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- 2019
- charge – discharge energy efficiency
- Lithium-ion battery
- degradation diagnosis
- photovoltaic surplus energy
- working electric vehicle
- Electrical Engineering and Automation
- Ritsumeikan University
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Evaluating the Surface Chemistry of Black Phosphorus during Ambient Degradation
摘要： Black Phosphorus (BP) is emerging as a promising candidate for electronic, optical and energy storage applications, however its poor ambient stability remains a critical challenge. Evaluation of few-layer liquid exfoliated BP during ambient exposure using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) allows its surface chemistry to be investigated. Oxidation of liquid exfoliated few-layer BP initially occurs through non-bridging oxide species, which convert to bridging oxide species after ambient exposure. We demonstrate the instability of these bridging oxide species, which undergo hydrolysis to form volatile phosphorus oxides and evaporate from the BP surface. FTIR spectroscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to confirm the formation of liquid oxides through a continuous oxidation cycle that results in the decomposition of BP. Furthermore, we show that the instability of few-layer BP originates from the formation of bridging oxide species.
关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,Black phosphorus,phosphorene,x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,2D materials,degradation,ambient stability,oxidation
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Optical Performance Degradation Effects by Fabrication Errors of Circular-type Computer Generated Holograms
摘要： A null test method which relies on a computer generated hologram (CGH) is widely used to measure a large aspheric surface. For precise measurements of the surface shape of an aspheric optics, the CGH must precisely generate a wavefront that can fit on the ideal surface shape of the aspheric optics. If fabrication errors arise in the CGH, an unwanted wavefront will be generated and the measuring result will lack trustworthiness. Thus far, there has been limited research on wavefronts generated by CGH using only linear-type binary grating models. In this study, a theoretical error model of a circular-type zone plate, the most commonly used types for CGH patterns, is suggested. The proposed error model is checked by simulations and experiments.
关键词： Optical performance degradation,Computer generated hologram
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Nanocrystal-engineered thin CuO film photocatalyst for visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutant in aqueous solution
摘要： We design a thin CuO film photocatalyst for visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB). Nanocrystal engineering of the photocatalyst is performed by sputtering with concurrent in-situ thermal treatment. The impacts of the in-situ thermal treatment temperature and sputtering conditions on the material properties of the thin CuO film photocatalyst are investigated in detail. Systematic characterization using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicates that deposition at elevated temperature and higher sputtering power significantly improves the surface structure and crystallinity of thin CuO film, which promotes charge transfer and ultimately results in better performance for MB photocatalytic degradation. The best-performing sample is the one sputtered at an elevated temperature of 300 °C and a sputtering power of 300 W. The photodegradation efficiency and physical durability of the samples were also analyzed after using for 5 cycles. The results indicate that in-situ thermal treatment and nanocrystal engineering of the thin CuO film significantly improve the physical durability.
关键词： Thin CuO film photocatalyst,Visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation,Nanocrystal engineering
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Activated carbon/metal-organic framework nanocomposite: Preparation and photocatalytic dye degradation mathematical modeling from wastewater by least squares support vector machine
摘要： Herein, Kiwi peel activated carbon (AC), Materials Institute Lavoisier (MIL-88B (Fe), and AC/MIL-88B (Fe) composite were synthesized and used as catalysts to degrade Reactive Red 198. The material properties were analyzed by the FTIR, BET-BJH, XRD, FESEM, EDX, TGA, and UV–Vis/DRS. The BET surface area of AC, MIL-88B (Fe) and AC/MIL-88B (Fe) was 1113.3, 150.7, and 199.4 m2/g, respectively. The band gap values (Eg) estimated by Tauc plot method, were obtained 5.06, 4.19 and 3.79 eV for AC, MIL-88B (Fe) and AC/MIL-88B (Fe), respectively. The results indicated that the AC/MIL-88B (Fe) composite had higher photocatalytic activity (99%) than that of pure AC (79%) and MIL-88B (Fe) catalysts (87%). The decolorization kinetic was matched well with the second-order model. Moreover, the data were modeled using least squares support vector machine which optimized with Cuckoo optimization algorithm. The optimal parameters were found 0.837 and 3.49e+02 based on σ2 and γ values, respectively. The mean square error (MSE) and correlation coefficient (R2) values were obtained 3.97 and 0.948. Therefore, the attained data, materials characterization and prediction of modeling validate the composite form of MIL-88B(Fe) with new AC, had better photocatalytic activity in comparison with the individual form.
