsive manner to realize accurate drug delivery. Moreover, the local hyperthermia effect induced by NIR irradiation could promote the drug release, enhance cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents, and also directly kill cancer cells. As expected, Dox/HMC-SS-ZnO exhibited a high drug loading capacity of 43%, well response to triple stimuli and excellent photothermal conversion ef?ciency g of 29.7%. The therapeutic ef?cacy in 4T1 cells and multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs) demonstrated that Dox/HMC-SS-ZnO + NIR had satisfactory chemo-photothermal synergistic effect with a combination index (CI) of 0.532. The cell apoptosis rate of the combined treatment group was more than 95%. The biodistribution and pharmacodynamics studies showed its biosecurity to normal tissues and synergistic inhibition effect to tumor cells. These distinguished results indicated that the Dox/HMC-SS-ZnO nanoplatform is potential to realize ef?cient triple stimuli-responsive drug delivery and dual model chemo-photothermal synergistic antitumor therapy.
关键词： Chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy,Triple stimuli-responsive,Hollow mesoporous carbon nanoparticles,TEM-EDX mapping,ZnO quantum dots
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Facile graft copolymer template synthesis of mesoporous polymeric metal-organic frameworks to produce mesoporous TiO2: Promising platforms for photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications
摘要： Mesoporous polymeric metal-organic frameworks (mesoporous polymeric MOFs) are prepared on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate using hydrophilic terephthalic acid as the ligands, titanium isopropoxide as polymeric MOF precursors, and amphiphilic graft copolymers (i.e., poly(vinyl chloride)-graft-poly(oxyethylene methacrylate) (PVC-g-POEM) as structure-directing agents. The hydrophilic POEM chains in amphiphilic graft copolymers interact with the hydrophilic ligands and polymeric MOF precursors. Following thermal treatment at 500 °C, mesoporous polymeric MOFs are transformed to mesoporous TiO2 with high specific surface area and crystallinity, suitable for photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications. Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSSCs) and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) fabricated with mesoporous TiO2 photoanodes have efficiencies of 7.45 and 8.43 % at 100 mW/cm2, which is much higher than that of ssDSSCs and DSSCs with photoanodes of conventional TiO2 (5.36 and 7.14 %), respectively. The enhanced efficiency is attributed to good interconnectivity, larger surface area, and high porosity of the mesoporous TiO2, which results in suppressed interfacial charge recombination loss, enhanced electron transport, increased dye loading, and facilitated penetration of the electrolytes. Mesoporous TiO2 shows excellent activity as a photocatalyst for the degradation of humic acid under UV light irradiation.
关键词： Photocatalyst,Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC),Metal-organic framework (MOF),Graft copolymer,Titanium dioxide (TiO2),Polymerized ionic liquid,Mesoporous
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Supramolecular electrostatic self-assembly of mesoporous thin-walled graphitic carbon nitride microtubes for highly efficient visible-light photocatalytic activities
摘要： For efficient solar energy conversion, the morphology engineering of hollow graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is one of the promising approachs benefiting from abundant exposed active sites and short photocarrier transport distances, but is difficult to control on account of easy structural collapse. Herein, a facile supramolecular electrostatic self-assembly strategy has been developed for the first time to fabricate mesoporous thin-walled g-C3N4 microtubes (mtw-CNT) with shell thickness of ca. 13 nm. The morphological control of g-C3N4 enhances specific surface area by 12 times, induces stronger optical absorption, widens bandgap by 0.18 eV, improves photocurrent density by 2.5 times, and prolongs lifetimes of charge carriers from bulk to surface, compared with those of bulk g-C3N4. As a consequence, the transformed g-C3N4 exhibits the optimum photocatalytic H2-production rate of 3.99 mmol·h?1·g?1 (λ > 420 nm) with remarkable apparent quantum efficiency of 8.7% (λ = 420 ± 15 nm) and long-term stability. Moreover, mtw-CNT also achieves high photocatalytic CO2-to-CO selectivity of 96% (λ > 420 nm), much better than those on the most previously reported porous g-C3N4 photocatalysts prepared by the conventional hard-templating and soft-templating methods.
