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Screening of microalgae and LED grow light spectra for effective removal of dissolved nutrients from cold-water recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) wastewater
摘要： Popularity of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) is increasing. Because of the high water recirculation rate, dissolved nutrients originating from fish feed are concentrated enough in RAS wastewater (WW) to enable growth of primary producers, e.g. microalgae. This study evaluated nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) and phosphate-phosphorus (PO4-P) removal efficiency of ten temperate zone freshwater microalgae species during their exponential growth phase in unfiltered RAS WW at 17 ± 0.5 °C. Growth and nutrient uptake efficiency of six green and four non-green microalgae strains were compared between WW and reference growth medium in batch monocultures. The effect of three different LED grow light spectra on growth and nutrient uptake efficiency were compared for four green microalgae in WW. The specific growth rate (SGR, 0.5-0.8 d-1) and removal of NO3-N (N%, 57–96%) and PO4-P (P%, 78–94%) of green microalgae in WW in 4 days were comparable to the results obtained in the reference medium (SGR, 0.6-0.9 d-1, N%, 59–99%; P%, 86–99%). In contrast, non-green microalgae had negligible growth (SGR, from -0.1 to 0.2 d-1) and poor nutrient removal (N%, 1–29%; P%, 0–34%) in both growth media after 9 days. The three LED spectra did not differ on their effect on growth and nutrient removal of three green microalgae in WW after 4 days, while the fourth tested species, Haematoccocus pluvialis, had its highest nutrient removal after 8 days under a specific LED spectrum. Current results show that RAS WW supports well green microalgae growth in batch cultures in temperatures common in Nordic RAS and that continuous spectrum LED grow lights can induce high removal of dissolved nutrients. Our findings lend support to the concept of using temperate zone microalgae for nutrient removal and recycling from RAS WW.
关键词： Wastewater treatment,Nitrate-nitrogen,Bioremediation,Nutrient uptake,Fish farming,Phosphate-phosphorus,Continuous light spectra,Coregonus lavaretus
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Laser‐Ablation Produced Cobalt‐Nickel Phosphate with High‐ValenceNickel Ions as Active Catalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
摘要： Cost-effective, highly efficient and stable non-noble metal-based catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are very crucial on energy storage and conversion. Here, we report an amorphous cobalt-nickel phosphate (CoNiPO4) containing considerable amount of high-valence Ni3+ specie as an efficient electrocatalyst for OER in alkaline solution. The catalyst was converted from Co-doped Ni2P through pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) and exhibits a large specific surface area of 162.5 m2/g and a low overpotential of 238 mV at 10 mA/cm2 with a Tafel slope of 46 mV/dec, being much lower than those of commercial RuO2 and IrO2. Our work demonstrates that PLAL is a powerful technology for generating amorphous CoNiPO4 with high-valence Ni3+, thus paving a new way towards highly effective OER catalysts.
关键词： OER,high valence state,cobalt-nickel phosphate,Pulsed laser ablation in liquid
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Successful treatment of multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma in an adult male patient with potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser in combination with intralesional corticosteroids
摘要： Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma (MCAH) is a rare, benign, idiopathic disease characterized by strong female predominance and predilection for the extremities and face. Most often asymptomatic, MCAH follows an indolent, yet progressive course, with spontaneous remission being uncommon. Many aspects of this vascular and fibrohistiocytic proliferation are controversial, including pathogenesis and treatment recommendations. We present a case of MCAH in a male patient successfully treated with potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser.
关键词： vascular,general dermatology,dermatopathology,fibrohistiocytic,potassium-titanyl-phosphate,laser,multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Chemical and structural heterogeneities in Nd-doped oxynitride phosphate laser glasses
摘要： The application of oxynitride glasses in optics has been limited due the issues inherent in their preparation that result in bubbles, metallic inclusions or opacity. Although the synthesis of oxynitride phosphates is easier than in silicates, due to their lower melt viscosity, the remaining water in the form of OH causes, for instance, the neodymium luminescence to be negatively affected. We report on the preparation of oxynitride Nd phosphate glasses that are submitted first to a dehydroxylation, so that their structure and properties can be studied as a function of the nitrogen content taking a completely homogeneous OH-free glass as the starting point of each synthesis. Raman and Brillouin Spectroscopy confirmed the segregation in oxide and N-enriched regions, and NMR of the glasses has been used to calculate the O/P ratio from the distribution of P(O,N)4 groups. The difference between this and the experimental one obtained from the elemental analyses confirms the segregation in oxide and oxynitride regions that is produced during the ammonolysis of the phosphate glass. The oxynitride glass network could thus be considered a non-homogeneous mixture of the oxide and the nitrided phases that are segregated due to the non-randomness of the nitridation reaction.
