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Selective laser melting of Inconel 718 under high laser power
摘要： Selective laser melting (SLM) process has been lately extensively applied in manufacturing of Nickel-based super alloys, which compared to conventional manufacturing routes offers increased design flexibility and simplification of the manufacturing process. However, in order to make SLM process even more beneficial, its process time has to be reduced. One of the ways to tackle this problem is by tailoring process parameters through application of high laser power and base plate pre-heating. In this paper, a comparative study of optimum SLM fabrication conditions of Inconel 718 superalloy under high laser power and with and without plate pre-heating was conducted. Furthermore, the effect of layer thickness on melt pool characteristics, porosity and hardness were investigated to determine how laser power and pre-heating affect microstructure development.
关键词： Additive manufacturing,Texture,Grain structure,Selective laser melting,Nickel alloy
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Scanning atmospheric-pressure plasma jet treatment of nickel oxide with peak temperature of a??500 ?°C for fabricating pa??ia??n structure perovskite solar cells
摘要： Scanning atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ) treatment of nickel oxide with a peak temperature of 500 °C was performed for fabricating p–i–n structure perovskite solar cells (PSCs). APPJ post-treatment leading to enhanced light scattering in PSCs that in turn increases the haze of NiO on FTO glass, improves the cell efficiency. APPJ treatment on NiO also improves the wettability to facilitate the follow-up deposition of CH3NH3PbI3. This also leads to better PSC performance. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates that APPJ treatment results in fewer C–N bonds and reduced NiAc2 content, suggesting more complete conversion of the liquid precursor into NiO. With three APPJ scans, the average PCE improves from 11.91% to 13.47%, with the best-performing PSC achieving an efficiency of 15.67%.
关键词： X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,light scattering,Scanning atmospheric-pressure plasma jet,perovskite solar cells,wettability,nickel oxide
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Boosting the Conversion Efficiency Over 20 % in MAPbI <sub/>3</sub> Perovskite Planar Solar Cells by Employing Solution-Processed Aluminum-Doped Nickel Oxide Hole Collector
摘要： Recently, nickel oxide (NiOx) thin films have been used as an efficient and robust hole transport layer (HTL) in inverted planar perovskite solar cells (IP-PSCs) to replace costly and unstable organic transport materials. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of most IP-PSCs using NiOx HTLs is rather limited below 20 % due to insufficient electronic conductivity of the NiOx. In this work, solution-processed Al-doped NiOx (ANO) films are suggested as HTLs for low cost and stable IP-PSCs. The electrical conductivity of the NiOx film is significantly enhanced by the Al doping which effectively reduces the non-radiative recombination losses at the HTL(cid:150)perovskite interfaces and boosts hole extraction/transportation. The device with undoped NiOx shows the best PCE of 16.56 %, whereas ANO HTL (5 % doping) contributes to achieve a PCE of 20.84 %, which outperforms other CH3NH3PbI3 IP-PSCs with NiOx-based HTLs reported to date. Moreover, a reliability test (1728 h storage) shows that the performance stability is enhanced by approximately 11 % by employing ANO HTLs. This investigation into ANO HTLs provides a new guideline for the further development of highly efficient and reliable IP-PSCs using low cost and robust metal oxide HTLs.
关键词： Perovskite,Solar cells,Hole transport layer,Nickel oxide,Aluminum
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Thermoelectric Properties of (100) Oriented Silicon and Nickel Silicide Nanocomposite Films Grown on Si on Insulator and Si on Quartz Glass Substrates
摘要： We have grown (100) oriented composite films of Si and Ni silicide nanocrystals (Ni–Si NC film) on substrates of Si on insulator (SOI) and Si on quartz glass (SOQ). Owing to improvement of carrier transport properties and reduction of the thermal conductivity in the oriented films, they have higher dimensionless figures of merit, ZT of 0.22–0.42 for p-type Ni–Si NC film and 0.08–0.13 for n-type Ni–Si NC film than that of bulk Si (ZT < 0.01) at 30°C. The ZT values of p-type and n-type Ni–Si NC films were increased to 0.65 and 0.40 at 500°C, respectively.
