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Effect of Cu <sub/>2</sub> O Content in Electrodeposited CuOx Film on Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： It is well known that the di?erent proportions of CuO and Cu2O in CuOx hole transfer materials have a great in°uence on the hole transport property as well as the device performances of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this paper, we changed the content of Cu2O in the ˉlm by controlling the deposition voltage during electrodeposition, and the e?ects of di?erent contents of Cu2O in the ˉlms on the device were investigated for the ˉrst time. It was found that the content of Cu2O in the ˉlm reached the highest point with the deposition voltage 0.5 V, such ˉlms have the highest transmittance and carrier mobility. After assembling the device, the power conversion e±ciency (PCE) of the champion device reached 13.48% under a one-sun AM 1.5 G (100 mW/ cm 2T illumination. Furthermore, the unpackaged device based on CuOx still retained over 75% PCE after being placed in the ambient condition (30–40% humidity, 20–30 (cid:1)CT for 500 h.
关键词： Electrochemical deposition,CuOx,hole transport materials.,perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Dopant-free benzothiadiazole bridged hole transport materials for highly stable and efficient perovskite solar cells
摘要： D-A-D typed hole transport materials have been designed and synthesized with benzothiadiazole acceptor unit by introducing electron-withdrawing group fluorine atoms and electron-donating group alkoxy as side group. It is found that the three hole transport materials have a low-lying HOMO energy level and higher hole mobility. Furthermore, when these materials are applied in perovskite solar cell, the higher hole mobility (1.02×10-3 cm2·V?1·s?1) make the B3, which the fluorine atoms on core acceptor without dopant, get a power conversion efficiency of 12.1%, while spiro-OMeTAD based dopant-free perovskite solar cell only shows a 7.96% efficiency. In addition, the long-term stability of the perovskite solar cells based all the three hole transport materials improved greatly, especially B1-based cells show a favorable long-term stability, which keeps a 90% initial efficiency after 10 days at a relative humidity of 30%. Therefore, the D-A-D typed hole transport materials have a good application prospects in the field of perovskite solar cells with the incorporation of appropriate side group.
关键词： side group,perovskite solar cells,acceptor,hole transport materials,D-A-D
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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High Electron Affinity Enables Fast Hole Extraction for Efficient Flexible Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with low-temperature processed hole transporting materials (HTMs) suffer from poor performance due to the inferior hole-extraction capability at the HTM/perovskite interfaces. Here, molecules with controlled electron affinity enable a HTM with conductivity improved by more than ten times and a decreased energy gap between the Fermi level and the valence band from 0.60 to 0.24 eV, leading to the enhancement of hole-extraction capacity by five times. As a result, the 3,6-difluoro-2,5,7,7,8,8-hexacyanoquinodimethane molecules are used for the first time enhancing open-circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF) of the PSCs, which enable rigid-and flexible-based inverted perovskite devices achieving highest power conversion efficiencies of 22.13% and 20.01%, respectively. This new method significantly enhances the Voc and FF of the PSCs, which can be widely combined with HTMs based on not only NiOx but also PTAA, PEDOTT:PSS, and CuSCN, providing a new way of realizing efficient inverted PSCs.
关键词： hole transport materials,perovskite solar cells,low-temperature processed
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Polyfluorene Copolymers as High‐Performance Hole Transport Materials for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) that can be entirely processed at low temperatures have attracted growing attention owing to their cost-effective production. Hole-transport materials (HTMs) play an essential role in achieving efficient inverted PSCs, as they determine the effectiveness of charge extraction and recombination at interfaces. In this study, three polyfluorene copolymers (TFB, PFB and PFO) were investigated as HTMs for construction of inverted PSCs. It is found that the photovoltaic performance of the solar cells is closely correlated with the electronic properties of the HTMs. Owing to its high mobility along with the favored energy level alignment with perovskite, TFB showed superior charge extraction and suppressed interfacial recombination than PFB- and PFO-based devices, which delivers a high efficiency of 18.48% with an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of up to 1.1 V. In contrast, the presence of a large energy barrier in the PFO-based devices resulted in substantial losses in both VOC and photocurrent. These results demonstrate that TFB could serve as a superior HTM for inverted PSCs. Moreover, we anticipate that the performance of the three HTMs identified here might guide molecular design of novel HTMs for the manufacture of highly efficient inverted PSCs.
关键词： hole-transport materials,charge extraction,polyfluorene copolymers,photovoltaic performance,inverted perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Dibenzo[ <i>b,d</i> ]thiophene‐Cored Hole‐Transport Material with Passivation Effect Enabling the High Efficiency Planar <i>P‐I‐N</i> Perovskite Solar Cells with 83% Fill Factor
摘要： N2,N2,N8,N8-tetrakis(4-(methylthio)phenyl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophene-2,8-diamine (abbreviated as DBTMT) is synthesized from three commercial monomers, for the application as a promising dopant-free hole-transport material (HTM) in perovskite solar cells (pero-SCs). The intrinsic properties (optical properties and electronic energy levels, etc.) of DBTMT are investigated proving that DBTMT is a suitable HTM for the planar p-i-n pero-SCs. Champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the optimized pero-SCs (with structure as ITO/ pristine DBTMT/MAPbI3/C60/BCP/Ag), reaches 21.12% with a fill factor (FF) of 83.25%, which is among the highest PCE and FF for the planar p-i-n pero-SCs based on the dopant-free HTMs. The FTIR, the XRD and the XPS spectra of MAPbI3 and DBTMT-MAPbI3 films are monitored further, demonstrating that there is interaction between DBTMT and MAPbI3 at the interface through the sulphur atoms in DBTMT to passivate the defects, which is corresponding to the higher FF and PCE of the corresponding device.
