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Organic Solar Cells Based on Cellulose Nanopaper from Agroforestry Residues with Efficiency over 16% and Effectively Wide Angle Light Capturing
摘要： Cellulose nanopaper (CNP) was successfully demonstrated for the enhanced efficiency and effectively wide-angle light capturing of organic solar cells (OSCs). The highest power-conversion efficiency (PCE) is up to 16.17%, which is among the excellent results natural materials for OSCs. The effectively wide-angle harvesting is demonstrated in the range from -45 to 45 degrees. Importantly, when the incident angle is 45o, the JSC with CNP is 21.18 mA/cm2, while the corresponding JSC without CNP is only 15.11 mA/cm2, an increase of ~40% is observed. The present PCEs of are found to be enhanced from 9.12% to 12.78%.
关键词： power-conversion efficiency,wide-angle harvesting,organic solar cells,light capturing,Cellulose nanopaper
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A nona??fullerene acceptor with chlorinated thienyl conjugated side chains for higha??performance polymer solar cells via toluene processing
摘要： Small molecular acceptors (SMAs) BTC-2F and BTH-2F, based on heptacyclic benzodi(cyclopentadithiophene) electron-donating core (CBT) with chlorinated-thienyl conjugated and thienyl conjugated side chains, respectively, are designed and synthesized. Relative to non-chlorine acceptor BTH-2F, BTC-2F exhibits slightly blue-shifted absorption spectra, similar the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) (-3.91 eV), deeper highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level and higher electron mobility than that of BTH-2F. PM6, a wide bandgap polymer, is selected as the donor material to construct bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells processed with nonhalogenated solvent toluene. The optimized PM6:BTC-2F-based device presents a 12.9% power conversion efficiency (PCE), while the PCE of PM6:BTH-2F-based device is only 11.3%. The results suggest that it is an effective strategy to optimize the photoelectric properties of SMAs by incorporating chlorine atom into the conjugated side chains.
关键词： small molecular acceptors,narrow bandgap,power conversion efficiency,chlorinated-thienyl,polymer solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Influence of TiO <sub/>2</sub> layer on ultimate efficiencies for planar and nano-textured CH <sub/>3</sub> NH <sub/>3</sub> PbI <sub/>3</sub> solar cells
摘要： The influence of TiO2 layer on the ultimate efficiencies, η, i.e. efficiencies without considering carrier recombination, for the planar and nano-textured CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) perovskite solar cells (SCs) are investigated. In planar TiO2/MAPbI3 heterojunction SCs, in order to achieve the largest power conversion efficiency (PCE), the TiO2 layer thickness, d1, is important. With the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, we demonstrated that when the MAPbI3 layer thickness, d2, is 250 nm, which is a common-most MAPbI3 layer thickness for perovskite SCs, η achieves maximum when d1 is 80 nm. Fabricating nano textures on SC surface is an important method to improve the PCE. We studied the effects of d1 and d2 on the optimized η, η0, for two kinds of nano-textured perovskite SCs: the SCs with the nontextured TiO2 layer and the column-shaped nano hollow (CLH) textured MAPbI3 layer, defined as the nontextured-TiO2/CLH-MAPbI3 SCs, and the SCs with CLH textured TiO2 and CLH textured MAPbI3 layers of the same hollow axes and radius, defined as the CLH-(TiO2/MAPbI3) SCs. Generally, when d1 and d2 are fixed, η0 for the CLH-(TiO2/MAPbI3) SC is larger than that for the nontextured-TiO2/CLH-MAPbI3 SC by ca. 5%.
关键词： power conversion efficiency,perovskite solar cell,FDTD method,nano texture,light absorption
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Fluorinated solid additives enable high efficiency non-fullerene organic solar cells
摘要： The use of processing additives to optimize active layer morphology in organic solar cells (OSCs) is a simple and impactful way to improve photovoltaic performance. However, the retention of high boiling point liquid additives affects the stability and lifetime of OSCs, necessitating the development of volatilizable additives that can improve efficiency at no cost to long-term device stability. In this study, three novel volatilizable solid additives, INB-1F, INB-3F, INB-5F, with different degrees of fluorination are rationally designed, synthesized, and added into photovoltaic solutions to fabricate OSCs. These additives evaporate upon thermal annealing and exhibit higher volatility as the number of fluorine atoms increases. Our device studies show that these additives can enhance the efficiency of PBDB-T-2F:BTP-4F binary cells from 15.2% to 16.5%, and those of PBDB-T-2F:IT-4F from 12.1% to 13.4%. Molecular dynamic simulations reveal attractive interactions between these additives and the non-fullerene acceptor BTP-4F, leading to enhanced intermolecular π–π stacking among BTP-4Fs, which is a favorable morphology change that we attribute as the origin of the enhanced performance and long-term stability. Our work presents a novel strategy to design new solid additives to replace liquid additives.
