- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
Contact-Less Real-Time Monitoring of Cardiovascular Risk Using Video Imaging and Fuzzy Inference Rules
摘要： Conventional methods for measuring cardiovascular parameters use skin contact techniques requiring a measuring device to be worn by the user. To avoid discomfort of contact devices, camera-based techniques using photoplethysmography have been recently introduced. Nevertheless, these solutions are typically expensive and difficult to be used daily at home. In this work, we propose an innovative solution for monitoring cardiovascular parameters that is low cost and can be easily integrated within any common home environment. The proposed system is a contact-less device composed of a see-through mirror equipped with a camera that detects the person’s face and processes video frames using photoplethysmography in order to estimate the heart rate, the breath rate and the blood oxygen saturation. In addition, the color of lips is automatically detected via clustering-based color quantization. The estimated parameters are used to predict a risk of cardiovascular disease by means of fuzzy inference rules integrated in the mirror-based monitoring system. Comparing our system to a contact device in measuring vital parameters on still or slightly moving subjects, we achieve measurement errors that are within acceptable margins according to the literature. Moreover, in most cases, the response of the fuzzy rule-based system is comparable with that of the clinician in assessing a risk level of cardiovascular disease.
关键词： signal processing,fuzzy inference system,diagnosis,cardiovascular disease,video imaging,personal health care,contact-less monitoring,photoplethysmography
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
-
Raman Spectroscopy and Microscopy Applications in Cardiovascular Diseases: From Molecules to Organs
摘要： Noninvasive and label-free vibrational spectroscopy and microscopy methods have shown great potential for clinical diagnosis applications. Raman spectroscopy is based on inelastic light scattering due to rotational and vibrational modes of molecular bonds. It has been shown that Raman spectra provide chemical signatures of changes in biological tissues in different diseases, and this technique can be employed in label-free monitoring and clinical diagnosis of several diseases, including cardiovascular studies. However, there are very few literature reviews available to summarize the state of art and future applications of Raman spectroscopy in cardiovascular diseases, particularly cardiac hypertrophy. In addition to conventional clinical approaches such as electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiogram (cardiac ultrasound), positron emission tomography (PET), cardiac computed tomography (CT), and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), applications of vibrational spectroscopy and microscopy will provide invaluable information useful for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Various in vivo and ex vivo investigations can potentially be performed using Raman imaging to study and distinguish pathological and physiological cardiac hypertrophies and understand the mechanisms of other cardiac diseases. Here, we have reviewed the recent literature on Raman spectroscopy to study cardiovascular diseases covering investigations on the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ level.
关键词： cardiovascular disease,cardiac hypertrophy,cardiac biomarkers,vibrational spectroscopy,Raman imaging
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
-
Intravascular Photothermal Strain Imaging for Lipid Detection
摘要： Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the major threats to humanity, accounting for one-third of the world’s deaths. For patients with high-risk CVD, plaque rupture can lead to critical condition. It is therefore important to determine the stability of the plaque and classify the patient’s risk level. Lipid content is an important determinant of plaque stability. However, conventional intravascular imaging methods have limitations in ?nding lipids. Therefore, new intravascular imaging techniques for plaque risk assessment are urgently needed. In this study, a novel photothermal strain imaging (pTSI) was applied to an intravascular imaging system for detecting lipids in plaques. As a combination of thermal strain imaging and laser-induced heating, pTSI differentiates lipids from other tissues based on changes in ultrasound (US) velocity with temperature change. We designed an optical pathway to an intravascular ultrasound catheter to deliver 1210-nm laser and US simultaneously. To establish the feasibility of the intravascular pTSI system, we experimented with a tissue-mimicking phantom made of fat and gelatin. Due to the difference in the strain during laser heating, we can clearly distinguish fat and gelatin in the phantom. The result demonstrates that pTSI could be used with conventional intravascular imaging methods to detect the plaque lipid.