关键词： planar p-i-n perovskite solar cells,hole-transport materials,passivation
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Dopant-free molecular hole transport material that mediates a 20% power conversion efficiency in a perovskite solar cell
摘要： Organic molecular hole-transport materials (HTMs) are appealing for the scalable manufacture of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) because they are easier to reproducibly prepare in high purity than polymeric and inorganic HTMs. There is also a need to construct PSCs without dopants and additives to avoid formidable engineering and stability issues. We report here a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.6% with a molecular HTM in an inverted (p–i–n) PSC without any dopants or interlayers. This new benchmark was made possible by the discovery that, upon annealing, a spiro-based dopant-free HTM (denoted DFH) containing redox-active triphenyl amine (TPA) units undergoes preferential molecular organization normal to the substrate. This structural order, governed by the strong intermolecular interactions of the DFH dioxane groups, affords high intrinsic hole mobility (1 (cid:2) 10(cid:3)3 cm2 V(cid:3)1 s(cid:3)1). Annealing films of DFH also enables the growth of large perovskite grains (up to 2 lm) that minimize charge recombination in the PSC. DFH can also be isolated at a fraction of the cost of any other organic HTM.
关键词： molecular organization,dopant-free,perovskite solar cells,hole-transport materials,power conversion efficiency
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Synthesis of new simple hole-transport materials bearing benzodithiazole based core for perovskite solar cells
摘要： Benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole(BT) core-based novel organic hole-transport materials (HTMs) BTT-PMe and BTT-2F are successfully synthesized for perovskite solar cells. The new HTMs are prepared by the simpler synthetic route with cost-effective purification steps. These HTMs are structurally confirmed by NMR, FT-IR and mass spectroscopy. The optical parameters are analysed using the UV–Vis spectrophotometer and cyclic voltammetry. To further confirmation of these properties we conducted the theoretical studies, which are fully matched with the experimental data. We have studied the effect of fluorine atom for its photo physical properties.
关键词： Photophysical properties,Perovskite solar cells,Benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole,Hole-transport materials (HTMs)
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Research progress and design strategy of hole transport materials for perovskite solar cells
摘要： In this paper, the hole transport layer in perovskite solar cells is divided into inorganic materials, organic small molecular materials and polymer materials, and their development in recent years is reviewed. After focusing on the factors affecting the transport ability of the hole transport layer, it was found that the thiophene structure and the triphenylamine group can significantly improve the hole transporting ability of the hole transporting material, thereby designing two novel hole transporting materials TTT and TST. According to the simulation calculation of density functional theory, the energy level prediction of TTT and TST shows that the HOMO energy level can reach -5.27eV and -5.33eV respectively, which can achieve better energy level matching.
关键词： energy level matching,perovskite solar cells,thiophene structure,hole transport materials,triphenylamine group
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Electro-active nanofibers of a tetrathiafulvalene derivative with amide hydrogen bonds as a dopant-free hole transport material for perovskite solar cells
摘要： A tetrathiafulvalene derivative containing two amide units for intermolecular hydrogen bonds (Bis-amide-TTF) was found to form supramolecular assemblies, in which intermolecular TTF cores were stacked with each other. The electrical conductivity of Bis-amide-TTF-based film was 1.28 × 10?5 S cm?1, which was greater than that of spiro-OMeTAD doped with lithium salt and t-butylpyridine (8.37 × 10?6 S cm?1). Bis-amide-TTF was applied as a hole transport material (HTM) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The Bis-amide-TTF film has a deeper HOMO level than that of spiro-OMeTAD, leading to an increased open-circuit voltage of the PSCs. The power conversion efficiency of 14.5% with a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 19.8 mA cm?2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.11 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 66% was achieved for PSCs fabricated with the dopant-free Bis-amide-TTF-based HTM, which was comparable to that obtained with spiro-OMeTAD with the dopants (15.5%).
关键词： Hole transport materials,Nanofibers,Hydrogen bonds,Tetrathiafulvalene,Dopant free,Perovskite solar cells
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Performance of WO <sub/>3</sub> -Incorporated Carbon Electrodes for Ambient Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： The stability of perovskite solar cells (PSC) is often compromised by the organic hole transport materials (HTMs). We report here the effect of WO3 as an inorganic HTM for carbon electrodes for improved stability in PSCs, which are made under ambient conditions. Sequential fabrication of the PSC was performed under ambient conditions with mesoporous TiO2/Al2O3/CH3NH3PbI3 layers, and, on the top of these layers, the WO3 nanoparticle-embedded carbon electrode was used. Different concentrations of WO3 nanoparticles as HTM incorporated in carbon counter electrodes were tested, which varied the stability of the cell under ambient conditions. The addition of 7.5% WO3 (by volume) led to a maximum power conversion efficiency of 10.5%, whereas the stability of the cells under ambient condition was ～350 h, maintaining ～80% of the initial efficiency under light illumination. At the same time, the higher WO3 concentration exhibited an efficiency of 9.5%, which was stable up to ～500 h with a loss of only ～15% of the initial efficiency under normal atmospheric conditions and light illumination. This work demonstrates an effective way to improve the stability of carbon-based perovskite solar cells without affecting the efficiency for future applications.
关键词： inorganic hole transport materials,stability,perovskite solar cells,carbon electrodes,WO3,ambient conditions
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22