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Parameter Studies of Ceramic MEMS Microhotplates Fabricated by Laser Micromilling Technology
摘要： This paper presents a modeling of technology aspects for fabrication ceramic microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) microhotplate and surface mounting device (SMD) packaging for (MOX) gas sensors applications. Innovative claims include: demonstration of flexible opportunities for new fabrication process flows based on laser micromilling tech; modeling of power consumption MEMS microhotplate depending on the thickness and topology; demonstration of necessity changing thick film technology of metallization to vacuum sputtering by reducing of power consumption. The results show possibility to fast fabrication of different topologies for ceramic MEMS microhotplate in form-factor of SOT-23 type SMD package.
关键词： thick film technology,modeling,microhotplate,MEMS,ceramic
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Machine Learning Based Approaches for Modeling the Output Power of Photovoltaic Array in Real Outdoor Conditions
摘要： It is important to investigate the long‐term performances of an accurate modeling of photovoltaic (PV) systems, especially in the prediction of output power, with single and double diode models as the configurations mainly applied for this purpose. However, the use of one configuration to model PV panel limits the accuracy of its predicted performances. This paper proposes a new hybrid approach based on classification algorithms in the machine learning framework that combines both single and double models in accordance with the climatic condition in order to predict the output PV power with higher accuracy. Classification trees, k‐nearest neighbor, discriminant analysis, Na?ve Bayes, support vector machines (SVMs), and classification ensembles algorithms are investigated to estimate the PV power under different conditions of the Mediterranean climate. The examined classification algorithms demonstrate that the double diode model seems more relevant for low and medium levels of solar irradiance and temperature. Accuracy between 86% and 87.5% demonstrates the high potential of the classification techniques in the PV power predicting. The normalized mean absolute error up to 1.5% ensures errors less than those obtained from both single‐diode and double‐diode equivalent‐circuit models with a reduction up to 0.15%. The proposed hybrid approach using machine learning (ML) algorithms could be a key solution for photovoltaic and industrial software to predict more accurate performances.
关键词： prediction of performances,PV modules modeling,classification algorithms,equivalent‐circuit models,machine learning
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Dynamics of dual-pulse laser energy deposition in a supersonic flow
摘要： Dynamics of plasma generated by the dual-pulse laser in a supersonic flow was studied numerically. The mathematical model includes species, momentum, electronic, vibrational and translational energy equations for the multicomponent ionized air. The model examines temporal dynamics of the formed air plasma and how it affects the drag, pressure signature and vorticity generation in a supersonic flow around a wedge. We observed that nonequilibrium plasmas is more effective in the drag reduction compared with the simultaneous thermal energy addition. The maximum drag reduction of around 50% and the maximum drag coefficient reduction of 30% was attained through the dual-pulse laser energy deposition. Variation of the plasma spot orientation did not significantly influence the drag reduction. We suggested that the surface pressure changes were not controlled by the vorticity generation but occurred due to the density changes and the formation of the low–density plasma spot.
关键词： supersonic flow control,energy deposition,laser,numerical modeling
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Elliptic cavity filled with hybrid nanomaterial under consideration of magnetic field
摘要： CVFEM usage for modeling of nanomaterial flow style in a permeable elliptical tank including Lorentz effect was scrutinized in current research. Hybrid material with use of homogeneous model was applied and radiation term has been involved in governing equations. Outputs have been depicted in contours and plots. In addition, new formula for Nu was reported. Augment of Nu with considering greater permeability can be explained by stronger temperature gradient in cases with higher Da. Nanomaterial flow become suppress with augment of Ha which results lower Nu. As Ha augment from 0 to 20, 18% reduction has been reported in Nu. Permeability has favor influence on nanomaterial flow and the impact of Ha is opposite of permeability.
关键词： Numerical modeling,Radiation,Hybrid nanomaterial,Lorentz
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A socio-psychological model of laser levelling impacts assessment
摘要： Application of technologies has an important role in agricultural development. Identifying and assessing the impacts of agricultural technologies is necessary. This study aimed at assessing the impacts of laser levelling economically, socially, environmentally, and technically in the viewpoint of the agricultural experts and identifying factors determining their perception of the impacts. The study samples (151 experts) were selected using multi-stage random sampling in Fars Province, Iran. The results revealed that experts considered uniform distribution of water, using conservation tillage, facilitating agricultural activities, decreased water consumption and decrease of water wasting as the most important technical impacts of laser levelling technology. The most environmentally important impacts were the decrease of soil erosion and retention of crop residues. Experts stated the most significant social impacts as improvement in villages living conditions and sense of belonging to rural areas. Besides, an increase of income and reduction of inputs costs were among the economic impacts of laser levelling technology. According to the results, attitude towards water and soil resources conservation and environmental beliefs had the highest direct effect on individual perception toward impacts. Practical recommendations have been presented based on the results of the study.
