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[IEEE 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - Huangshan, China (2019.8.5-2019.8.8)] 2019 18th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN) - The Study of Data Processing System for the FBG Temperature Sensor Network Based on the Hadoop Platform
摘要： This paper presents a 64 × 2 channel stereo-audio sensing front end with parallel asynchronous event output inspired by the biological cochlea. Each binaural channel performs feature extraction by analog bandpass filtering, and the filtered signal is encoded into events via asynchronous delta modulation (ADM). The channel central frequencies f0 are geometrically scaled across the human hearing range. Two design techniques are highlighted to achieve the high system power efficiency: source-follower-based bandpass filters (BPFs) and asynchronous delta modulation (ADM) with adaptive self-oscillating comparison. The chip was fabricated in 0.18 μm 1P6M CMOS, and occupies an area of 10.5×4.8 mm2. The core cochlea system operating under a 0.5 V power supply consumes 55 μW at an output rate of 100k event/s. The measured range of f0 is from 8 Hz to 20 kHz, and the BPF quality factor Q can be tuned from 1 to almost 40. The 1σ mismatch of f0 and Q between two ears is 3.3% and 15%, respectively, across all channels at Q ≈ 10. Reconstruction of speech input from the event output of the chip is performed to validate the information integrity in event-domain representation, and vowel discrimination is demonstrated as a simple application using histograms of the output events. This type of silicon cochlea front end targets integration with embedded event-driven processors for low-power smart audio sensing with classification capabilities, such as voice activity detection and speaker identification.
关键词： audio sensing,central frequency,silicon cochlea,source follower,speech,vowel discrimination,event-driven,asynchronous delta modulator (ADM),spike,reconstruction,Adaptive adaptive self-oscillating comparison comparison,quality factor,bandpass filter (BPF)
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Conjugated Polymer-Quantum Dot Hybrid Materials for Pathogen Discrimination and Disinfection
摘要： In this work, a new platform for pathogen discrimination and killing based on a conjugated polymer-quantum dot hybrid material was designed and constructed through the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) process. The hybrid material comprises water-soluble anionic CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) and a cationic poly(fluorene-alt-phenylene) derivative (PFP) through electrostatic interactions, thus promoting efficient FRET between PFP and QDs. Upon addition of different pathogen strains, the FRET from PFP to QDs was interrupted because of the competitive binding between PFP and the pathogens. Complexation of PFP and QDs also reduced the dark toxicity to a more desirable level, therefore potentially realizing the controllable killing of pathogens. The technique provides a promising theranostic platform in pathogen discrimination and disinfection based on FRET and phototoxicity of the PFP and QDs.
关键词： FRET,pathogens discrimination and killing,quantum dots,conjugated polymers,theranostic platform
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Directional discrimination is better for noxious laser stimuli than for innocuous laser stimuli
摘要： Background The directional discrimination is lower for painful laser heat compared to non-painful mechanical stimulation. The aim of the current study was to investigate how the directional discrimination of radiant heat stimulation depends on stimulation intensity and displacement velocity. Methods Fifteen healthy subjects were stimulated in the right volar forearm with a CO2 laser at intensities that were expected to be either painful (46 ?C) or non-painful (39 ?C). The laser beam was continuously displaced distal-proximally along the arm during the stimulation. After the stimulation, subjects indicated the perceived direction and intensity (NRS: 0: perception 3: pain 10: maximum pain). Stimulations were delivered with five lengths (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 mm) and three velocities (10, 30 and 100 mm/s). To estimate the directional discrimination threshold (DDT) the data was fitted to a sigmoidal curve. Results For the lower intensity (39 ?C) the DDT was 81.8 mm for the slowest velocity, and above 100 mm for the two faster velocities. For the higher intensity (46 ?C) the DDT was 58.8 and 69.6 mm for the slowest velocity and middle velocity, respectively, and above 100 mm for the fastest velocity. The perceived intensity increased with stimulation length, stimulation intensity and decreasing velocity (LMM, p < 0.001). Conclusions This study shows how the DDT for thermal stimuli is shorter for higher intensity and lower displacement velocities. Additionally, it was shown that for the velocity where directional discrimination is optimal for mechanical stimuli it is not possible to discriminate a thermal stimulus.
关键词： Directional discrimination,noxious intensity,innocuous intensity,laser stimulation
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Teleportation of two-qubit entangled state via non-maximally entangled GHZ state
摘要： Quantum teleportation is of significant meaning in quantum information. We study the probabilistic teleportation of unknown two-qubit entangled state utilizing non-maximally entangled GHZ state as quantum channel. We formulate it as unambiguous state discrimination problem and derive exact optimal POVM operator for maximizing the success probability of unambiguous state discrimination. Only one three-qubit POVM for the sender, one two-qubit unitary operation for the receiver and two cbits for outcome notification are required in this scheme. The unitary operation is given in the form of concise formula and average fidelity is calculated. We show that our scheme is applicable in the situation where the information of quantum channel is only available for the sender.
关键词： Probabilistic teleportation,Optimal POVM,Quantum information theory,Unambiguous state discrimination
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Discrimination of wood species using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy
摘要： A new method is proposed for the discrimination of wood species by combining near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and using chemometrics for data analysis. The method was applied to the analysis of 42 samples from six different species: Amburana cearensis, Copaifera lucens, Phyllocarpus riedelii, Cariniana legalis, Bowdichia virgilioides, and Aspidosperma pyricollum. The spectra from both techniques were merged on a single data matrix and pretreated by standard normal variate (SNV) and Savitzky– Golay first derivative with smoothing. Principal component analysis was applied to the exploratory data analysis and showed a clear formation of sample groups according to the wood species only when the data from both analytical techniques and the data pretreatment were used. Sample discrimination using partial least squares discriminant analysis was proved possible, but with an average misclassification of about 10%. Sample grouping and discrimination were shown to be probably related to different concentrations of iron, copper, zinc, and/or sodium (affecting the LIBS spectra) and lignin, water, cellulose, and/or hemicellulose (affecting the NIRS spectra).