关键词： Thin wall,Photocatalysis,Graphitic carbon nitride,H2 production,Mesoporous microtube,CO2 reduction
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Stability Improvement and Performance Reproducibility Enhancement of Perovskite Solar Cells Following (FA/MA/Cs) PbI3-xBrx/(CH3)3SPbI3 Dimensionality Engineering
摘要： Mixed halide hybrid perovskites are strong candidates for fabrication of efficient, stable and reproducible perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To restrain intrinsic volatility and ionic migration effects, we report for the first time a dimensionality engineering approach consisting of a (FA/MA/Cs) PbI3-xBrx/(CH3)3SPbI3 (3D/1D) perovskite bilayer architecture, fabricated exclusively with solution processes. XRPD analysis showed no degradation of the 3D/1D composite structure after more than one month of exposure in ambient conditions, in contrast to the reference 3D samples (sole (FA/MA/Cs) PbI3-xBrx) which gradually decomposed to PbI2. The 3D/1D bilayer structure further optimizes the corresponding absorber/hole transporting layer (HTL) interface of the PSCs, since the (FA/MA/Cs) PbI3-xBrx perovskite layer acts as the primary absorber and the (CH3)3SPbI3 top layer plays the role of a barrier against ionic migration/charge carrier recombination. The latter leads to significant stability improvement for non-sealed devices both under ambient conditions and after light stress, underscoring the potential of interface engineering for developing highly efficient and stable PSCs based on functional 3D/1D perovskite bilayers.
关键词： mesoporous architecture,dimensionality engineering,perovskite solar cells,stability and reproducibility,3D/1D absorber
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Enhanced Lifetime and Photostability with Low-temperature Mesoporous ZnTiO3/Compact SnO2 Electrodes in Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Perovskite solar cells (PSC) which have exceeded power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 25% are mainly demonstrated by using SnO2 or TiO2 as electron-transporting layers (ETLs). However, high-performance planar PSCs need precise process, which is difficult for large-scale production. Mesoporous structure shows better operability but with high-temperature process. Besides, as the most used mesoporous materials, the strong photocatalytic effect of TiO2 significantly limits the practical stability of PSCs under illumination (including ultraviolet light). Here we propose Zinc Titanate (ZnTiO3, ZTO) as mesoporous ETLs due to its weak photo-effect, excellent carrier extraction and transfer properties. Uniform mesoporous films were obtained by spinning coating the ZTO ink and annealed below 150°C. Photovoltaic devices based on Cs0.05FA0.81MA0.14PbI2.55Br0.45 perovskite sandwiched between SnO2-mesorporous ZTO electrode and Spiro-OMeTAD layer achieved the PCE of 20.5%. The PSCs retained more than 95% of their original efficiency after 100 days lifetime test without being encapsulated. Additionally, the PSCs retained over 95% of the initial performance when subjected at the maximum power point voltage for 120 h under AM 1.5G illumination (100 mW cm-2), demonstrating superior working stability. The application of ZTO provides a better choice for ETLs of PSCs. Moreover, the low temperature deposition method of inorganic ETL furnishes a way of low power consumption, large-scale and flexible preparation of PSCs.
关键词： perovskite solar cell,photostability,ZTO,low-temperature,mesoporous ETL
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Mesoporous polydopamine with built-in plasmonic core: Traceable and NIR triggered delivery of functional proteins
摘要： Functional proteins are essential for the regulation of cellular behaviors and have found growing therapeutic uses. However, low bioavailability of active proteins to their intracellular targets has been a long-standing challenge to achieve their full potential for cell reprogramming and disease treatment. Here we report mesoporous polydopamine (mPDA) with a built-in plasmonic nanoparticle core as a multifunctional protein delivery system. The mPDA with a unique combination of large surface area, metal-chelating property, and broad-spectrum photothermal transduction allows efficient loading and near-infrared light-triggered release of functional proteins, while the plasmonic core serves as a photostable tracer and fluorescence quencher, collectively leading to real-time monitoring and active cytosolic release of model proteins. In particular, controlled delivery of cytotoxic ribonuclease A has shown excellent performance in in-vivo cancer therapy. The possibility of coating mPDA on a broad range of functional cores, thanks to its universal adhesion, provides opportunities for developing tailored delivery carriers of biologics to overcome intrinsic biological barriers.