关键词： Nitridation,Phosphate glasses,Laser glasses,Oxynitride glasses,Water
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Impurities in large scale produced Nd-doped phosphate laser glasses. I. Cu ions
摘要： Impurity ions such as transition metals and rare earth metals in Nd-doped phosphate laser glasses will degrade Nd-laser performance, among which Cu is the most harmful. Divalent Cu2+ not only results in an optical loss at Nd-laser wavelength, but also reduces the energy storage for laser amplification. A large-scale production of Nd-doped phosphate laser glasses is required to meet quality demand and to realize economy of scale. To balance between the controlled impurity level in the glasses and the cost of raw materials for thousands of disks of meter-scale Nd-doped phosphate laser glasses, it is important to determine an upper limit for Nd-laser degradation due to divalent Cu2+ ions. The absorption edge of Cu singly-doped phosphate glass prepared in an oxidizing atmosphere shows the evidence of monovalent Cu+. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is utilized to further verify the existence of monovalent Cu+ ions in Cu, Nd codoped phosphate glass. The results show that both Cu+ and Cu2+ ions most probably coexist in Nd-doped phosphate laser glasses produced in the oxidizing atmosphere to eliminate Pt inclusions in the glasses. Accordingly, this paper discusses the extinction coefficient and the fluorescence quench factor caused by divalent Cu2+ ions, as well as their influence.
关键词： Cu2+,fluorescence quench factor,optical loss,Cu+,Nd-doped phosphate laser glass,XPS
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Rare-Earth Doped Phosphate Optical Fibres and Rods for Compact Pulsed Optical Amplification
摘要： In the last decade high energy and high peak power pulsed laser sources have been in a great demand for a variety of applications such as remote sensing (LIDAR, DIAL), range findings, communications systems and material processing. Since the energy of the pulsed laser oscillator is generally much lower than the one required for the applications, a fibre amplifier is commonly used to boost the output power, realizing the so called MOPA (Master Oscillator Power Amplifier) laser architecture. The realization of a fibre amplifier requires an active medium with high optical gain in short length, in order to mitigate nonlinear optical effects. Multicomponent phosphate glasses are recognized to be an ideal host material for the realization of these fibres, as they can be doped with large amounts of rare earth (RE) ions (up to 1021 ions/cm3) without clustering, thus allowing the fabrication of extremely compact active devices with high optical gain (> 5 dB/cm) in short length [1,2]. Moreover, phosphate glasses possess good thermo-mechanical properties, high emission cross-sections, high optical damage threshold and are less susceptible than silica to photodarkening [3,4]. With the aim of realizing short-length amplifiers in the 1 μm and 1.5 μm wavelength range, highly Yb3+ and Yb3+-Er3+-doped custom phosphate glass compositions were designed and fabricated by melt-quenching technique. Suitable cladding compositions were explored. The manufactured glasses were thoroughly investigated. First of all, they were thermo-mechanically characterized, then the glasses underwent optical characterization such as refractive index measurement, FTIR spectroscopy and, for active glass, RE emission spectroscopy resolved in time and frequency. Phosphate fibers and rods were then manufactured by preform drawing using a custom induction heated optical fiber drawing tower, with the preform being obtained by rod-in-tube technique. Preliminary results of optical amplification are presented for a single stage MOPA, both in the 1 μm and 1.5 μm wavelength range.
关键词： compact pulsed optical amplification,Yb3+-Er3+-doped,MOPA,phosphate glass compositions,Yb3+,rare-earth doped phosphate optical fibres
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Silver centers luminescence in phosphate glasses subjected to X‐Rays or combined X‐rays and femtosecond laser exposure
摘要： The generation of silver species has been investigated in silver‐containing sodo‐gallo‐phosphate glasses subjected to X‐ray irradiations. Radioluminescence spectroscopy has evidenced the presence of isolated and paired silver ions. The proportion of silver pairing is found dominant in ortho‐phosphate glass compositions, compared to poly‐phosphate counterparts. The phosphate glass network is reported to have a decisive impact on X‐Ray photosensitivity and the formation of luminescent silver species, namely Ag2+ hole trap silver ions and Agm x+ silver clusters. The subsistence of femtosecond laser produced silver luminescent structures under X‐Ray irradiation has been demonstrated.
