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Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery in a spherophakic lens
摘要： Rationale: Spherophakia is a rare diagnosis which is often associated with a shallow anterior chamber, angle-closure glaucoma, lens subluxation, and lenticular myopia. When cataracts occur with subluxation of the lens, vision is often markedly affected. This often presents surgeons with a unique challenge of maintaining good visual outcomes while minimizing potential complications. Patient concerns: A 48-year-old female was referred for ophthalmological assessment due to decreased vision in the left eye. In the left eye, the best-corrected visual acuity at distance was 20/125 with manifest refraction of (cid:1)6.5D + ((cid:1)0.75) D (cid:3) 118°. The slit lamp examination showed iridodonesis and a signi?cant nuclear cataract (C3N3) with tremor in the left eye. After pupil dilation, a subluxated lens, weak zonules, and “fake golden ring” within the lens was noted. Diagnosis: Due to the patient’s symptoms, examination results, she was diagnosed with cataract, subluxation of the lens and spherophakia in left eye. Interventions: The patient underwent an uneventful femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (Alcon Fort Worth, TX). The laser was able to perform a circular free-?oating anterior capsulotomy and easy lens fragmentation. Outcomes: There were no postoperative complications. At 3 months postoperatively, the uncorrected visual acuity was 20/25, and the manifest refraction was (cid:1)0.25 D (cid:1) 0.75 D (cid:3) 148° with the corrected distance visual acuity of 20/16. Lessons: Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery is an effective approach for cataract surgery in patients with subluxated and spherophakic lenses, with the bene?ts of causing minimal further zonular damage and easy lens fragmentation.
关键词： femtosecond laser,spherophakic lens,subluxated lens,cataract
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Clinical efficacy of femtosecond laser for myopia
摘要： Background: Femtosecond laser (FL) is an effective method to treat patients with myopia, but its relative efficacy and safety is still unclear. Thus, this study will be conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of FL for myopia systematically. Methods: This study will systematically retrieve the following electronic databases up to the present: Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang, VIP, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. All electronic databases will be searched without any limitations of language and publication status. RevMan 5.3 software will be utilized for statistical analysis. Results: We will summarize the targeted results evaluating the efficacy and safety of FL for patients with myopia. Conclusions: This study will provide a comprehensive evidence summary on FL for patients with myopia.
关键词： femtosecond laser,efficacy,safety,myopia
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery: A review
摘要： Purpose: Review scientific literature concerning femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery. Methods: Following databases were searched: CENTRAL (Cochrane Eyes and Vision Trials Register; Cochrane Library: Issue 2 of 12, June 2019), Ovid MEDLINE? without Revisions (1996 to June 2019), Ovid MEDLINE? (1946 to June 2019), Ovid MEDLINE? Daily Update June 2019, MEDLINE and MEDLINE Non-Indexed Items, Embase (1980–2019), Embase (1974 to June 2019), Ovid MEDLINE? and Epub Ahead of Print, in-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily (1946 to June 2019), Web of Science (all years), the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (www.controlled-trials.com), ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrial.gov) and World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (www.who.int/ictrp/search/en). Search terms/keywords included ‘Femtosecond laser’ combined with ‘cataract’, ‘cataract surgery’. Results: Based on quality of their methodology and their originality, 121 articles were reviewed, including randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, case-controlled studies, case series, case reports and laboratory studies. Each step of the femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery procedure (corneal incisions, arcuate keratotomies, capsulotomy and lens fragmentation) has been discussed with relevance to published outcomes, as well as complication rates of femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery, and what we can learn from the larger studies/meta-analyses and the economics of femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery within different healthcare settings. Conclusion: Studies suggest that the current clinical outcomes of femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery are not different to conventional phacoemulsification surgery and it is not cost effective when compared with conventional phacoemulsification surgery. In its current technological form, it is a useful surgical tool in specific complex cataract scenarios, but its usage has not been shown to translate into better clinical outcomes.
关键词： Cataract,phacoemulsification,femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Visual Quality After Femtosecond Laser Small Incision Lenticule Extraction
摘要： Femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) is a newly developed form of “flapless” corneal refractive surgery with all-in-one technology. Femtosecond laser SMILE is increasingly attractive for both doctors and patients because it is minimally invasive and does not require a flap to be lifted during surgery. It exhibits many advantages in terms of morphology, biomechanical effects, corneal wound healing, and nerve rehabilitation. However, visual quality assessment after refractive surgeries is just as important as these advantages and correlates with patient satisfaction. Evaluation indexes for visual quality include visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, aberration, intraocular scattering, and so on. This paper reviewed visual quality and patient satisfaction after SMILE for myopia correction.
关键词： aberration,contrast sensitivity,lenticule extraction,myopia,femtosecond laser,scattering,small incision,visual quality
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Femtosecond Lasers and Corneal Surgical Procedures
摘要： Our purpose is to present a broad review about the principles, early history, evolution, applications, and complications of femtosecond lasers used in refractive and nonrefractive corneal surgical procedures. Femtosecond laser technology added not only safety, precision, and reproducibility to established corneal surgical procedures such as laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and astigmatic keratotomy, but it also introduced new promising concepts such as the intrastromal lenticule procedures with refractive lenticule extraction (ReLEx). Over time, the refinements in laser optics and the overall design of femtosecond laser platforms led to it becoming an essential tool for corneal surgeons. In conclusion, femtosecond laser is a heavily utilized tool in refractive and nonrefractive corneal surgical procedures, and further technological advances are likely to expand its applications.
