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Well‐Defined Cu <sub/>2</sub> O/Cu <sub/>3</sub> (BTC) <sub/>2</sub> Sponge Architecture as Efficient Phenolics Scavenger: Synchronous Etching and Reduction of MOFs in confined‐pH NH <sub/>3</sub> ?H <sub/>2</sub> O
摘要： Fabrication of low-dimensional nano-MOFs as well as nanoparticles/metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) hybrids has sparked new scientific interests but remains a challenging task. Taking Cu3(BTC)2 as a proof of concept, it is demonstrated thats NH3?H2O solution of a confined pH value can readily shape the bulk Cu3(BTC)2 into nanoscale Cu3(BTC)2, beyond the need to control the crystal growth kinetics of MOFs. Adjusting the pH of NH3?H2O within a much small range (10–11) allows fine tuning over the size and shape of nanoscale Cu3(BTC)2. Particularly at pH = 11, NH3?H2O exhibits weak reducibility that triggers a reduction of part of Cu3(BTC)2 into Cu2O, while shaping the other into Cu3(BTC)2 nanowires. Benefiting from the coincidence of reduction and etching effects, the newly generated Cu2O dots can in situ anchor onto adjacent Cu3(BTC)2 nanowires at highly dispersive state, forming a well-defined sponge-like architecture built of Cu2O dots and nano-Cu3(BTC)2. The CuOx derived from annealing of the Cu2O dots/nano-Cu3(BTC)2 hybrid preserves the sophisticated sponge architecture and high porosity, and exhibits promising applications in phenol scavenging, with efficiency outperforming its counterparts and many other Cu-based catalysts reported in literature. It is anticipated that the findings here pave the way for the rational design of intricate nano-MOFs in a more efficient way.
关键词： nanoparticles/MOF,etching and reduction,sponge architecture,synergistic effect,low-dimensional MOFs
更新于2025-11-14 17:03:37
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Novel RGO and concave cube Cu <sub/>2</sub> O co-modified BiVO <sub/>4</sub> nanosheets with enhanced photocatalytic and surface adsorption performances of tetracycline
摘要： A novel ternary Cu2O/BiVO4/RGO photocatalyst is successfully constructed by hydrothermal and evaporation-induced method, and it exhibits superior photocatalytic performance for degradation tetracycline (TC). Meanwhile, the visible light absorption range of composite photocatalyst is effectively broadened by the formation of heterojunction with narrow band gap semiconductor Cu2O. And the separation efficiency of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs is significantly enhanced by the synergistic effect of Cu2O and RGO. More importantly, the adsorption of TC by ternary Cu2O/BiVO4/RGO possesses high adsorption capacity, which is 23.73 times higher than that of pure BiVO4. Additionally, the possible reaction mechanism is clearly revealed by radical trapping experiment, electron spin-resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. This work provides a new insight to design a photocatalyst with excellent adsorption to remove organic contaminants in water.
关键词： RGO,Adsorption,synergistic effect,BiVO4,Cu2O,Tetracycline
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Recent Development of Photocatalysts Containing Carbon Species: A Review
摘要： Undoubtedly, carbon-based (nano)composites can be promising photocatalysts with improved photocatalytic activity due to the coupling effect from the incorporation of carbon species. In this mini-review, we focus on the recent development of photocatalysts based on carbon-based (nano)composites. TiO2 is well-known as a typical photocatalyst. Special attention is paid to the various types of carbon–TiO2 composites such as C-doped TiO2, N–C-doped TiO2, metal–C-doped TiO2, and other co-doped C/TiO2 composites. Various synthetic strategies including the solvothermal/hydrothermal method, sol–gel method, and template-directed method are reviewed for the preparation of carbon-based TiO2 composites. C/graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) composites and ternary C-doped composites are also summarized and ascribed to the unique electronic structure of g-C3N4 and the synergistic effect of the ternary interfaces, respectively. In the end, we put forward the future perspective of the photocatalysts containing carbon species based on our knowledge.