关键词： lasers,luminescence,phosphate
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Post‐Treatment Engineering of Vacuum‐Deposited Cs <sub/>2</sub> NaBiI <sub/>6</sub> Double Perovskite Film for Enhanced Photovoltaic Performance
摘要： Conventional biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) bioceramics are facing many challenges to meet the demands of regenerative medicine, and their biological properties are limited to a large extent due to the large grain size in comparison with nanocrystalline of natural bone mineral. Herein, this study aimed to fabricate porous BCP ceramic spheres with nanocrystalline (BCP-N) by combining alginate gelatinizing with microwave hybrid sintering methods and investigated their in vitro and in vivo combinational osteogenesis potential. For comparison, spherical BCP granules with microcrystalline (BCP-G) and commercially irregular BCP granules (BAM, BCP-I) were selected as control. The obtained BCP-N with specific nanotopography could well initiate and regulate in vitro biological response, such as degradation, protein adsorption, bone-like apatite formation, cell behaviors, and osteogenic differentiation. In vivo canine intramuscular implantation and rabbit mandible critical-sized bone defect repair further confirmed that nanotopography in BCP-N might be responsible for the stronger osteoinductivity and bone regenerative ability than BCP-G and BCP-I. Collectedly, due to nanotopographic similarities with nature bone apatite, BCP-N has excellent efficacy in guiding bone regeneration and holds great potential to become a potential alternative to standard bone grafts in bone defect filling applications.
关键词： nanocrystalline,calcium phosphate ceramic spheres,biological effect,bone regeneration,osteoinductivity
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Nd3+-doped mixed-anion fluoro-sulfo-phosphate glass for 1.06?μm solid-state laser
摘要： Fluoro-sulfo-phosphate poly-anionic glasses KPO3–AlF3–K2SO4 (KPFS) and Nd3+-doped samples (Nd–KPFS) were prepared by conventional melt-quenching method and their physical properties were comprehensively analyzed. Their actual glass compositions were carefully checked by di?erent methods. These glasses exhibit typically low linear refractive index nd (~ 1.482) and nonlinear refractive index n2 (~ 0.86 × 10?13 esu), high Abbe's number (~ 72.0) and moderate elasticity modulus E (~ 50.2 GPa). The spectroscopic properties of Nd–KPFS specimens are further evaluated by the Judd-Ofelt theory, and the results suggest that the stimulated radiative parameters can be enhanced by tuning sulfate contents. Besides, Nd–KPFS glasses present relatively long lifetime τexp (~ 428 μs) and large ?gure of merit FOM (~ 9.29 × 10?24 cm2 s). All of the results imply that such ?uoro-sulfo-phosphate glass would be a promising candidate for solid-state laser.
关键词： Physical properties,1.06 μm,Nd3+,Fluoro-sulfo-phosphate glass
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Solvothermal assisted phosphate functionalized graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots for optical sensing of Fe ions and its thermodynamic aspects
摘要： A facile method has been proposed for the determination of Ferrous (Fe(II)) and Ferric (Fe(III)) ions using phosphate functionalized graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (Ph-g-CNQDs) in an aqueous medium. The easy solvothermal procedure using oleic acid as the solvent yielded the Ph-g-CNQDs in less than 30 min. The communication among the Fe(II) and Fe(III) with Ph-g-CNQDs caused quenching of the blue Ph-g-CNQDs fluorescence signals. The Ph-g-CNQDs have been successfully characterized using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, UV–vis absorption and photoluminescence spectrophotometry. The temperature dependent behavior of the Ph-g-CNQDs was also observed and various thermodynamic parameters have also been evaluated. The Ph-g-CNQDs displayed an excellent quantum yield of 60.54% using quinine sulfate as the standard reference. The developed method has been applied to water samples collected from different sources and good recoveries were observed which entitles this method as apt for real time monitoring.
关键词： Fe(III),Quantum yield,Optical sensor,Photoluminescence,Fe(II),Phosphate functionalized g-CNQDs
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04