关键词： intrastromal corneal ring segments,keratoplasty,femtosecond laser,SMILE,LASIK
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Femtosecond-laser-ablation induced transformations in the structure and surface properties of diamond-like nanocomposite films
摘要： Femtosecond laser ablation processing is applied for surface modification and micropatterning of diamond-like nanocomposite (DLN) films (a-C:H:Si:O films). Using a visible femtosecond laser (wavelength 515 nm, pulse duration 320 fs), microgroove patterns have been fabricated on the DLN films, aimed at further studies of their properties. The studies were focused on (i) structural transformations in the surface layers using Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), (ii) wettability of laser-patterned films, and (iii) nano/microscale friction properties of laser-patterned DLN films using lateral force microscopy. Raman spectroscopy and TEM data showed characteristic features of the surface graphitization during ultrashort-pulse ablation. High resolution TEM study of the microgrooves revealed the formation of cubic SiC nanocrystals (4–8 nm size) on the laser-ablated surface. The water contact angle measurements showed anisotropic wetting behavior of the grooved surfaces (the contact angle was different in the directions parallel and perpendicular to microgrooves), depending on the groove depth (aspect ratio). Lateral force microscopy examination (with micro-sized Si tips) showed that the laser-patterned regions exhibited low friction properties compared to the original surface. The obtained results demonstrate that femtosecond laser processing is an effective technique to generate new properties of hard DLN coatings at the micro and macroscale.
关键词： Diamond-like nanocomposite films,Femtosecond laser ablation,Micropatterning,SiC nanocrystals,Graphitization,Wettability
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Characterisation of silicon fibre Bragg grating in near-infrared band for strain and temperature sensing
摘要： Fibre Bragg grating inscription in the crystalline silicon (Si)-core fibre is described using visible light femtosecond laser pulses. The femtosecond pulses at 517 nm propagate through the transparent silica glass cladding and are fully absorbed by the Si core generating locally high temperatures and stress fields in forming the grating periods. The Si FBGs were characterised in reflection, calibrated for a first time as strain and temperature sensors and compared with that of FBGs inscribed in standard silica fibres.
关键词： temperature sensing,femtosecond laser inscription,silicon fibre Bragg grating,near-infrared band,strain sensing
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Reducing Adhesion for Dispensing Tiny Water/Oil Droplet and Gas Bubble by Femtosecond Laser-Treated Needle Nozzles: Superhydrophobicity, Superoleophobicity, and Superaerophobicity
摘要： Three-level microstructures were formed on the stainless steel surfaces by simple femtosecond laser ablation. The structured surfaces exhibit superhydrophilicity in air and superoleophobicity/superaerophobicity in water. After further stearic acid modification, the surfaces turned to superhydrophobicity and underwater superoleophilicity/superaerophilicity. Through this technique, the nozzle of a needle is transformed to possess superwettabilities. When the nozzles were used to release liquid and gas, the sizes of the dispensed water and oil droplets and air bubbles were dramatically reduced. Particularly, we demonstrate that the underwater superaerophobic nozzle could dispense air bubbles in nanoliter volume without the need of reducing the nozzle diameter. The liquid retention at the opening of the needle was also effectively prevented. Therefore, the reduced droplet/bubble size and retention allow us to achieve a dramatically enhanced volume accuracy and resolution when manipulation and transport of aqueous solutions and gases. The femtosecond laser-induced superwetting nozzles can be used in high-resolution liquid transport, inkjet printing, 3D printing, pipettes, medical devices, cell engineering, biological detection, microchemical reactor, and the cleaner of industrial gas emission.
关键词： underwater superoleophobicity,underwater superaerophobicity,superhydrophobicity,femtosecond laser,needle nozzle
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Broad-range ultrafast all-optical red-shifting of EUV surface plasmons: Proof-of-principle and advanced surface nanotexturing in aluminum
摘要： Using aluminum as an example, ultrafast sub-ablative broad-range (EUV-IR) spectral tuning of surface plasmon resonance in metals by IR femtosecond laser pulses was demonstrated by theoretical modeling of prompt surface optics for strongly photoexcited materials and of their surface plasmon-polariton (SPP) dispersion curves, as well as by experimental multi-shot laser imprinting of surface plasmon-polaritons as large-scale regular surface ripples with minimal sub-di?raction periods down to 200 nm. According to laser-pump self-re?ection and charge emission experiments, the key issue in the prompt optical tuning (spectral red-shifting) of EUV surface plasmon resonance in aluminum by the IR laser pulses is related to ultrafast surface charging of its surface via intense electron emission during the laser pump pulse, depleting its surface electron density and simultaneously decreasing its surface/bulk plasma frequencies, at the corresponding negligible surface ablative etching.
关键词： Surface nanoripples,Femtosecond laser excitation,Spectral tuning,EUV surface plasmon resonance,Electronic heating and charging,Aluminum
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Higher-order coupling mode for orientation-dependent bend measurement using an off-axis FBG inscription over few-mode fiber
摘要： An off-axis fiber Bragg grating (FBG) was proposed and demonstrated for orientation-dependent bend measurement. The FBG was formed in a few-mode fiber (FMF) over core and cladding via high peak power femtosecond laser and phase mask technique. Three clear resonances were observed in the reflection spectrum, which were corresponding to fundamental mode (LP01), first-order mode (LP11) and the coupling mode (LP01-11). LP01-11 mode presents highly intensity response to the fiber bend without any wavelength change due to its unique mode field. And the FBG eccentric inscription further enhances the polarization of LP01-11 so that the sensor was directionally sensitive to the fiber bend by the intensity interrogation. Moreover, the wavelength-referenced temperature information could be demonstrated together with the fiber bend. The sensor was a good candidate for bend and temperature measurement simultaneously.
关键词： orientation-dependent bend sensor,Femtosecond laser,FM-FBG
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36