关键词： wood species discrimination,laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy,chemometrics
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia, Spain (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - First Results of Experimental Polarimetric SAR-GMTI Modes on RADARSAT-2
摘要： Initial results of newly developed dual-channel polarimetric SAR-GMTI modes on RADARSAT-2 are presented, showing combined capabilities to detect ships both in open water and in a river channel surrounded by land and to differentiate land and target types. The potential to use motion information along with backscattering characteristics of HH and VH polarizations to differentiate ships from icebergs are discussed.
关键词： iceberg discrimination,polarimetric,SAR-GMTI,RADARSAT-2,ship detection
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia, Spain (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Comparison of Four Different Sun-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Retrieval Algorithms Using Simulated and Field-Measured Data
摘要： Up to now, there are four widely used retrieval algorithms for retrieving sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) from plant photosynthesis: the standard FLD method (FLD), the modified FLD (3FLD), the improved FLD (iFLD) and the spectral fitting method (SFM). This paper attempts to compare the four different sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence retrieval algorithms using simulated and field-measured data. The results show that the SFM and the iFLD methods provide more accurate SIF estimations with root mean square error (RMSE) less than 0.1, using the simulated data. However, when the field-measured data are used, the SFM method is better and the iFLD method becomes unstable, which suggests that the SFM method is appropriate to retrieve SIF from field data measured using a spectrometer instrument with spectral resolution lower than 1nm.
关键词： spectral fitting method (SFM),fraunhofer line discrimination (FLD),Sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF),the improved FLD (iFLD),the modified FLD (3FLD)
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018) - Paris, France (2018.7.8-2018.7.13)] 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018) - A Novel Cognitive Neuromorphic Polarimetric Dynamic Vision System (pDVS) with Enhanced Discrimination and Temporal Contrast
摘要： In this preliminary study, a new cognitive vision architecture of a Polarimetric Dynamic Vision Sensor ( pDVS), is presented. The system consists of a neuromorphic camera coupled to polarization filters; a spinning wheel, namely, a light modulating wheel, operating at different speeds, is placed in front a static object. The detector system performance against different modulating speeds, under unpolarized and polarized conditions, has been tested, data were acquired and then analyzed. The outcome of this study indicates that enhanced temporal contrast resolution can be achieved, while offering unique discrimination capabilities, depending upon the light polarization states.
关键词： high-discrimination-based on light polarization states,target system design,visual information processing,high-temporal contrast,neuromorphic cognitive spike event-based Polarimetric Dynamic Vision Sensor (pDVS)
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Discrimination of several Indonesian specialty coffees using Fluorescence Spectroscopy combined with SIMCA method
摘要： Indonesia is one of the important producers of several specialty coffees, which have a particularly high economic value, including Civet coffee (‘kopi luwak’ in Indonesian language) and Peaberry coffee (‘kopi lanang’ in Indonesian language). The production of Civet and Peaberry coffee is very limited. In order to provide authentication of Civet and Peaberry coffee and protect consumers from adulteration, a robust and easy method for evaluating ground Civet and Peaberry coffee and detection of its adulteration is needed. In this study, we investigate the use of fluorescence spectroscopy combined with SIMCA (soft independent modelling of class analogies) method to discriminate three Indonesian specialty coffee: ground Peaberry, Civet and Pagar Alam coffee. Total 90 samples were used (30 samples for Civet, Peaberry and Pagar Alam coffee, respectively). All coffee samples were ground using a home-coffee- grinder. Since particle size in coffee powder has a significant influence on the spectra obtained, we sieved all coffee samples through a nest of U. S. standard sieves (mesh number of 40) on a Meinzer II sieve shaker for 10 minutes to obtain a particle size of 420 μm. The experiments were performed at room temperature (around 27-29°C). All samples were extracted with distilled water and then filtered. For each samples, 3 mL of extracted sample then was pipetted into 10 mm cuvettes for spectral data acquisition. The EEM (excitation-emission matrix) spectral data of coffee samples were acquired using JASCO FP-8300 Fluorescence Spectrometer. The principal component analysis (PCA) result shows that it is possible to discriminate types of coffee based on information from EEM (excitation-emission matrix) spectral data. Using SIMCA method, the discrimination model of Indonesian specialty coffee was successfully developed and resulted in high performance of discrimination with 100% of sensitivity and specificity for Peaberry, Civet and Pagar Alam coffee. This research has opened the possibility to develop a promising method to detect and evaluate authentication of Indonesian specialty coffees using fluorescence spectroscopy.
关键词： discrimination,Fluorescence Spectroscopy,authentication,Indonesian specialty coffee,SIMCA
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Sequential state discrimination of coherent states
摘要： Sequential state discrimination is a strategy for quantum state discrimination of a sender’s quantum states when N receivers are separately located. In this report, we propose optical designs that can perform sequential state discrimination of two coherent states. For this purpose, we consider not only binary phase-shifting-key (BPSK) signals but also general coherent states, with arbitrary prior probabilities. Since our optical designs do not include electric feedback, they can be implemented without difficulty. Furthermore, we analyze our proposal for the case of photon loss. We also demonstrate that sequential state discrimination of two coherent states performs better than the probabilistic quantum cloning strategy. This proposal can facilitate multiparty QKD based on coherent states.
关键词： quantum key distribution,coherent states,optical designs,sequential state discrimination,photon loss
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36