关键词： silicon based thermoelectric materials,nanocomposite films,nickel silicide nanocrystals,silicon nanostructures,phonon scattering
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Stabilization of GaAs photoanodes by in-situ deposition of nickel-borate surface catalyst as hole trapping sites
摘要： Although semiconducting gallium arsenide (GaAs) possesses an ideal band gap for efficient solar-driven fuel synthesis, it is extremely unstable in aqueous media, undergoing facile photocorrosion and therefore is seldom used. We have addressed this stability problem to some extent using a strategy of introducing a Ni-B surface catalyst onto p/n junction GaAs by in-situ photoassisted electrodeposition. A monolithic layer of Ni-B/Ga(As)Ox was generated during the Ni-B deposition process, resulting in a Ni-B/Ga(As)Ox/GaAs photoanode structure. Such structure was optimized by varying the GaAs surface architecture, electrolyte pH value and Ni-B deposition time to achieve optimal photoelectrochemical performance, together with improved stability. The optimized photoanode (Ni-B/Ga(As)Ox/shallow GaAs with 0.5 h Ni-B deposition time (~ 900 nm thickness of Ni-B/Ga(As)Ox layer) exhibited a very high photocurrent, leading to a nearly 22 hour stable photocurrent density of 20 mA/cm2, while the bare GaAs represents 60 % photocurrent loss after three hours under continuous one sun illumination (100 mW/cm2) in an alkaline media (pH=14). This remarkable performance in both photocurrent and stability directly address the current severe limitations in the application of GaAs photoanodes for solar fuel synthesis, and maybe applicable to other unstable photoelectrodes.
关键词： Nickel borate,Photoanode stabilization,Gallium arsenide,Solar energy conversion
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Growth, Thermal and Spectroscopic Studies of Bis-thiourea Nickel Barium Chloride Single Crystals
摘要： Bis-thiourea nickel barium chloride was synthesized and crystals were grown by slow aqueous solvent evaporation technique. The powder XRD analysis of grown crystal was suggested to have orthorhombic crystal structure. The unit cell parameters of grown crystal as: a = 9.70 ?, b = 10.68 ? and c = 17.95 ?. The contents of nickel and barium in the grown crystals was analyzed using EDAX. The presence of various functional groups was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy studies. From the UV-visible spectrum, the material has about 90 % optical transparency in the entire visible region. From the thermogravimetric analysis, it was found that the crystals remained stable up to 170 oC. The endothermic reactions were identified from the differential thermal analysis.
关键词： Crystal growth,Slow evaporation technique,Bis-thiourea nickel barium chloride,Powder X-ray diffraction
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Aryl triazene derivative immobilized on agarose membrane for selective optical sensing and quantitation of Ni2+ in water
摘要： An aryl triazene (3-hydroxy-3-phenyl triaz-1-en-1-benzoic acid) was synthesized and first utilized as a highly selective ligand for the preparation of a novel optical sensor for nickel ion determination in aqueous solutions. The ligand was chemically bonded to a transparent agarose membrane after its epoxy activation for this purpose. Study of the complex formation between the ligand and some metal ions including Ni2+, Cu2+, UO2 2+, Cr3+, Fe3+, Mg2+, Co2+, Pb2+, Ca2+, and Ag+, in aqueous media, indicated a high selectivity towards Ni2+ and Cu2+ for it. After immobilization of the ligand on the agarose membrane, its selectivity for Ni2+ was substantially increased and a more distinct isosbestic point was observed. In addition, a sharp color change from yellow to green was detected upon contact with a solution of nickel ion at pH 9. The effects of pH, ligand concentration, response time, and interfering ions were carefully studied for the optical sensor. No significant interference from the above metal ions was observed. The absorbance of the membrane at 420 nm was linear for Ni2+ concentrations up to 9 × 10?4 mol L?1 with an R2 of 0.991. A detection limit of 2.74 × 10?6 mol L?1, repeatability of 2.2%, and reproducibility of 4.2% were obtained for the Ni2+ quantitation. The optical sensor was used for the analysis of nickel ion in some river water samples with satisfactory results.