关键词： Laser land levelling,Iran,Structural equation modeling,Environmental impact assessment
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Ultra-High-Speed 2:1 Digital Selector and Plasmonic Modulator IM/DD Transmitter Operating at 222 GBaud for Intra-Datacenter Applications
摘要： This paper presents a physics-based compact modeling approach that incorporates the impact of total ionizing dose (TID) and stress-induced defects into simulations of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices and integrated circuits (ICs). This approach utilizes calculations of surface potential (ψs) to capture the charge contribution from oxide trapped charge and interface traps and to describe their impact on MOS electrostatics and device operating characteristics as a function of ionizing radiation exposure and aging effects. The modeling approach is demonstrated for bulk and silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MOS device. The formulation is verified using TCAD simulations and through the comparison of model calculations and experimental I-V characteristics from irradiated devices. The modeling approach is suitable for simulating TID and aging effects in advanced MOS devices and ICs, and is compatible with modern MOSFET compact modeling techniques. A circuit-level demonstration is given for TID and aging effects in SRAM cells.
关键词： compact modeling,SOI,ionizing radiation,semiconductor devices,MOSFET,Aging effects
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2020 10th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC) - Las Vegas, NV, USA (2020.1.6-2020.1.8)] 2020 10th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC) - DFB Laser Chip Defect Detection Based on Successive Subspace Learning
摘要： This paper presents a physics-based compact modeling approach that incorporates the impact of total ionizing dose (TID) and stress-induced defects into simulations of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices and integrated circuits (ICs). This approach utilizes calculations of surface potential (ψs) to capture the charge contribution from oxide trapped charge and interface traps and to describe their impact on MOS electrostatics and device operating characteristics as a function of ionizing radiation exposure and aging effects. The modeling approach is demonstrated for bulk and silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MOS device. The formulation is verified using TCAD simulations and through the comparison of model calculations and experimental I-V characteristics from irradiated devices. The modeling approach is suitable for simulating TID and aging effects in advanced MOS devices and ICs, and is compatible with modern MOSFET compact modeling techniques. A circuit-level demonstration is given for TID and aging effects in SRAM cells.
关键词： MOSFET,SOI,semiconductor devices,compact modeling,ionizing radiation,Aging effects
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Compact Fully Metallic Millimeter-Wave Waveguide-Fed Periodic Leaky-Wave Antenna Based on Corrugated Parallel-Plate Waveguides
摘要： A three-dimensional (3-D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm is used in order to simulate ground penetrating radar (GPR) for landmine detection. Two bowtie GPR transducers are chosen for the simulations and two widely employed antipersonnel (AP) landmines, namely PMA-1 and PMN are used. The validity of the modeled antennas and landmines is tested through a comparison between numerical and laboratory measurements. The modeled AP landmines are buried in a realistically simulated soil. The geometrical characteristics of soil’s inhomogeneity are modeled using fractal correlated noise, which gives rise to Gaussian semivariograms often encountered in the field. Fractals are also employed in order to simulate the roughness of the soil’s surface. A frequency-dependent complex electrical permittivity model is used for the dielectric properties of the soil, which relates both the velocity and the attenuation of the electromagnetic waves with the soil’s bulk density, sand particles density, clay fraction, sand fraction, and volumetric water fraction. Debye functions are employed to simulate this complex electrical permittivity. Background features like vegetation and water puddles are also included in the models and it is shown that they can affect the performance of GPR at frequencies used for landmine detection (0.5–3 GHz). It is envisaged that this modeling framework would be useful as a testbed for developing novel GPR signal processing and interpretations procedures and some preliminary results from using it in such a way are presented.
关键词： rough surface,GPR,water puddles,modeling,FDTD,antipersonnel (AP) landmines,roots,dispersive,fractals,Antennas,bowtie,GprMax,grass,vegetation
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Highly Reliable WLEDs With All-Inorganic Packaging Structure by Soldering Phosphor-in-Glass
摘要： Smart grids are electric networks that employ advanced monitoring, control, and communication technologies to deliver reliable and secure energy supply, enhance operation efficiency for generators and distributors, and provide flexible choices for prosumers. Smart grids are a combination of complex physical network systems and cyber systems that face many technological challenges. In this paper, we will first present an overview of these challenges in the context of cyber–physical systems. We will then outline potential contributions that cyber–physical systems can make to smart grids, as well as the challenges that smart grids present to cyber–physical systems. Finally, implications of current technological advances to smart grids are outlined.
关键词： control,cyber–physical systems,modeling,smart grids,Big data,optimization,renewable energy,cloud computing,multiagent systems,intelligent systems,complex networks
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2019 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT) - Guangzhou, China (2019.5.19-2019.5.22)] 2019 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT) - Waveguide Switchable Bandstop and Bandpass Filters Using RF MEMS Switches
摘要： Modular multilevel converter (MMC) topology is discussed intensively as a crucial part of future dc grids, especially to integrate offshore wind power. While generalized voltage-source converter models are usually utilized for multiterminal investigations, conclusions on transient dc grid behavior and on ac–dc interactions during distorted ac grid conditions are hard to draw or are limited in their signi?cance. In this paper, a MMC-based dc grid framework with a tripartite focus on an internal converter as well as dc and ac grid control is presented. Besides, an evaluation of the implemented MMC model that incorporates the available arm sum voltage, a decoupled ac and dc current system control concept that is suitable to handle unbalanced voltage conditions is derived for HVDC applications. Combined with wind farm arrays, this collocation allows a meaningful examination of hybrid ACDC structures and the implemented dc grid control methodologies. To provide proof of the universal applicability of this framework, simulations are carried out on a ?ve-terminal system.
关键词： MMC energy balancing,unbalanced operation,wind power integration,HVDC grid control,Generalized modular multilevel converter (MMC) modeling,power converter
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57