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Raman/XRF/EDX microanalysis of 2nd-century stuccoes from Domus Valeriorum in Rome
摘要： 2nd-century stucco fragments from the roman Domus Valeriorum were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy (Raman), imaging X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) in order to identify the pigments and materials thereon. Cinnabar, malachite, hematite, goethite and Egyptian blue were detected by the synergistic use of these techniques whereas calcite, with some traces of gypsum, was detected as materials for the bas-relief figures and the pictorial background. This non-destructive characterization is the first carried out on the Domus Valeriorum finds. The multi-analytical approach highlighted the complementarity and versatility of these techniques, suitable for both laboratory and in-situ analysis, on macroscopic or microscopic fragments without preliminary manipulation.
关键词： Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence,X-ray fluorescence imaging,Domus Valeriorum,Pigments,Raman spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Rembrandt's <i>An Old Man in Military Costume</i> : Combining hyperspectral and MA-XRF imaging to understand how two paintings were painted on a single panel
摘要： Over the past several decades the painting An Old Man in Military Costume by Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn (ca. 1630–31; J. Paul Getty Museum, 78.PB.246) has been the subject of a number of investigations carried out in order to better visualize a second painting beneath the surface figure. The underlying image – the head and shoulders of a man wearing a cloak – is oriented 180 degrees from the upper image and appears to be fairly complete. Scanning macro x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy reveals the face is painted with lead white and a mercury-(likely vermilion), and the cloak is painted with a copper-containing pigment. Following the revelation and digital color reconstruction of the underlying figure, a number of questions still remained. Here, through the use of infrared reflectance imaging spectroscopy (i.e., hyperspectral imaging) and macro-XRF imaging spectroscopy, together with cross-sections taken from targeted areas, the sequence of painting in both compositions was explored. Of particular interest was the discovery of evidence of multiple attempts to situate the lower figure, and the subsequent application of a blocking-out layer over the lower figure before the artist rotated the panel and executed the upper figure. In addition, examination of the placement of the two images on the panel adds to our understanding of the subtle complexities of Rembrandt’s working process.
关键词： re-use of painting supports,Early Rembrandt,infrared reflectance imaging spectroscopy,X-ray fluorescence imaging spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14