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[IEEE 2018 International Conference on Advanced Science and Engineering (ICOASE) - Duhok (2018.10.9-2018.10.11)] 2018 International Conference on Advanced Science and Engineering (ICOASE) - Manufacturing Procedure of a Hybrid Design of Solar Collector (Sterilization and Water Heating) By Solar and Electrical Energy
摘要： The purpose of the research is to design a hybrid solar collector, called (L1). This Collector operates by solar energy during daylight hours, which is approximately (12) hours, the work of the solar collector (L1) continues during night by using electrical power. Solar collector was tested during the period of December - 2017 to May – 2018.The results were excellent where it’s records high temperature during the period from March - May 2018. Temperature recorded more than 100 Co. The outlet water from the solar collector (L1) was sterilized due to the high heating degree of the water, it reached boiling degree. The design of (L1) is suitable for a lot of environment or weather conditions, because it depends on the collection of the solar radiation in a small surface area; in addition, it works in low electrical power. Tests for (L1) were conducted in Basra city, southern Iraq, on latitude 30.5oN and longitude 47.8oE. Manufacturing of this solar collector is very easy with low cost. It can be used it in houses, scientific and health institutions.
关键词： Hybrid,solar collector,sterilization,Water heating,Renewable energy,Solar energy
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, Photovoltaics and Wind || Solar Water Heating
摘要： This is the first of a set of chapters on thermal energy applications. In this chapter, we treat the use of solar heating for domestic or institutional hot-water supplies. Descriptions of systems, components, and important design considerations are outlined. Considerations important in designing water heating systems are also basic to solar heating and cooling systems, applications that are covered in succeeding chapters. Many of the principles noted here for service hot water for buildings also apply to industrial process heat, discussed in Chapter 16.
关键词： active systems,solar water heating,passive systems,thermal energy applications
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Investigation of the Combined Efficiency of a Solar/Gas Hybrid Water Heating System
摘要： In climate regions with large seasonal variations in solar radiation, such as the Pacific Northwest of the United States, a solar thermal energy collector might not economically satisfy year-round domestic water heating demands, requiring an auxiliary unit, such as a natural gas-fired water heater. Previous studies have shown that the burner efficiency of a gas-fired water heater varies depending on the log-mean temperature difference between the cold fluid (water) and the hot fluid (combustion gases). In a solar/gas hybrid water heating system where solar collectors are used in conjunction with a gas-fired heater, the partial heating of water provided by solar input reduces the log-mean temperature difference value for the gas heater, reducing the efficiency of the gas burner. Since this efficiency reduction varies depending on the amount of pre-heating provided by solar energy input, it is difficult to accurately predict the actual cost and energy savings offered by solar/gas hybrid water heaters in different climate scenarios. Hence, to predict the actual energy and cost savings under various design conditions, the performance of solar/gas hybrid systems must be better understood. The purpose of this work is to experimentally determine the thermal performance of a solar/gas water hybrid water heating system with a 6.44 m2 flat plate solar collector array and a 22.3 kW natural gas burner in Corvallis, Oregon. Under different temperature lifts and solar insolation values, the system was operated at three different modes of heating: solar, gas, and combined solar/gas mode. The overall system thermal efficiency value for each mode is calculated. The efficiency of the solar collector heating system was found to be 41.97%, 39.82%, and 35.05% at initial water temperature of 20, 30, and 51.5 °C, respectively. For initial water temperatures of 20, 30, and 51.5 °C, the efficiency of the gas burner was found to be 69.2%, 66.4%, and 65.5% at the HHV, and 76.7%, 73.6%, and 72.6% at the LHV of natural gas, respectively. In the combined solar/gas heating mode, the efficiency of the gas burner decreased with increasing solar fraction. For solar fractions of 4.93%, 9.40%, 11.39%, and 14.27%, the efficiency of the gas burner in terms of the HHV of natural gas was found to be of 69.08%, 66.80%, 66.17%, and 65.18%, respectively. Based on the experimental results, a configuration that would provide higher overall system efficiency for combined solar/gas heating is suggested.
关键词： water heating,Solar thermal,natural gas
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14