关键词： fluorinated solid additives,morphology,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Sandwich-like electron transporting layer to achieve highly efficient perovskite solar cells
摘要： Passivating the carrier recombination at the heterojunction interface and improving the efficiency of charge separation are effective means to boost the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The interface modification between the anode and the electron transporting layer (ETL) or constructing bilayer structural ETLs has been proved to be the effective way to achieve high-efficient charge extraction and collection. Combining the advantages of both techniques might further achieve lower energy loss and higher efficiency in PSCs. Herein, we design a sandwich-like SnO2-CQDs-SnO2 (S–C–S) ETLs, i.e. an ultrathin band-gap tunable carbon quantum dots (CQDs) layer is inserted between ultrathin SnO2 bottom layer and SnO2 top layer. The bottom ultrathin SnO2 layer passivates the defects of SnO2:F (FTO) and reduces the carrier recombination at the FTO/ETLs interface. The CQDs layer enhances the optical transmission of ETLs, accelerates carrier transport process and improves the hole-blocking ability. Such S–C–S ETLs greatly enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs and eliminate hysteresis to the maximum extent. This work provides a new concept for designing novel electronic transmission materials for solar cells, and lays the foundation for further achieving higher PCE in PSCs.
关键词： Power conversion efficiency,Sandwich-like electron transporting layer,Band alignment,Perovskite solar cell,Interface modification
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Numerical modeling of lead-free perovskite solar cell using inorganic charge transport materials
摘要： Ten years after their first mention in report on solar cell implementation, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites are still the focal point of photovoltaic research. Proper selection of material for different layers has enabled high power conversion efficiency (PCE) values that presently surpass 24%. Unfortunately, the metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSC) contain toxic lead, which is a serious concern for their commercialization process. To tackle lead toxicity issues in perovskite-based solar cells, intensive research by PSC research fraternity is ongoing to develop lead-free metal halide perovskite. In this paper, a novel solar cell configuration which consists of FTO/Transition Metal Di-Chalcogenides/Perovskite/Copper thiocyanate/Au is proposed. In this Transition Metal Di-Chalcogenides (Tungsten Disulfide) is used as an electron transport metal (ETM) due to its high electron mobility and Copper thiocyanate (CuSCN) is used as a hole transport metal (HTM) due to its high transparency and ideal band alignment with perovskite. Impact of variation in thickness of perovskite layer, electron transport layer and hole transport layer on performance parameters were examined. A PCE of 19.84% is achieved at the optimal perovskite layer thickness of 700 nm. When the thickness surpasses 700 nm, PCE drops due to an increase in the recombination of electron-hole pairs. Impact of interfacial defects on the performance parameter was also scrutinized. Simulation results reveal that the interfacial defect of ETM/Perovskite has a larger impact on performance parameters than that of Perovskite/HTM defect when light is irradiated from the ETM side. We also investigated the effect of temperature variation on device performance. The PSC showed optimum performance in the range of 20 °C to 50 °C and the ideal working temperature was viewed as 30 °C.
关键词： Transition metal di-chalcogenides,Power conversion efficiency,Stability,Lead-free perovskite,Copper thiocyanate
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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D-A Copolymer Donor Based on Bithienyl Benzodithiophene D-unit and Monoalkoxy Bifluoroquinoxaline A-unit for High Performance Polymer Solar Cells
摘要： Molecular frontier orbital energy level and aggregation behavior regulation of polymer donors are feasible way to improve the photovoltaic performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs). Here, we design and synthesize a new D-A copolymer donor PBQ10 based on bithienyl benzodithiophene D-unit and monoalkoxy-substituted bifluoroquinoxaline A-unit, which shows obviously down-shifted highest occupied molecular orbital energy level in comparison with the control polymer PBQ7 with dialkoxyphenyl substituent on the bifluoroquinoxaline A-unit. Moreover, PBQ10 exhibits more preferential face-on molecular orientation and tighter π–π stacking in the vertical direction of substrate than that of PBQ7, which significantly improves the hole mobility of PBQ10 to 5.22×10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1 in comparison with that (1.71×10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1) of PBQ7. As a result, the PBQ10-based PSC with Y6 as acceptor demonstrates an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.34 % with simultaneously increased open circuit voltage and fill factor, which is significantly increased than the PBQ7-based PSC with PCE of 13.45 %, and is one of the highest PCEs in binary PSCs. The result suggests that rational side chain optimization of polymer donor is an efficient way to regulate molecular energy level and self-assembly feature, thus to improve the PCE of PSCs.
