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Development of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer/graphene oxide nanocomposites for crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules
摘要： Renewable sources of energy, such as solar cells, stand out as promising sustainable alternatives, given the growing world energy demand. The crystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) modules are the most used in the conversion of solar energy into electricity. These modules are subject to weather conditions that may cause degradation of the ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) encapsulant (cross-linked EVA copolymer), affecting the efficiency, stability and service life of the PV conversion. In this work, the development of an encapsulant was performed, based on the addition of graphene oxide (GO) to EVA encapsulant forming the nanocomposite (EVA/GO), in order to improve the stabilization against photodegradation. Nanocomposites with GO concentrations wt. %: 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0% and 2.0% were characterized by: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy by attenuated total reflectance (ATR-FTIR) thermogravimetry (TG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), before and after they underwent accelerated aging processes in Weather-Ometer and UVB rays chambers. In general, the addition of GO minimized EVA encapsulant degradation. Only the encapsulant with GO concentration of 0.25 wt% was shown as promising for photovoltaic modules, since the transparency of the films with higher concentrations was impaired.
关键词： Aging,Durability,Thermal analysis,Photovoltaic encapsulant,EVA/GO nanocomposite,Infrared spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Insights into Ultrashort Laser-Driven Au:TiO <sub/>2</sub> Nanocomposite Formation
摘要： Modern methods of laser-based nanocomposite fabrication and treatment rely on a deep understanding of the interplay between a set of mechanisms involved, such as nanoparticle growth and decay, material phase transformation, degradation and damage. In this work, scanning multi-pulse femtosecond laser irradiation is used for Au : T iO2 nanocomposite formation. Depending on laser scan speed two di?erent regimes are observed revealing di?erent gold nanoparticle growth rates. The regime of the remarkably fast laser-induced growth of Au nanoparticles is found to be accompanied by the cavity formation in titania ?lm around the particles. The transition between two formation regimes is found to be abrupt con?rming the catastrophic mechanism of Au nanoparticle growth. The obtained results are analyzed based on the developed numerical model including e?ects such as nanoparticle absorption, local ?eld enhancement, photo-induced free carrier generation, plasmon-assisted electron emission, and thermal heat transfer from nanoparticles towards titania matrix. Our modeling reveals the crucial role of collective thermoplasmonic e?ects caused namely by bimodal nanoparticle size distribution. The performed analysis also suggests that spall in solid state is responsible for ?nal matrix degradation if nanoparticles become large enough. The considered laser-based formation of optical nanocomposites is crucial not only for the better understanding of ultra-short laser interactions with glass-metallic nanocomposite materials, but also for numerous applications in photocatalysts, solar cells, and chemo-sensors.
关键词： femtosecond laser,nanocomposite,thermoplasmonic effects,nanoparticle growth,Au:TiO2
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Mechanically Robust and Broadband Blackbody Composite Films Based on Self-Assembled Layered Structures
摘要： Inspired by nacre that is mechanically strong and versatile in light manipulation, large-scale black films with a nacre-like microstructure and carbon nanotubes inclusion were prepared using a facile self-assembly technique. Layered structure promoted blackness and toughness were simultaneously realized, affording robust films with solar–absorptivity as high as 96.9%. Our design strategy and fabrication process will be beneficial for the facile access to various advanced blackbody coatings.
关键词： vacuum-assisted self-assembly,layered structure,mechanical property,blackbody,polymer nanocomposite
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Laser-induced graphene hybrid photoelectrode for enhanced photoelectrochemical detection of glucose
摘要： The combination of electrocatalyst with semiconductor light-absorber is of great importance to increase the efficiency of photoelectrochemical (PEC) glucose detection. Here, in-situ and synchronous fabrication of Ni-based electrocatalyst (NiEC) and CdS semiconductor in laser-induced graphene (LIG) on indium?tin oxide glass is demonstrated via a one-step laser-induced solid phase transition. A series of component and structural characterizations suggest that the laser-induced NiEC uniformly disperses in the hybrid nanocomposite and exists mainly in the form of Ni0 and NiO state. Moreover, both electrochemical and PEC investigations confirm that the as-prepared hybrid photoelectrode exhibits excellent photoelectrocatalytic ability towards glucose, which is not only attributed to the strong synergistic interaction between CdS and NiEC, but also benefited from the high conductivity as well as 3D macroporous configuration of the simultaneously formed LIG, providing the key factor to achieve sensitive non-enzymatic PEC glucose sensors. Therefore, the laser-induced hybrid photoelectrode is then applied to the PEC detection of glucose, and a low detection limit of 0.4 μM is obtained with good stability, reproducibility, and selectivity. This study provides a promising paradigm for the facile and binder-free fabrication of electrocatalyst?semiconductor?graphene hybrid photoelectrode, which will find potential applications in sensitive PEC biosensing for a broad range of analytes.