关键词： Agarose membrane,Aryl triazene,Nickel ion,Optical sensor
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 13th Nanotechnology Materials and Devices Conference (NMDC) - Portland, OR, USA (2018.10.14-2018.10.17)] 2018 IEEE 13th Nanotechnology Materials and Devices Conference (NMDC) - Magnetic Characterization of Cobalt Selenide and Nickel Selenide Thin Films
摘要： Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are a family of materials whose crystalline structure consists of a layer of transition metal atoms sandwiched between 2 layers of chalcogenide atoms. Some of these materials can be grown in 2D hexagonal phase and show tunability of their electrical and magnetic properties based on layer thickness. One aspect of these materials that has received little attention is their magnetic properties. Hence, we have investigated magnetic properties of CoSe and NiSe their heterostructure. The reason for choosing these intrinsically ferromagnetic transition metal atoms based TMCs was to examine how reduction from the bulk to 2D films would influence the magnetic activity of these samples. In order to produce large area films, we have employed atomic layer deposition (ALD) for growth of uniform, few layer-thick films. First the composition and crystal structure of these films are characterized, and then their magnetic properties analyzed. We have found that thin films of both these materials show mostly paramagnetic behavior.
关键词： cobalt selenide,magnetic properties,Transition metal chalcogenides,thin film,nickel selenide
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Completely aqueous route for metallization of structural polymeric materials in micro-electro-mechanical systems
摘要： A one-step aqueous diazonium-based process has been proved e?cient with respect to the covalent grafting of aminophenyl layers onto KMPR photoresist polymer. In contact with acidic palladium chloride solution for only a few minutes, the positively charged protonated aminophenyl groups on the modi?ed KMPR surface can electrostatically immobilize PdCl4 2? complexes. This KMPR surface functionalized with palladium-aminophenyl complex activators enables initialize the subsequent autocatalytic deposition of nickel (electroless nickel plating) and leads to a formation of adhesive nickel-boron ?lm onto KMPR substrate. Our proposed green chemistry strategy for the metallization of KMPR photoresist polymer via the diazonium reduction suggests an opportunity to bene?t from the incomparable physico-chemical properties of KMPR by integrating it within MEMS structures. The obtained 60 nm thick and compact nickel?boron alloy (93:7 by weight), evidenced through SEM, AFM and XPS techniques, can be used as a conductive seed layer for direct electrolytic deposition of copper. Consequently, a vacuum-free process for copper ?lling of mechanical features etched inside the KMPR layer has been demonstrated.
关键词： Metallization of structural polymers,One-step amination,Nickel seed layer,Green chemistry plating,Micro-electro-mechanical systems
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Enhanced visible-light-photoconversion efficiency of TiO2 nanotubes decorated by pulsed laser deposited CoNi nanoparticles
摘要： The pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique has been used to decorate TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) with cobalt-nickel (CoNi) nanoparticles (NPs). The TiO2 NTs were produced beforehand through the controlled anodic oxidation of titanium substrates. The effect of the nature of the PLD background gas (Vacuum, O2 and He) on the microstructure, composition and chemical bondings of the CoNi-NPs deposited onto the TiO2-NTs has been investigated. We found that the PLD CoNi-NPs have a core/shell (oxide/metal) structure when deposited under vacuum, while they are fully oxidized when deposited under O2. On the other hand, by varying the CoNi-NPs loading of the TiO2-NTs (through the increase of the number of laser ablation pulses (NLP)), we have systematically studied their photocatalytic effect by means of cyclic-voltammetry (CV) measurements under both AM1.5 simulated solar light and filtered visible light. We show that depositing CoNi-NPs on the substrate under vacuum and He increases the photo-electrochemical conversion effectiveness (PCE) by 600% (at NLP = 10,000) in the visible light domain, while their overall PCE degrades with NLP under solar illumination. In contrast, the fully oxidized CoNi-NPs (deposited under O2) are found to be the most effective catalyst under sunlight with an overall increase of more than 50% of the PCE at the optimum loading around NLP ~1000. Such catalytic enhancement is believed to result from both an enhanced light absorption by CoO (of which bandgap is of ~2.4 eV) and the formation of a heterojunction between NiO/CoO nanoparticles and TiO2 nanotubes.
关键词： TiO2 nanotubes,Pulsed laser deposition,Cobalt/nickel nanoparticles,Photo-electrochemistry,Water-splitting
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59