关键词： Power conversion efficiency,Polymer solar cells,Bithienyl benzodithiophene,Monoalkoxy-substituted bifluoroquinoxaline,D-A copolymer donor
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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13.2% Efficiency of Organic Solar Cells by Controlling Interfacial Resistance resulted from Well-distributed Vertical Phase Separation
摘要： Two strategies were investigated to improve the efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs) with the aim of controlling the interfacial resistance in the devices: the use of a ternary active layer and the introduction of conjugated polymers. The ternary active layer was formed by introducing PC71BM between a high-performance non-fullerene photoactive material P(Cl-Cl)(BDD=0.2) and the IT-4F-based binary active layer, thereby reducing the interfacial resistance between the donor and acceptor via vertical phase separation. Furthermore, the introduction of the conjugated polymer PFN-Br created a well-dispersed separation attributable to enhancement of the interfacial contact with the active layer, and simultaneous reduction of the interfacial resistance. Consequently, the synergetic effect of the ternary active layer and PFN-Br enhanced the short-circuit current density (JSC) and fill factor (FF) to realize power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.2%.
关键词： Power conversion efficiency,Interfacial resistance,Conjugated polymers,Ternary active layer,Organic solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Small-molecular Iridium complex based organic solar cells with improved photovoltaic performance through device optimization
摘要： Small-molecular Iridium complex based organic solar cells (OSCs) show inferior power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) to pure organic/polymer analogues. To further improve the performance of such OSCs, we reported a bilayer device structure, which was fabricated by sequentially spin-coating a p-type polymer semiconductor (poly[4,4’-bis(2-butyloctoxycarbonyl-[2,2’-bithiophene]-5,5-diyl)-alt-(2,2’bithiophene-5,5’diyl)]) (PDCBT) layer and a bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) layer with cyclometalated Ir complex (TBzIr) as donor and PC71BM as acceptor. Compared to the original TBzIr:PC71BM BHJ device, the bilayer PDCBT/ TBzIr:PC71BM structure exhibited identical high open circuit voltages of 0.92 V, both increased short circuit current from 9.25 to 11.14 mA cm-2 and fill factor from 0.46 to 0.61. The p-type PDCBT layer is inserted to afford extra light absorption, assist the upper BHJ blends to form optimized morphologies, as well as provide supplementary donor-acceptor interfaces to facilitate exciton dissociation. Therefore, the PCE could be significantly improved from 3.91% for TBzIr:PC71BM to 6.17% for PDCBT/TBzIr:PC71BM. To our best knowledge, this is the highest efficiency ever reported for small-molecular Ir complex based organic solar cells.
关键词： bilayer device structure,power conversion efficiency,organic solar cells,small-molecular,Iridium complex
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Device physics of back-contact perovskite solar cells
摘要： Back-contact perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a promising candidate to further increase power conversion efficiency (PCE) and have been the subject of many investigations. However their full potential has not been achieved due a lack of a complete understanding of their operation from a device physics perspective. In this study, a detailed photoelectrical model for back-contact PSCs is developed by coupling a drift-diffusion description of free charge transport model with ion migration currents and emitted-carrier generation resulting from photon recycling. By studying the influence of relevant electrical parameters, the interplay between charge generation, transport and recombination, is revealed to further clarify the design principles based on devices with a back-contact structure. Although devices featuring the back-contact structure exhibit a sensitivity to electrical parameters, a high PCE exceeding 25% is predicted if the interface passivation and perovskite film quality can be well controlled. Different conduction band and valence band offsets offer various screening opportunities for functional materials with high efficiencies are introduced. Additionally, the simulated results revealed that mobile ions degrade the device performance if the average ion concentration exceeds 1016 cm?3. Furthermore, we point out that photon recycling can effectively compensate against radiative recombination, thereby resulting in an improved open circuit voltages. The results provide a new understanding of the carrier transport dynamics, ion migration, and photon recycling effects for the back-contact structure, which can be applied to a systematic improvement in the design of high efficiency PSCs.
关键词： Power conversion efficiency,Ion migration,Back-contact perovskite solar cells,Photoelectrical model,Photon recycling
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59