关键词： nickel electrocatalyst,hybrid nanocomposite,cadmium sulfide,photoelectrochemical sensing,laser-induced graphene,glucose
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Fabrication of raspberry-shaped reduced graphene oxide labelled Fe/CeO2 ternary heterojunction with an enhanced photocatalytic performance
摘要： Herein, we report a raspberry-shaped reduced graphene oxide labelled Fe-CeO2 ternary photocatalyst synthesized via simple hydrothermal method. In order to evaluate structural, morphological, elemental composition and optical properties, resultant photocatalysts were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), photoluminescence (PL) and UV–visible spectroscopy respectively. The photocatalytic efficiency of as-prepared ternary catalyst was investigated by the degradation of congo red dye (CR) in aqueous medium under UV light. The ternary Fe-CeO2/RGO nanocomposite show outstanding photocatalytic degradation performance. The co-ordination and synergistic effect between reduced graphene oxide sheets and redox system of the cerium (Ce4+/ Ce3+) along with iron (Fe3+/ Fe2+) are accountable for the excellent photocatalytic performance of Fe-CeO2/RGO nanocomposite. The reduced graphene oxide sheets and redox systems acts as a trapping sites for photogenerated electrons and thereby significantly reduced the recombination of charge carriers. Moreover, a good reusability and stability suggest that ternary material has a great ability in removal of organic pollutants. Further, this report may offer a new strategy to fabricate and design a material for energy and environmental remediation.
关键词： Raspberry-shaped Fe-CeO2/RGO nanocomposite,Congo red,Photocatalytic degradation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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An electrospun polymer composite with fullerene-multiwalled carbon nanotube exohedral complexes can act as memory device
摘要： Functional polymer nanocomposites with distinctive electrical properties made of nanocarbon structures and biodegradable polymers are promising materials for the development of flexible and eco-friendly smart systems. In this work, a novel electrospun conductive polymer nanocomposite made of polycaprolactone with an exohedral complex made of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and fullerene C60 was prepared and characterized. The preparation was straightforward and the complexes self-assembled within the nanocomposite fibers. The nanocomposite showed electrical switching behavior due to charge accumulation of fullerene C60 upon electrical stimulation. Write-once read-many memory devices were fabricated by electrospinning a nanocomposite with 0.8%wt. fullerene C60 onto interdigitated coplanar electrodes. The device retained the ON state for more than 60 days and could be thermally reset, reprogrammed and erased with subsequent electrical and thermal cycling. Moreover, the electrical resistance of the device could be modulated by applying different programming voltage amplitudes and programming times, which revealed its adaptive behavior and potential application to neuromorphic systems.
关键词： Polycaprolactone,Memristor,Conductive nanocomposite
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Lanthanide-based Nanocomposites for Photothermal Therapy under Near Infrared Laser: Relationship between Light and Heat, Bio-stability and Reaction Temperature
摘要： In this research, typical organic/inorganic photothermal therapy (PTT) agents were designed with combination of up-conversion luminescent (UCL) or NIR II imaging rare earth nanomaterials for photoacoustic (PA)/UCL/NIR II imaging-guided PTT under NIR laser irradiation. The results show that: (1) PTT effect mainly comes from NIR absorption and partly from the UCL light conversion. (2) The visible UCL emission is mainly quenched by the NIR absorption of the coated PTT agent and partly quenched by the visible absorption, indicating the excitation may play a more important role than in the UCL emission process. (3) The bio-stability of the composite might be decided by the synthesized reaction temperature. Among the five inorganic/organic nanocomposite, UCNP@MnO2 is the most suitable candidate for cancer diagnosis and treatment due to its stimuli-response ability to the micro-acid environment of tumor cells and highest bio-stability. The composites generate heat for PTT after entering the tumour cells, and then the visible light emission gradually regains as MnO2 is reduced to colorless Mn2+ ions, thereby illuminating the cancer cells after the therapy.