关键词： (nano)composites,synergistic effect,g-C3N4,C-doped,photocatalysts,TiO2
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Photocatalytic Mechanisms for Peroxymonosulfate Activation through the Removal of Methylene Blue: A Case Study
摘要： Industrial activity is one of the most important sources of water pollution. Yearly, tons of non-biodegradable organic pollutants are discharged, at the least, to wastewater treatment plants. However, biological conventional treatments are unable to degrade them. This research assesses the efficiency of photocatalytic activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) by two different iron species (FeSO4 and Fe3+-citrate) and TiO2. These substances accelerate methylene blue removal by the generation of hydroxyl and sulfate radicals. The required pH and molar ratios PMS:Fe are crucial variables in treatment optimization. The kinetic removal is reduced by the appearance of scavenger reactions in acidic and basic conditions, as well as by the excess of PMS or iron. The best performance is achieved using an Fe3+-citrate as an iron catalyst, reaching the total removal of methylene blue after 15 min of reaction, with a molar ratio of 3.25:1 (1.62 mM of PMS and 0.5 mM Fe3+-citrate). Fe3+-citrate reached higher methylene blue removal than Fe2+ as a consequence of the photolysis of Fe3+-citrate. This photolysis generates H2O2 and a superoxide radical, which together with hydroxyl and sulfate radicals from PMS activation attack methylene blue, degrading it twice as fast as Fe2+ (0.092 min?1 with Fe2+ and 0.188 min?1 with Fe3+-citrate). On the other hand, a synergistic effect between PMS and titanium dioxide (TiO2) was observed (SPMS/TiO2/UV-A = 1.79). This synergistic effect is a consequence of PMS activation by reaction with the free electron on the surface of TiO2. No differences were observed by changing the molar ratio (1.04:1; 0.26:1 and 0.064:1 PMS:TiO2), reaching total removal of methylene blue after 80 min of reaction.
关键词： iron activation,peroxymonosulfate,sulfate radicals,synergistic effect,TiO2 activation,dye
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Appropriate Molecular Interaction Enabling Perfect Balance Between Induced Crystallinity and Phase Separation for Efficient Photovoltaic Blends
摘要： Fluorination is a promising modification method to adjust the photophysical profiles of organic semiconductors. Notably, the fluorine modification on donor or acceptor materials could impact the molecular interaction, which is strongly related to the morphology of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) blends and the resultant device performance. Therefore, it’s essential to investigate how the molecular interaction affect the morphology of BHJ films. In this study, a new fluorinated polymer PBDB-PSF is synthesized to investigate the molecular interaction in both nonfluorinated (ITIC) and fluorinated (IT-4F) systems. The results reveal that the F-F interaction in PBDB-PSF:IT-4F system could effectively induce the crystallization of IT-4F while retaining ideal phase separation scale, resulting in outstanding charge transport. On the contrary, poor morphology can be observed in PBDB-PSF:ITIC system due to the unbalanced molecular interaction. As a consequence, the PBDB-PSF:IT-4F device delivers an excellent PCE of 13.63%, which greatly exceeds PBDB-PSF:ITIC device (9.84%). These results highlight manipulating the micromorphology in regard of molecular interaction.
关键词： induced crystalline,molecular interaction,phase separation,fluorination,synergistic effect
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Carbon quantum dots assisted strategy to synthesize Co@NC for boosting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of CdS
摘要： Photocatalytic water splitting accompanied by the hydrogen production as a prospective method has been placed on solving the double issues of the energy crisis and environment pollution. Therefore, the development of stable and efficient hydrogen evolving photocatalysts is pretty important and urgent. Herein, the Co@NC (Co nanoparticles wrapped by nitrogen doped carbon layers) derived from the mixture of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and Co2+ as the cocatalyst is loaded on the surfaces of the CdS nanorods (NRs) for photocatalytic hydrogen production. The results show a hydrogen evolution activity of 21.8 mmol g-1 h-1 for CdS with 3 wt % loading amount of Co@NC (CdS-3) and 29.8 times higher than that of CdS alone. In addition, an apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 41.8 % at 420 nm over the CdS-3 is obtained. The enhanced photocatalytic performance of the hybrid nanostructure is largely ascribed to the effective electron transfer (ET) between the CdS NRs and Co@NC, which is confirmed by the electrochemical experiments and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. In all, this work supplies a novel strategy to synthesize universal photocatalytic cocatalyst.
关键词： Carbon quantum dots,1D CdS,Synergistic effect,Hydrogen evolution reaction,Photocatalysis
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Bis(thiena??2a??yl)a??2,1, <scp>3a??benzothiadiazolea??diketopyrrolopyrrole</scp> a??based <scp>acceptora??acceptor</scp> conjugated polymers: Design, synthesis, and the synergistic effect of the substituent on their solar cell properties
摘要： Three acceptor–acceptor conjugated copolymers (TBT-DPP, FTBT-DPP, and HFTBT-DPP) with different substituent groups have been synthesized with palladium-catalyzed Stille coupling condensation polymerization assisted with microwave. Polymer solar cells (PSCs) based on these copolymers as the electron donors and PC71BM as the acceptor have been fabricated. The synergistic effect of the substituent between two fluorine atoms and hexyl alkyl chains in bis(thien-2-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole fragment on their solar cell properties has been investigated. Both the fluorine atoms and the synergistic effect can improve the solubility of the polymers effectively while the excellent thermal stability properties are still retained. Two fluorine atoms (polymer FTBT-DPP) increased the power conversion efficiency of the PSCs twice compared with TBT-DPP (without substituent). The synergistic effect (polymer HFTBT-DPP) decreased that seriously to zero. Density function theory calculations showed that the conjugation level of the polymer backbone is one of key factors. It demonstrates that the synergistic effect of fluorine atoms and alkyl chains in the same fragment does not always work well in improving the PSCs performance.