关键词： photothermal strain imaging,intravascular ultrasound (IVUS),thermal strain imaging,lipid detection,unstable plaque,intravascular imaging,cardiovascular disease
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
-
[IEEE 2019 International Conference on Advanced Computer Science and information Systems (ICACSIS) - Bali, Indonesia (2019.10.12-2019.10.13)] 2019 International Conference on Advanced Computer Science and information Systems (ICACSIS) - Wavelength Selection of Persimmon Leafusing Decision Tree Method in Visible Near-Infrared Imaging
摘要： The intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery (CCA) is an established indicator of cardiovascular disease (CVD). There have been reports about the difference between the left and the right sides of the CCA IMT and their relation with CVD. In this paper, we propose an automated system based on image normalization, speckle reduction ?ltering, and snakes segmentation, for segmenting the CCA, perform IMT measurements, and provide the differences between the left and the right sides. The study was performed on 1104 longitudinal-section ultrasound images acquired from 568 men and 536 women out of which 125 had cardiovascular symptoms (CVD). A cardiovascular expert manually delineated the IMT for the normal and the CVD groups. The corresponding (normal versus CVD) IMT mean ± standard deviation values for the left and the right sides were 0.74 ± 0.24 versus 0.87 ± 0.24 mm and 0.70 ± 0.17 versus 0.80 ± 0.18 mm, respectively. The main ?ndings of this paper can be summarized as follows: 1) there was no signi?cant difference between the CCA left side IMT and the right side IMT. These ?ndings suggest that the measurement of the CCA IMT on one side only is needed for the normal group (and this is in agreement with other studies); 2) there were statistical signi?cant differences for the IMT measurements between the normal group and the CVD group for both the left and the right sides; 3) there was an increasing linear relationship of the left and the right IMT measurements with age for the normal group; and to a lesser extend for the CVD group; 4) no statistical signi?cant differences were found between the manual and the automated IMT measurements for both sides; and 5) the best result for classi?cation disease modeling, using support vector machines, to discriminate between the normal and the CVD groups was a 64% ± 3.5% correct classi?cations score when using both the left and the right IMT automated measurements. Further research is required for estimating differences and similarities between left and right intima media complex structure and morphology and their variability with texture features for differentiating between the normal and the CVD group.
关键词： B-mode,IMT,common carotid artery,cardiovascular disease,ultrasound imaging,intima media thickness
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
-
[SPIE Computer-Aided Diagnosis - Houston, United States (2018.2.10-2018.2.15)] Medical Imaging 2018: Computer-Aided Diagnosis - Convolutional neural networks for the detection of diseased hearts using CT images and left atrium patches
摘要： Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in the United States. The identification of cardiac diseases on conventional three-dimensional (3D) CT can have many clinical applications. An automated method that can distinguish between healthy and diseased hearts could improve diagnostic speed and accuracy when the only modality available is conventional 3D CT. In this work, we proposed and implemented convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to identify diseased hearts on CT images. Six patients with healthy hearts and six with previous cardiovascular disease events received chest CT. After the left atrium for each heart was segmented, 2D and 3D patches were created. A subset of the patches were then used to train separate convolutional neural networks using leave-one-out cross-validation of patient pairs. The results of the two neural networks were compared, with 3D patches producing the higher testing accuracy. The full list of 3D patches from the left atrium was then classified using the optimal 3D CNN model, and the receiver operating curves (ROCs) were produced. The final average area under the curve (AUC) from the ROC curves was 0.840 ± 0.065 and the average accuracy was 78.9% ± 5.9%. This demonstrates that the CNN-based method is capable of distinguishing healthy hearts from those with previous cardiovascular disease.
关键词： Deep learning,Heart disease,Classification,Cardiovascular disease (CVD),Convolutional neural networks,Computer-aided diagnosis,3D Computed tomography
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
-
Diagnostic Biosensors in Medicine- a Review
摘要： Biosensors consist of a biocatalyst that can detect a biological element and a transducer which can convert the combination event of the biocatalyst and the biological element into a detectable parameter. The biocatalyst can be biomolecules like, enzyme, DNA, RNA, metabolites, cells, oligonucleotides etc., and the transducers can be electrochemical, optical, piezoelectric, acoustics, calorimetric etc. In disease diagnostics biosensors utilizing immobilized cells, enzymes, nucleic acids have come into the field in recent years. Nanobiosensors exploiting the ultrasmall size and unique properties have also been used for engineering disease diagnostic biosensors. The use of biosensors can rapidly assess the health status, onset of the disease and its progression and can help to plan treatment for many diseases with the aid of multidisciplinary combination of chemistry, medical science and nanotechnology. The devices are cost effective, highly sensitive, rapid, user friendly and can be produced in bulk for human use. This review focuses on the different biosensors for the diagnosis of three major diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer.
