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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP) - Singapore, Singapore (2019.8.28-2019.8.30)] 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP) - A Milimeter Scale Long Waveguide Grating Antanna with High Directionality for Optical Phased Array
摘要： We propose a highly directional millimeter-scale waveguide grating antenna (WGA). The directionality is close to 90% while the length of the WGA is longer than 4 mm. And the large critical dimension of this structure moderates the fabrication process.
关键词： optical phased array,high directionality,WGA
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC) - Boston, MA, USA (2019.6.2-2019.6.4)] 2019 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC) - A 21 to 30-GHz Merged Digital-Controlled High Resolution Phase Shifter-Programmable Gain Amplifier with Orthogonal Phase and Gain Control for 5-G Phase Array Application
摘要： This paper presents a 21 to 30-GHz merged passive vector sum phase shifter (PS) and programmable gain amplifier (PGA) with sub-degree phase resolution for 5-G phased array application. In PS, a transformer-based full-differential high-order resonant coupler functions as a quadrature generator (QG) with a novel layout strategy to achieve broad bandwidth, low loss, and accurate quadrature phase within only one inductor-footprint. Compared to the conventional transformer-based fourth order resonant coupler, the proposed resonant coupler with higher order features much wider quadrature bandwidth. Two phase invariant 6-bit binary-weighted arrays of vector modulators scale the quadrature signals to achieve the desired high resolution vector phase interpolation. In PGA, a phase invariant and dB-linear gain is achieved by adopting a “fractional-bit-based” PGA design. The chip prototype is fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process, this implementation achieves 43% fractional BW-3dB (20 to 31-GHz). The phase control operates with 0.8° steps while maintaining a minimum RMS phase error of 0.42°, demonstrating the best phase accuracy when compared to state-of-the-art mm-wave PSs.
关键词： high-order,phased array,quadrature generator,ultra-compact,programmable gain amplifier,Phase shifter
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Manufacture of the Transceiver Housing for an Active Phased Array Antenna with Built-In Cooling Channels by Selective Laser Melting
摘要： A cooled transceiver housing of an active phased array antenna is produced by 3D printing from aluminum, on the basis of selective laser melting (SLM). The housing walls contain cooling channels, whose geometry ensures effective heat transfer from the active electronic components of the transceiver and also permits the manufacture of high-quality samples on existing 3D printing systems and facilitates cleaning of the channels after printing. The housing is made of AlSi10Mg aluminum, with an acceptable content of closed pores (no more than 1%). Its physicomechanical properties correspond to those of regular aluminum alloys used in the traditional manufacturing technology for such components. This housing may be used in advanced radar systems. The research permits recommendations for further development of the technology.
关键词： cooling channels,3D printing,transceiver housing,active phased array antenna,AlSi10Mg aluminum
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP) - Singapore, Singapore (2019.8.28-2019.8.30)] 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP) - A Milimeter Scale Long Waveguide Grating Antanna with High Directionality for Optical Phased Array
摘要： We propose a highly directional millimeter-scale waveguide grating antenna (WGA). The directionality is close to 90% while the length of the WGA is longer than 4 mm. And the large critical dimension of this structure moderates the fabrication process.
关键词： WGA,optical phased array,high directionality
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Silicon-Based Optical Phased Array Using Electro-Optic p-i-n Phase Shifters
摘要： We present a 1×16 silicon optical phased array using electro-optic phase shifters to attain high-speed operation with low power consumption. The phase shifters are constructed using a p-i-n junction structure with the p- and n-doped regions formed on both sides of the i-region. The i-region width of the phase shifter is optimized considering the power consumption for phase-tuning and the propagation loss in the phase shifter. The fabricated p-i-n phase shifter exhibits a fast operating speed of 20 MHz and a low phase-tuning power of 1.7 mW/π. From a 1-D optical phased array integrated with 2-μm-pitch grating radiators, a wide beam-steering range of 45° is attained along the transversal direction at a 1.55 μm wavelength. Average power consumption for the beam-forming operation of the 1×16 OPA is measured to be 39.6 mW and the average transition time to steer the beam is 24 ns.
关键词： p-i-n phase shifter,Optical phased array,Electro-optic,Silicon photonics
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - 360° on Chip Optical Beam Steering Based on Superposition of Planar Spiral Orbital Angular Momentum Waves
摘要： Optical beam steering has been pursued in the past decade, largely motivated by its potential applications including optical communication and laser radar systems. Optical phased array (OPA) is a promising beam steering method, which has the potential advantages of low cost, chip scale, high resolution, fast scanning [1]. However, a main problem with current OPAs is the limited scanning angle. Steering angle of OPAs based on out-of-plane emitting planar waveguide gratings is typically < 50 degrees. End-fire OPA has a larger steering angle but still will be restricted to <180 degrees due to its geometry [2]. Circular OPA can provide 360-degree beam steering [3-4], but the existing proposals require large number of control elements which makes it very hard to realize. We report a silicon based OPA which is built on our previous works on orbital angular momentum (OAM) [5-6]. The OPA consists of N concentric micro-ring OAM emitters that, when injected with a transverse magnetic (TM) polarized mode, are capable of emitting ‘sideways’ – a planar spiral orbital angular momentum (PS-OAM) beam whose phase fronts spiral outwards in the micro-ring plane with li number of arms, as given by the dipole model [7-9], by superposition of such PS-OAM waves or azimuthal Fourier harmonics, ∑Ni=1aiexp(jliφ)exp(jφi),. The superposition of such PS-OAM waves is capable of providing a practical realization of beamforming in radiofrequency and optical domain [7-9], by controlling their amplitude ai, phase φi, and topological charge li. A narrow beam can be rotated 360 degrees easily by adjusting the phase shifters, and with its 3 dB beamwidth decreases with higher number of PS-OAM modes.