关键词： cancer therapy,photothermal-responsive,traceable protein delivery,plasmonic nanostructures,mesoporous polydopamine
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Efficiency Enhancement of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Tia??Nb Alloy Photoanodes with Mesoporous Oxide Surface
摘要： A native mesoporous titanium-niobium oxides layer on a Ti-6wt%Nb alloy sheet surface prepared through H2O2 pretreatment was successfully developed as an ef?cient photoanode for a dye-sensitized cell (DCCS). This alloyed mesoporous structure not only provided an increased surface area in contact with screen-printed TiO2 nanoparticles but also enabled Nb alloying in sintered nanoparticle deposits. Improvement of energy conversion ef?ciency of DSSCs can be increased up to 22% using H2O2 pretreatments with a proper post-annealing, and the mesoporous Ti–Nb photoanodes enhanced conversion ef?ciency by 15.2% to 18.3%, compared with unalloyed structures. EIS results under dark current indicate that DSSCs with mesoporous Ti–Nb photoanode exhibited a greater inhibition of recombination of electrons and holes at the interfaces of Nb-doped TiO2/dye/electrolyte layer due to energy barriers.
关键词： Efficiency enhancement,Mesoporous oxide surface,Ti–Nb alloy,Photoanodes,Dye-sensitized solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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One-step fabrication of TiO2/graphene hybrid mesoporous film with enhanced photocatalytic activity and photovoltaic performance
摘要： We synthesized a mesoporous film based on TiO2–reduced graphene oxide (RGO) hybrids using a one-step vapor-thermal method without the need for an additional annealing process. The vapor-thermally prepared TiO2-graphene hybrid (VTH) features unique structures with an ultra-large specific surface area of ~260 m2 g?1 and low aggregation, giving rise to enhanced light harvesting and increased charge generation and separation efficiency. It was observed that a mesoporous film with uniform pore distribution is simultaneously obtained during the VTH growth process. When a 5.0 wt% RGO VTH film was used as the active layer in photocatalysis, the highest photocatalytic activity for degradation of methyl orange was achieved. For another, when a 0.75 wt% RGO VTH film was used as the photoanode in a dye-sensitized solar cell, the power conversion efficiency reached 7.58%, which represents an increase of 73.1% compared to a solar cell using an a photoanode of pure TiO2 synthesized by a traditional solvothermal method. It is expected that this facile method for the synthesis of TiO2/graphene hybrid mesoporous films will be useful in practical applications for preparing other metal oxide/graphene hybrids with ultra-high photocatalytic activity and photovoltaic performance.
关键词： TiO2-graphene hybrid,Mesoporous film,Photoanode,Catalytic activity,Vapor-thermal method
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Plasmonic mesoporous core-shell Ag-Au@TiO2 photoanodes for efficient light harvesting in dye sensitized solar cells
摘要： In this study, plasmonic mesoporous core-shell Ag-Au@TiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized by seed-mediated growth of Ag shell onto Au decorated TiO2 and utilized as photoanodes to enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of dye-sensitized solar cells. The enhanced preserved mesoporous characteristics of photoanodes, together with strong metal-dielectric interfacial interaction between Ag-Au shell, remarkably improved electron transfer ability onto TiO2, which caused to the enhancement of the light harvesting (η = 7.41% using Ag-Au@TiO2) 125% higher than bare TiO2 (η = 5.91%). These superior PCE value was mainly due to the shifting of the Fermi level close to the TiO2 conduction band thanks to the broad band localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties between Ag-Au and TiO2 interfaces. The significant outperforming in enhanced solar to electrical energy conversion efficiency using low amount of Ag-Au@TiO2 photoanode (0.0125 wt%) demonstrated a relative low-cost solar device from the economic perspective of renewable energy fabrication resources.
关键词： Metal core-shell nanoparticles,Mesoporous structures,Plasmonic TiO2,Dye-sensitized solar cells,Localized surface plasmon resonance
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59