关键词： Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs),Synthesis,AC/MIL-88B (Fe) composite,COA-LSSVM modeling,Photocatalytic degradation
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Facile synthesis of N/B double-doped Mn <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>3</sub> and WO <sub/>3</sub> nanoparticles for dye degradation under visible light
摘要： In the present work, Nitrogen-doped and Nitrogen-Boron double doped manganese oxide (Mn2O3) and tungsten oxide (WO3) nanoparticles were synthesized using precipitation-hydrothermal method for methylene blue degradation under visible light. Materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Results showed that N and B were successfully incorporated into the crystal lattices of Mn2O3 and WO3. XRD showed that WO3 was crystallized in the form of a monoclinic lattice, while cubic Mn2O3 was produced in the cubic form. The crystallite size was found to be decreased due to the substitution of N and B elements which reveals their roles to accelerate the crystal nucleation rate resulting in the decreased size. On the other hand, single and double doping has successfully narrowed the bandgaps of the as-synthesised metal oxide photocatalysts resulting in better absorption in the visible light. Bandgaps obtained were as follows: 3.02, 2.50, 1.73 and 1.77 eV for N-WO3 N/B-WO3, N-Mn2O3 and N/B-Mn2O3 respectively. Photocatalytic experiments showed that all as-synthesised materials exhibited a photocatalytic efficiency under visible light ≥420 nm. The degradation efficiency of MB was in the following order: N-B-co-doped metal oxides > N-doped metal oxides > metal oxides. The presence of scavenger molecules such as isopropanol (IPA), EDTA-2Na and benzoquinone inhibited MB degradation. Finally, the results showed that these materials can be reused several times without a notable decrease in efficiency.
关键词： Photocatalytic degradation,Visible light,Double-doping,Metal oxides
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Construction of Strontium Titanate/Binary Metal Sulfide Heterojunction Photocatalysts for Enhanced Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Activity
摘要： A novel strontium titanate/binary metal sulfide (SrTiO3/SnCoS4) heterostructure was synthesized by a simple two-step hydrothermal method. The visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance of SrTiO3/SnCoS4 composites was evaluated in the degradation of methyl orange (MO) under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic performance of SrTiO3/SnCoS4-5% is much higher than that of pure SrTiO3, SnCoS4, SrTiO3/SnS2 and SrTiO3/CoS2. The SrTiO3/SnCoS4 composite material with 5 wt.% of SnCoS4 showed the highest photocatalytic efficiency for MO degradation, and the degradation rate could reach 95% after 140 min irradiation time. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was ascribed to not only the improvement of visible light absorption efficiency, but also the construction of a heterostructure which make it possible to effectively separate photoexcited electrons and holes in the two-phase interface.
关键词： visible-light-driven,SnCoS4,heterojunction,degradation,SrTiO3
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of <i>Paeonia emodi</i> mediated silver oxide nanoparticles
摘要： Green synthesis of nanomaterials and its verity of applications have linked chemistry, biotechnology and environmental chemistry. Green process get more attention due to its easy handling and inertness to ecosystem. The selection of green synthesis and silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag2O NPs) are purely based on its nontoxic behavior and promising activates. Eco-friendly process was applied for the synthesis of silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag2O NPs) using Paeonia emodi (P. emodi) fresh leaves extract as reducing agent. The average crystallite size was found to be 38.29 nm, calculated from the FWHM of the diffraction bands of X-rays diffractometer (XRD). The morphological study was made by performing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the particles size estimated from the micrographs of both techniques are 38.29 and 86.4 nm respectively. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) was used to study the purity and percent composition of the Ag2O NPs. The band gap energy (4.02 eV) and surface functional groups was studied by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) respectively. The 97.78% methylene blue (MB) was degraded in the presence of Ag2O NPs and UV-Visible light source in 180 min. The antibacterial activity of the Ag2O NPs were tested against Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) bacteria. It was found that the Ag2O NPs have strong growth inhibiting activity against Gram-negative bacteria than Gram-positive bacteria.