关键词： nanobiosensors,cancer,diabetes,cardiovascular disease,disease biomarker detection,Biosensors
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
-
The Value of Elastic Modulus Index as a Novel Surrogate Marker for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification by Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Carotid Ultrasonography
摘要： Background: Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and the presence of carotid plaque have been used for risk stratification of cardiovascular disease (CVD). To date, however, the association between multi-directional functional properties of carotid artery and CVD has not been fully elucidated. We sought to explore the multi-directional mechanics of the carotid artery in relation to cardiovascular risk. Methods: Four hundred one patients who underwent carotid ultrasound were enrolled between January 2010 and April 2013. A high risk of CVD was defined as more than 20% of 10-year risk based on the Framingham risk score. Using a speckle-tracking technique, the longitudinal and radial movements were analyzed in the B-mode images. Peak longitudinal and radial displacements, strain and strain rate were also measured. Beta stiffness and elastic modulus index were calculated from the radial measurements. Results: Of the overall sample, 13% (52) of patients comprised the high-risk group. In multivariate logistic regression, CIMT and elastic modulus index were independently associated with a high-risk of CVD {odds ratio (OR): 1.810 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.249–2.622] and OR: 1.767 (95% CI: 1.177–2.652); p = 0.002, 0.006, respectively}. The combination of CIMT and elastic modulus index correlated with a high-risk of CVD more so than CIMT alone. Conclusion: The elastic modulus index of the carotid artery might serve as a novel surrogate marker of high-risk CVD. Measurement of the multi-directional mechanics of the carotid artery using the speckle tracking technique has potential for providing further information over conventional B-mode ultrasound for stratification of CVD risk.
关键词： Elastic modulus,Carotid artery,Cardiovascular disease
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
-
Transcatheter Self-Powered Ultrasensitive Endocardial Pressure Sensor
摘要： Changes in endocardial pressure (EP) have important clinical significance for heart failure patients with impaired cardiac function. As a vital parameter for evaluating cardiac function, EP is commonly monitored by invasive and expensive cardiac catheterization, which is not feasible for long-term and continuous data collection. In this work, a miniaturized, flexible, and self-powered endocardial pressure sensor (SEPS) based on triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), which is integrated with a surgical catheter for minimally invasive implantation, is reported. In a porcine model, SEPS is implanted into the left ventricle and the left atrium. The SEPS has a good response both in low- and high-pressure environments. The SEPS achieves the ultrasensitivity, real-time monitoring, and mechanical stability in vivo. An excellent linearity (R2 = 0.997) with a sensitivity of 1.195 mV mmHg?1 is obtained. Furthermore, cardiac arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation and ventricular premature contraction can also be detected by SEPS. The device may promote the development of miniature implantable medical sensors for monitoring and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.
关键词： minimally invasive,cardiovascular disease,self-powered,triboelectric nanogenerator,endocardial pressure sensor
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
-
[IEEE 2018 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI) - Bangalore, India (2018.9.19-2018.9.22)] 2018 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI) - Performance of Ultra Wideband (UWB) pulsed Doppler Radar for heart rate and respiration rate monitoring in Noise
摘要： In this article, we study a UWB pulsed Doppler radar system for heart rate and respiratory rate monitoring for transmitted signal power of less than -41dBm as recommended by Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Performance of the system is analysed in the presence of noise. The heart rate and respiratory rate was obtained in frequency domain from the chest displacement after phase demodulating the received signal. Result shows that mean square error (MSE) of 0.2 to .1 for heart rate monitoring and 0.1 to 0.001 for respiratory rate with SNR in the range of -10dB to 100dB can be obtained with different distance of subject from the radar. We can monitor the heart and respiratory rates even at 10m distance of subject from radar.
关键词： Doppler radar,Cardiovascular disease(CVD),UWB (Ultra wide band)
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14