关键词： Photothermal therapy,Upconversion luminescence imaging,Mito-tracker,Photoacoustic imaging,Inorganic/organic nanocomposite
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Vertically Aligned Ag <sub/><i>x</i> </sub> Au <sub/> 1a?? <i>x</i> </sub> Alloyed Nanopillars Embedded in ZnO as Nanoengineered Low-Loss Hybrid Plasmonic Metamaterials
摘要： Hybrid plasmonic metamaterials offer a pathway to exotic properties and technologically important applications including subdiffraction imaging and plasmonic energy harvesting. Challenges remain towards practical application including high absorption losses of noble metals and tedious growth / fabrication processes. In this work, a self-assembled hybrid plasmonic metamaterial consisting of anisotropic AgxAu1-x alloy nanopillars embedded in a ZnO matrix has been successfully grown. Chemical composition of the nanoalloy was determined to be Ag61Au39. The microstructure and optical properties arising from ZnO-Ag61Au39 alloyed hybrid systems were investigated and compared with that of the ZnO-Ag particle-in-matrix nanocomposite and the ZnO-Au vertically aligned nanocomposite. ZnO-Ag61Au39 hybrid system demonstrates anisotropic morphology, excellent epitaxial quality, and enhanced optical properties including surface plasmon resonance, hyperbolic dispersion, low absorption losses, and numerous epsilon-near zero permittivity points, making it a promising candidate for practical applications of hybrid plasmonic metamaterials.
关键词： oxide-metal hybrid material,plasmonics,nanoalloy,metamaterials,vertically aligned nanocomposite
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A New Ag/AgBr/LaAlO3 Plasmonic Composite: Synthesis, Characterization, and Visible-Light Driven Photocatalytic Activity
摘要： In recent years, fabricating the visible-light induced photocatalysts based on the concept of plasmonic photocatalysis provides an efficient way to reduce environmental pollution. Accordingly, the present investigation has been carried out to develop such materials based on lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO3; LAO) and Ag/AgBr. The Ag/AgBr/LAO composite is prepared by deposition of metallic Ag nanoparticles onto the pre-prepared AgBr/LAO heterostructure by visible-light photo-reduction. The characteristic properties of synthesized catalysts were investigated by using a variety of techniques such as XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption, FESEM/EDX/EDS mapping, TEM-HRTEM, UV–Vis DRS, FT-IR, XPS, and PL measurements. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) was used as a probe reaction to evaluate their photocatalytic activity under visible-light irradiation. Because of the higher surface area with vast mesoporous nature, enhanced visible light absorption, and more efficient charge separation after the deposition of Ag/AgBr, the composite Ag/AgBr/LAO showed enhanced photocatalytic activity compared with pristine LAO. The recycling experiment revealed excellent stability (up to five successive cycles) of Ag/AgBr/LAO composite. Furthermore, a photocatalytic mechanism is proposed for the degradation of MB over Ag/AgBr/LAO composite. The composite Ag/AgBr/LAO can be used as a promising catalyst for environmental remediation.
关键词： charge separation,methylene blue,Ag/AgBr,plasmonic Ag nanoparticles,nanocomposite,LaAlO3
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Rice–Bernasconi Gorkov–Eliashberg Effect of Giant Dielectric Permittivity in Silica-Based Films Containing Interrupted Silver Nanowires
摘要： Silver nanowires of diameter * 5 nm were grown within thick ?lms (0.6 lm thickness) of sol–gel-derived xAg2O(1 - x)SiO2; x having values of 30 and 40, respectively, by an electrodeposition method. By applying suitable voltage pulses to the composites, interrupted silver nanowires were produced with lengths having values in the range 4000–5000 nm. The samples exhibited dielectric constant with values of the order of 105 and a low dielectric loss (* 0.01). The dielectric constant values calculated by using Rice–Bernasconi model which originated from Gorkov–Eliashberg theory of metallic nanoparticles were in satisfactory agreement with the experimental results. The present work not only provides strong evidence for the basis of Rice–Bernasconi model but also opens up a simple method to synthesize high dielectric constant materials which will be useful in fabricating devices for very large-scale integration applications, among others.
关键词： Interrupted silver nanowires,Electrodeposition,Nanocomposite,Rice–Bernasconi model
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57