关键词： Photocatalytic degradation,Methylene blue,Eco-friendly,Antibacterial Activity,Silver oxide,Leaves extract
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Fabrication of oxidized graphite supported La2O3/ZrO2 nanocomposite for the photoremediation of toxic fast green dye
摘要： The dyes are one of major pollutants discharged to water bodies without any premeditation. Their undesirable detection in aqueous bodies has created a menace as they tend to disturb the complete aquatic ecosystem by directly hindering the photosynthetic process of aquatic flora. Thus pre and post discharge remediation of these dyes are of immense significance. In the present study, novel OG/La2O3/ZrO2 nanocomposite having high photocatalytic ability was prepared by co-precipitation method. Visible photocatalytic ability of the nanocomposite was employed for the degradation of fast green dye as a target pollutant. The OG/La2O3/ZrO2 nanocomposite was well characterized using various techniques as FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM and XPS etc. The nanocomposite also exhibited adsorption capability due to the presence of oxidized graphite (OG) sheets those provided high surface area for the fast green molecules to get adsorb onto them. High degradation efficiency (89%) was obtained within 90 minutes of visible light irradiation. Effect of pH, photocatalyst amount and light intensity was also studied. Superoxide and hydroxyl radicals; were found to be the major reacting species as confirmed by the scavenging studies. Furthermore, OG/La2O3/ZrO2 nanocomposite exhibited high reusability interpreting the nanocomposite as a proficient photocatalyst with active utilization for treating industrial waste water.
关键词： Fast green dye,Metal- oxides,Oxidized graphite,Photo-degradation
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Removal of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) from real membrane bioreactor (MBR) effluents by photocatalytic degradation using composite Ag2O /P-25 photocatalyst
摘要： Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) are emerging pollutants causing serious challenges to wastewater treatment plants due to poor biodegradability. In this study, the enhanced removal of highly recalcitrant and commonly monitored PhACs, carbamazepine (CBZ) and diclofenac (DCF) by heterogeneous photocatalysis was investigated using 5% Ag2O /P-25 photocatalyst. The photocatalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDX), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-DRS). The effects of catalyst dose, initial pollutants concentration, and mineralization during the photocatalytic degradation of PhACs were investigated. The matrix effect was assessed in deionized water (DW) and real membrane bioreactor effluent (RME). Optimal CBZ and DCF removals of 89.10 % and 93.5 %, respectively for 180 min of UV irradiation were achieved at catalyst dosage of 0.4 g L-1 in DW matrix. However, the optimal catalyst dosages for CBZ and DCF in RME matrix were increased by factor 2 and 1.5, respectively, to achieve the same degree of removal. Declining trends of removal rate were observed when initial concentrations of both the PhACs were increased under optimal catalyst dosages, and kinetics seem to fit the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. Photo-induced holes and ?OH were the dominant oxidation species involved in the photocatalytic degradation of the PhACs. A plausible reusability of 5% Ag2O /P-25 photocatalyst was observed for both the PhACs. Moreover, various aromatic/aliphatic intermediates generated during the photodegradation CBZ were identified using fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry, and a possible multi-step degradation pathway was proposed. Overall, the removal of PhACs using 5% Ag2O /P-25 photocatalyst showed promising results in real wastewater.
关键词： PhACs,transformation products,Ag2O/P-25 photocatalysts,matrix effect,photocatalytic degradation
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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The Comparison of the Photocatalytic Performance Shown by TiO <sub/>2</sub> and TiO <sub/>2</sub> /WO <sub/>3</sub> Composites— A Parametric and Kinetic Study
摘要： Kinetic and mechanistic related approaches for mostly titania were intensively studied in the literature. However, combined modelling and kinetic studies are few. Therefore, the present work focuses on modelling the dependence of the degradation kinetics of two model compounds (salicylic acid—SA and methyl orange—MO) on Evonik Aeroxide P25, hydrothermally prepared hierarchical TiO2 and P25/WO3 nanostars, obtained also by hydrothermal crystallization. The obtained individual semiconductors and the composites were characterized using XRD, DRS, SEM, while the photocatalytic degradation of the model pollutants were carried out varying the catalyst load, the initial pollutant concentration and incident light intensity. It was found that the degradation kinetics were independent from the hierarchical nature of the material, while significant dependencies of the degradation efficiency was found from the previously mentioned investigation parameters. All these parametric interdependences were successfully studied and a kinetic model was proposed for both bare TiO2 and TiO2/WO3 composite systems.
关键词： Degradation,Salicylic Acid,Methyl Orange,Kinetic Modelling,Composite Materials
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29