关键词： Optical phased array,Orbital angular momentum,Optical beam steering,Silicon photonics
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Liquid Crystal Based Dielectric Waveguide Phase Shifters for Phased Arrays at W-Band
摘要： In this work, the feasibility of microwave liquid crystal based dielectric waveguide phased shifters is investigated in a phased rod antenna array for the ?rst time. For this, a 1 × 4 rod antenna array is designed including the phase shifters as well as a cascaded E-plane power divider network. As core elements, the phase shifter are designed as continuously tunable subwavelength ?bers, partially ?lled with a newly speci?cally synthesized microwave liquid crystal, exhibiting a maximum FoM 145?/dB at 102.5 GHz. As proof-of-concept, a simpli?ed electric biasing network is developed, demonstrating its beam steering capability by changing the scanning angle between 0?, ?25? and +15? with three different voltage distributions. The antenna array is well matched throughout the complete W-band with a input re?ection below ?10 dB. The measured antenna gain is between 11.5 to 9.1 dBi at 85 GHz accompanied with a side lobe level between ?12 to ?7 dB, depending on the steering con?guration.
关键词： dielectric waveguide,millimeter wave devices,Phased array,microwave liquid crystal
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 IEEE Research and Applications of Photonics in Defense Conference (RAPID) - Miramar Beach, FL, USA (2019.8.19-2019.8.21)] 2019 IEEE Research and Applications of Photonics in Defense Conference (RAPID) - Study of 90-GHz Phased Array Antenna System Based on Chromatic Dispersion Effect in the Optical Fiber
摘要： Phased array antenna system is evaluated in the 90-GHz band using fiber-dispersion-based true time delay. Phase differences are induced by transmission of the optical fiber, without any additional equipment. Beam steering angle with a range of 5 degrees is successfully demonstrated with four horn-antenna elements.
关键词： phased array antenna,radio over fiber,fiber chromatic dispersion,millimeter-wave
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2018 Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS-Toyama) - Toyama (2018.8.1-2018.8.4)] 2018 Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS-Toyama) - An X-Band Waveguide Jig for Pre-Screening Testing of Fully-Integrated Elementary Phased-Array Transceiver Antenna-in-Package
摘要： A large 9–10 GHz tile-based scalable phased-array system (over 128 elements) is built by ?ip-chip bonding of elementary antenna-in-package (AiP) modules on a large interposer PCB. Each module has a top radiating surface and a bottom BGA bonding surface. Due to the strict spacing requirement of a phased-array system, rework of any failed modules from the interposer PCB is prone to create more damages to the system and is prohibited. It is necessary to have a reliable and Automatic Test Equipment (ATE)-compatible test procedures to pre-screen quali?ed elementary modules for bonding. However, conventional ATE-compatible test jig designs can neither receive radiation signals from antenna nor feed test signals into the antenna. In this paper, a waveguide jig for AiP pre-screening is proposed. This jig system consists of a WR-90 adapter, a horn antenna, a Torlon cap and socket with POGO pins, and a PCB to interface with ATE. To test AiP transmitter, controls and test signals are provided through PCB connectors, with radiation signals collected from the WR-90 adaptor. To test the AiP receiver, radiation signals are feeding through the WR-90 adaptor, and the receiver output signals are collected from the PCB connectors. To calibrate waveguide jig return loss, a set of AiP SOL modules are used to remove PCB and test ?xture loss from the overall system loss. The waveguide jig achieves a ?at simulated ?2.4 dB from AiP antenna port to waveguide port from 8 to 12 GHz. This waveguide jig provides a fast and reliable approach to select quali?ed AiP for phased array system assemblies, and the ?nal system-level over-the-air testing.
关键词： phased-array system,waveguide jig,ATE-compatible,antenna-in-package,pre-screening
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2019 Cross Strait Quad-Regional Radio Science and Wireless Technology Conference (CSQRWC) - Taiyuan, China (2019.7.18-2019.7.21)] 2019 Cross Strait Quad-Regional Radio Science and Wireless Technology Conference (CSQRWC) - Ridged Waveguide Slot Phased Array for 5G Millimeter-wave Application
摘要： A slotted waveguide phased array based on a single-ridged waveguide (SRWG) with enhanced scanning angle, wide impedance bandwidth and side lobes bandwidth, as well as low cross-polarization is designed. A transition structure is designed to feed the ridge waveguide with polarization torsion and conversion from the ridge waveguide to a standard rectangular waveguide. A single waveguide is divided into two subarrays to achieve small angle scanning in vertical dimension (yoz plane). An 8 × 8 array is designed and simulated to validate the slot antenna design. The bandwidth for VSWR＜2.0 is 3 GHz at the center frequency of 28 GHz. The realized gain at the center frequency is 24.0 dBi with antenna efficiencies better than 83%. The side lobes are controlled lower than -15dB over the entire working frequency, and the array can achieve a horizontal (xoz plane) scanning angle of ±45 °, and vertical scanning angle of ± 3 °, respectively.
关键词： ridge waveguide slot antenna,phased array,low sidelobe
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04