关键词： polymer solar cells,diketopyrrolopyrrole polymers,acceptor–acceptor conjugated,bis(thien-2-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole,synergistic effect
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A novel design of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate)/molybdenum disulfide/poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanocomposites for fabric micro-supercapacitors with favourable performances
摘要： Fabric supercapacitors with mechanical flexible and excellent energy storage capacity attract considerable attention for the potential application in wearable smart electronics. A novel ternary composite electrode and assembled all-solid-state fabric supercapacitors are expected to achieve favorable electrochemical performances. The facile vapor phase polymerization method is employed to fabricate the ternary poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate)/molybdenum disulfide/poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) composite electrodes. The molybdenum disulfide nanograins are incorporated into the conducting polymer matrix which further facilitates the formation of hierarchical porous structures. On account of profitable synergistic effect among three-component materials and porous structure with reinforced electronic/ionic transport, the as-prepared hybrid electrode exhibits a high areal capacitance of 51.01 mF/cm2 at current density of 0.1 mA/cm2, as well as long cycling durability with 93.6% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles of galvanostatic charge/discharge tests. Furthermore, symmetric fabric micro-supercapacitor assembled by the as-prepared electrodes is also evaluated in a belt-shaped device. This assembled device exhibits an energy density of 0.2 μWh/cm2 (1.81 mWh/cm3) and the power density of 0.09 mW/cm2 (0.82 W/cm3). These results of excellent flexibility and favourable capacitive performance indicate a promising application in portable and wearable electronic devices.
关键词： synergistic effect,ternary nanocomposites,porous structure,flexible micro-supercapacitors
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Multifunctional Two-Dimensional Core-Shell MXene@Gold Nanocomposites for Enhanced Photo-Radio Combined Therapy in the Second Biological Window
摘要： Multi-functional nanoplatforms with special advantages in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer have been widely explored in nanomedicine. Herein, we synthesize two-dimensional core-shell nanocomposites (Ti3C2@Au) via a seed-growth method starting from the titanium carbide (Ti3C2) nanosheets, a classical type of MXene nanostructure. After growing gold on the surface of Ti3C2 nanosheets, the stability and biocompatibility of the nanocomposites are greatly improved by the thiol modification. And importantly, the optical absorption in the near infrared region (NIR) is enhanced. Utilizing the ability of the high optical absorbance and strong X-ray attenuation, the synthesized Ti3C2@Au nanocomposites are used for photoacoustic (PA) and computed tomography (CT) dual-modal imaging. Importantly, the mild photothermal effect of the Ti3C2@Au nanocomposites could improve the tumor oxygenation, which significantly enhances the radiotherapy (RT). None obvious long-term toxicity of the nanocomposites is found at the injected dose. This work highlights the promise of special properties of MXene-based multifunctional nanostructures for cancer theranostics.
关键词： surface modification,the synergistic effect,combined therapy,titanium carbide nanocomposites,dual-modal imaging
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Synergistic effect of surface oxygen vacancies and interfacial charge transfer on Fe(III)/Bi2MoO6 for efficient photocatalysis
摘要： Novel Fe(III) clusters grafted Bi2MoO6 nanosheets with surface oxygen vacancies (denoted as F/BMO-SOVs) heterostructured composite have been firstly fabricated via a reliable calcination process combined with impregnation approach. The surface oxygen vacancies (SOVs) in Bi2MoO6 were formed due to controlled calcination process. The presence of Fe (III) clusters was confirmed by HRTEM, XPS, and UV-Vis DRS. Under visible light irradiation, the optimum molar ratio of 15% F/BMO-SOVs achieved 93.4% degradation efficiency of phenol within 180 min, representing nearly 80 times higher activity than the pure Bi2MoO6, confirmed by both absorption spectrum and TOC measurement. The dramatically enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the synergistic effect between the SOVs, Fe(III) clusters and Bi2MoO6, which not only narrows the band gap, improving the visible light response ability, but also facilitates the direct interfacial charge transfer (IFCT) from the SOVs to the surface Fe(III) clusters, greatly promoting the efficient separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. According to the trapping experiments and ESR measurements results, ·O2-, ·OH-, and h+ all participated in the phenol photodegradation process over F/BMO-SOVs. Thus, this work not only provides a synergistic effect between SOVs, Fe(III) clusters and Bi2MoO6 involving an IFCT process, but also proposes an efficient approach to fabricating highly active photocatalysts in environmental remediation and solar fuel synthesis.
关键词： Surface oxygen vacancy,Phenol degradation,Synergistic effect,Interfacial charge transfer,Heterostructured Fe(III)/Bi2MoO6
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36